What controls the mechanical properties of shale rocks? – Part I: Strength and Young's modulus
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Backers, 2004, New data on mode II fracture toughness of rock from the punch-through shear test, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 41, 2, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.03.010
Barzegar, 1995, Tensile strength of dry, remoulded soils as affected by properties of the clay fraction, Geoderma, 65, 93, 10.1016/0016-7061(94)00028-9
Berard, T., Liu, Q., Dubost, F.X., Jing, B., 2012. A Screening Process for Shale Gas Prospecting. SPE Paper 154736, p. 19.
Bernard, 2013, FIB-SEM and TEM investigations of an organic-rich shale maturation series from the lower Toarcian Posidonia shale, Germany: nanoscale pore system and fluid–rock interactions, 53
Bernard, 2014, Thermal maturation of gas shale systems, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 42, 635, 10.1146/annurev-earth-060313-054850
Bieniawski, 1978, Suggested methods for determing tensile strength of rock materials, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 15, 99, 10.1016/0148-9062(78)90003-7
Bjorlykke, 2010, 508
Britt, L.K., Schoeffler, J., 2009. The Geomechanics of a Shale Play: What Makes a Shale Prospective. SPE Paper 125525, p. 9.
Chang, 2009, Viscous creep in room-dried unconsolidated Gulf of Mexico shale (I): experimental results, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 69, 239, 10.1016/j.petrol.2009.08.018
Chang, 2006, Emprical relations between rock strength and physical properties in sedimentary rocks, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 51, 223, 10.1016/j.petrol.2006.01.003
Chong, 1980, Effects of strain rate on oil shale fracturing, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 17, 35, 10.1016/0148-9062(80)90004-2
Chong, 1990, Strain rate dependent mechanical properties of New Albany reference shale, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 27, 199, 10.1016/0148-9062(90)94328-Q
Cogan, 1976, Triaxial creep test of Opohonga limestone and Ophir shale, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 13, 1, 10.1016/0148-9062(76)90221-7
Covey-Crump, 2013, Monitoring in situ stress/strain behavior during plastic yielding in polymineralic rocks using neutron diffraction, J. Struct. Geol., 47, 36, 10.1016/j.jsg.2012.10.003
Dresen, 2010, Borehole breakout evolution through acoustic emission location analysis, Int. J. Rock. Mech. Min. Sci., 47, 426, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2009.12.010
2000, Reservoir Stimulation, 856
Evans, 1990, The brittle–ductile transition in rocks: recent experimental and theoretical progress, 56, 1
Evans, 1995, Rheology of Rocks, 148
Fjaer, 2008, 491
Gasc-Barbier, 2004, Creep behavior of Bure clayey rock, Appl. Clay Sci., 26, 449, 10.1016/j.clay.2003.12.030
Gasparik, 2014, Geological controls on the methane storage capacity in organic-rich shales, Int. J. Coal Geol., 123, 34, 10.1016/j.coal.2013.06.010
Gebrande, 1982, Elastic wave velocities and constants of elasticity of rocks and rock forming minerals, 1
Ghanizadeh, 2014, Experimental study of fluid transport processes in the matrix system of the European organic-rich shales: I. Scandanavian Alum shale, Mar. Pet. Geol., 51, 79, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.10.013
Ghanizadeh, 2014, Experimental study of fluid transport processes in the matrix system of the European organic-rich shales: II. Posidonia shale (Lower Toarcian, northern Germany, Int. J. Coal Geol., 123, 20, 10.1016/j.coal.2013.06.009
Gholami, 2014, Mechanical and elastic properties of transversely isotropic shale, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 47, 1763, 10.1007/s00603-013-0488-2
Gholami, 2014, Practical application of failure criteria in determining safe mud weight windows in drilling operations, J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 6, 13, 10.1016/j.jrmge.2013.11.002
Glorioso, J.C., Rattia, A., 2012. Unconventional Reservoirs: Basic Petrophysical Concepts for Shale Gas. SPE Paper 153004, p. 38.
Goebel, 2012, Identifying fault heterogeneity through mapping spatial anomalies in acoustic emission statistics, J. Geophys. Res., 117, B03310, 10.1029/2011JB008763
Grieser, B., Bray, J., 2007. Identification of Production Potential in Unconventional Reservoirs, SPE Paper 106623, p. 6.
Horsfield, 2010, Geoenergy: from visions to solutions, Geochemistry, 70, 1, 10.1016/j.chemer.2010.06.002
Horsrud, 1998, Mechanical and petrophysical properties of North Sea shales, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 35, 1009, 10.1016/S0148-9062(98)00162-4
Horsrud, P., 2001. Estimating Mechanical Properties of Shale from Empirical Correlations. SPE Paper 56017, pp. 68–73.
Hunsche, 2004, Evolution and failure of the Opalinus clay: relationship between deformation and damage, experimental results and constitutive equation, Appl. Clay Sci., 26, 403, 10.1016/j.clay.2003.12.033
Ibanez, 1993, Experimental deformation of shale: mechanical properties and microstructural indicators of mechanisms, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 30, 723, 10.1016/0148-9062(93)90014-5
Islam, 2013, An experimental investigation of shale mechanical properties through drained and undrained test mechanisms, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 46, 1391, 10.1007/s00603-013-0377-8
Jarvie, 2007, Unconventional shale-gas systems: the Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment, AAPG Bull., 91, 475, 10.1306/12190606068
Ji, 1994, Strength of two-phase rocks: a model based on fiber-loading theory, J. Struct. Geol., 16, 253, 10.1016/0191-8141(94)90108-2
Ji, 2004, A generalized mixture rule for estimating the viscosity of solid–liquid suspensions and mechanical properties of polyphase rocks and composite materials, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B10207, 10.1029/2004JB003124
Ji, 2004, Mechanical properties of multiphase rocks: a phenomenological approach using generalized means, J. Struct. Geol., 26, 1377, 10.1016/j.jsg.2003.12.004
Johnston, 1987, Physical properties of shale at temperature and pressure, Geophysics, 52, 1391, 10.1190/1.1442251
Jordan, 1989, Deformational behavior of shale interlayers in evaporate detachment horizons, Jura overthrust, Switzerland, J. Struct. Geol., 11, 859, 10.1016/0191-8141(89)90103-X
Kaufhold, 2013, Influence of carbonate content and micro-fabrics on the failure strength of the sandy facies of the Opalinus Clay from Mont Terri (Underground Rock Laboratory), Eng. Geol., 156, 111, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.01.014
Kronenberg, 1990, Basal slip and mechanical anisotropy of biotite, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 19257, 10.1029/JB095iB12p19257
Kuila, 2011, Stress anisotropy and velocity anisotropy in low porosity shale, Tectonophysics, 503, 34, 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.09.023
Kwon, O., Kronenberg, A.K., 1994. Deformation of Wilcox Shale: Undrained Strength and Effects on Strain Rate. ARMA Papers. 1994-0757, p. 9.
Littke, 2011, Unconventional gas resources in the Paleozoic of Central Europe, Oil Gas Sci. Technol., 66, 953, 10.2516/ogst/2010033
Lockner, 1995, Rock failure, 3, 127
Mavko, 2009, 503
Masri, 2014, Experimental investigation of the effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of Tournemire shale, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 70, 185, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.05.007
McGlade, 2013, Unconventional gas – a review of regional and global resource estimates, Energy, 55, 571, 10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.048
Meier, 2013, Influence of borehole diameter on the formation of borehole breakouts in black shale, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 62, 74, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.03.012
Meier, 2015, Influence of bedding angle on borehole stability: a laboratory investigation of transverse isotropic oil shale, Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 48, 1535, 10.1007/s00603-014-0654-1
Naumann, 2007, Experimental investigations on anisotropy in dilatancy, failure and creep of Opalinus clay, Phys. Chem. Earth, 32, 889, 10.1016/j.pce.2005.04.006
Niandou, 1997, Laboratory investigation of the mechanical behaviour of Tournemire shale, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 34, 3, 10.1016/S1365-1609(97)80029-9
Paterson, 1970, A high-pressure, high-temperature apparatus for deformation, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 7, 517, 10.1016/0148-9062(70)90004-5
Peltonen, 2009, Clay mineral diagenesis and quartz cementation in mudstones: the effects of smectite to illite reaction on rock properties, Mar. Pet. Geol., 26, 887, 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.021
Petley, 1999, Failure envelopes of mudrocks at high-confining pressure, Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ., 158, 61, 10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.158.01.05
Popp, 2007, Anisotropy of seismic and mechanical properties of Opalinus clay during triaxial deformation in a multi-anvil apparatus, Phys. Chem. Earth, 32, 879, 10.1016/j.pce.2006.04.022
Rahmati, E., Nouri, A., Fattahpour, V., 2014. Caprock Integrity Analysis During a SAGD Operation Using an Anisotropic Elasto-Plastic Model. SPE Paper 170114, p. 23
Rahmati, E., Nouri, A., Fattahpour, V., Trivedi, J., 2015. Numerical Assessment of the Maximum Operating Pressure for Anisotropic Caprock in SAGD Projects. SPE Paper 174509, p.21
Reinicke, 2010, Hydraulic fracturing stimulation techniques and formation damage mechanisms – implications from laboratory testing of tight sandstone – proppant systems, Geochemistry, 70, 107, 10.1016/j.chemer.2010.05.016
Riekman, R., Mullen, M., Grieser, B., Kundert, D., 2008. A Practical Use of Shale Petrophysics for Stimulation Design Optimization: All Shale Plays are not Clones of the Barnett Shale. SPE Paper 115258, p. 11.
Rummel, 1982, Fracture and flow of rocks and minerals, 141
Rybacki, 2014, Strain localization during high temperature creep of marble: the effect of inclusions, Tectonphysics, 634, 182, 10.1016/j.tecto.2014.07.032
Schmitt, 1994, Shale testing and capillary phenomena, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 31, 411, 10.1016/0148-9062(94)90145-7
Seedsman, 1987, Strength implications of the crystalline and osmotic swelling clays shales, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 24, 357, 10.1016/0148-9062(87)92257-1
Seidle, 2011, 387
Shoerey, 1997, 176
Soliman, 2012, Fracturing unconventional formations to enhance productivity, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 8, 52, 10.1016/j.jngse.2012.01.007
Sone, 2013, Mechanical properties of shale-gas reservoir rocks – Part 2: ductile creep, brittle strength, and their relation to the elastic modulus, Geophys., 78, D393, 10.1190/geo2013-0051.1
Sone, 2013, Mechanical properties of shale-gas reservoir rocks – Part 1: Static and dynamic elastic properties and anisotropy, Geophysics, 78, D381, 10.1190/geo2013-0050.1
Sone, 2014, Time-dependent deformation of shale gas reservoir rocks and its long-term effect on the in situ stress state, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 69, 120, 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.04.002
Sondergeld, C.H., Newsham, K.E., Comisky, J.T., Rice, M.C., Rai, C.S., 2010. Petrophysical Considerations in Evaluating and Producing Shale Gas Resources. SPE Papers 131768, p. 34.
Speight, 2013, 170
Steiger, 1993, Advanced triaxial swelling tests of preserved shale cores, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 30, 681, 10.1016/0148-9062(93)90005-X
Swan, 1989, Strain rate effects in Kimmeridge Bay shale, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 26, 135, 10.1016/0148-9062(89)90002-8
Takahashi, 1989, Effect of the intermediate principal stress on the strength and deformation behavior of sedimentary rocks at the depth shallower than 2000m, 19
Thyagaraj, 2013, Osmotic swelling and osmotic consolidation behavior of compacted expansive clay, Geotech. Geol. Eng., 31, 435, 10.1007/s10706-012-9596-0
Van Oort, 2003, On the physical and chemical stability of shales, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 38, 213, 10.1016/S0920-4105(03)00034-2
Wang, 2007, Experimental study on fracture toughness and tensile strength of clay, Eng. Geol., 94, 65, 10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.06.005
Wang, 2009, Screeing criteria for shale-gas systems, Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Soc. Trans., 59, 779
Warpinski, N.R., Mayerhofer, M.J., Vincent, M.C., Cipolla, C.L., Lolon, E.P., 2008. Stimulating Unconventional Reservoirs: Maximizing Network Growth While Optimizing Fracture Conductivity. SPE Paper 114173, p. 19.
Yale, D.P., Jamieson, W.H., 1994. Static and Dynamic Rock Mechanical Properties in the Hugoton and Panoma Fileds, Kansas, SPE Paper, SPE 27939, pp. 209–219
Zhou, 2012, Creep of partially molten fine-grained gabbro under dry conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 117, B05204, 10.1029/2011JB008646
Zoback, 2007, 449