Ways of thinking about and teaching ethical problem solving: Microethics and macroethics in engineering

Herkert, J.R. (2002) Professional societies, microethics, and macroethics: Product liability as an ethical issue in engineering design. The International Journal of Engineering Education, 19: 163–167.

Herkert, J.R. (2001) Future directions in engineering ethics research: microethics, macroethics and the role of professional societies. Science and Engineering Ethics 7: 403–414.

Ladd, J. (1980) The quest for a code of professional ethics: an intellectual and moral confusion, in: Chalk, R., Frankel, M.S. and Chafer, S.B. (eds.) AAAS Professional Ethics Project: Professional Ethics Activities in the Scientific and Engineering Societies. AAAS, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 154–159.

McLean, G.F. (1993) Integrating ethics and design. IEEE Technology and Society 12 (3): 19–30.

Vanderburg, W.H. (1995) Preventive engineering: strategy for dealing with negative social and environmental implications of technology. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 121: 155–160.

De George, R.T., cited in Roddis, W.M.K. (1993) Structural failures and engineering ethics. Journal of Structural Engineering 119: 1539–1555.

Winner, L. (1990) Engineering ethics and political imagination, in: Durbin, P. (ed.) Broad and Narrow Interpretations of Philosophy of Technology: Philosophy and Technology 7, Boston, Kluwer, pp. 53–64.

Herkert, J.R. (2000) Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Engineering, Wiley/IEEE Press, New York, USA.

Lynch, W.T. and R. Kline (2000) Engineering practice and engineering ethics. Science, Technology and Human Values 25: 195–225.

Woodhouse, E.J. (2001) Overconsumption as a challenge for ethically responsible engineering. IEEE Technology and Society 20 (3): 23–30.

O’Connell, B. and J.R. Herkert (2004) Engineering ethics and computer ethics: Twins separated at birth? Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 8 (1): 36–56, available at http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/SPT/v8n1/oconnell.html).

Davis, M. (1998) Thinking Like an Engineer, Oxford University Press, New York, USA.

Martin, M. and R. Schinzinger (1996) Ethics in Engineering, 3 rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.

Harris, Jr., C., M. Pritchard, and M. Rabins (2000) Engineering Ethics, 2 nd ed., Wadsworth, Belmont, CA, USA.

Herkert, J.R. (1999) ABET’s Engineering Criteria 2000 and engineering ethics: where do we go from here?” Online Proceedings of International Conference on Ethics in Engineering and Computer Science, The Online Ethics Center for Engineering and Science, Cleveland, OH, USA, available at http://www.onlineethics.org/essays/education/herkert2.html.

National Academy of Engineering (2004) Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA.

Herkert, J.R. (2000) Engineering ethics education in the USA: content, pedagogy, and curriculum. European Journal of Engineering Education 25 (4): 303–313.

Atman, C. and I. Nair (1996) Engineering in context: an empirical study of freshmen students’ conceptual frameworks. Journal of Engineering Education 85: 317–326.

Koehn, E. (1997) Engineering perceptions of ABET accreditation criteria. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 123: 66–70.

Steneck, N. (1999) Designing teaching and assessment tools for an integrated engineering ethics curriculum. Proceedings of 29th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, IEEE, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA, Session 12d6, pp. 11–17.

National Academy of Engineering et al., “A Declaration by the US Engineering Community to the World Summit on Sustainable Development,” available at http://www.asme.org/gric/ps/2002/02-30.html.

Kline, R. (2001) Using history and sociology to teach engineering ethics. IEEE Technology and Society 20 (4): 13–20.

O’Connell, B. and J.R. Herkert, “Engineers and Computing: Ethical and Legal Issues,” Presented at Tenth Annual Meeting, Association for Practical and Professional Ethics, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2001.

O’Connell, B. and J.R. Herkert, “What Engineers Should Know About the Ethical and Legal Aspects of Computing,” Presented at American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, Liberal Education Division, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2001.

Pour, G., M.L. Griss and M. Lutz. (2000) The push to make software engineering respectable. IEEE Computer 33 (5): 35–43.

Herkert, J.R. (Ed.) (2002) Proceedings of the 2002 International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS’02): Social Implications of Information and Communication Technology, IEEE, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.

Layton, E. T. (1986) The Revolt of the Engineers. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Unger, S. (1994) Controlling Technology: Ethics and the Responsible Engineer, 2nd Ed., Wiley, New York, USA.

Herkert, J.R. (1998) Sustainable development, engineering and multinational corporations: ethical and public policy implications. Science and Engineering Ethics 4 (3): 333–346.

World Business Council for Sustainable Development, “About the WBCSD,” available at http://www.wbcsd.ch/.

Hart, S. (1997) Beyond greening: strategies for a sustainable world. Harvard Business Review (Jan.–Feb.) pp. 66–76.

3M Worldwide, “Joe Ling is Mr. Pollution Prevention,” available at http://www.3m.com/about3M/pioneers/ling.jhtml.

AAES (1994) Statement of the American Association of Engineering Societies on the role of the engineer in sustainable development, in: The Role of Engineering in Sustainable Development. AAES, Washington, DC: 3–6.

Shrader-Frechette, K. and L. Westra (1997) Technology and Values, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, MD, USA.

Soudek, I. (1999) Turning belief into action: aims of teaching engineering ethics. 1999 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, ASEE, Washington, DC, USA, CD-ROM, Session 1661.

Herkert, J.R. (1997) “Making connections: engineering ethics on the World Wide Web. IEEE Transactions on Education 40 (4), CD-ROM Supplement.

Herkert, J.R., Web Clearinghouse for Engineering and Computing Ethics, available at http://www4.ncsu.edu/~jherkert/ethicind.html.

The Graduate School, North Carolina State University, “Research Ethics Modules,” available at http://www.fis.ncsu.edu/Grad/ethics/modules/index.htm.

Kriesberg, N. and J.R. Herkert, Contemporary Science, Values, and Animal Subjects in Research, available at http://ori.hhs.gov/education/products/Herkert%20(NC%20State)/index.htm.

Department of Science, Technology, and Society, University of Virginia, “Engineering Ethics,” available at http://repo-nt.tcc.virginia.edu/ethics/index.htm.

Gorman, M., M. Mehalik, and P. Werhane (2000) Ethical and Environmental Challenges to Engineering, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA.

Gorman, M., J. Stocker, and M. Mehalik (1997) Using detailed, multimedia cases to teach engineering ethics. 1997 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, ASEE, Washington, DC, USA, CD-ROM, Session 2461.

Gehringer, E., Computer Ethics, available at http://ethics.csc.ncsu.edu/.

Bowyer, K. (2002) Star Wars revisited — ethics and safety-critical software. IEEE Technology and Society 21 (13): 13–26.

Bowyer, K., “Star Wars” Revisited: A Case Study in Ethics and Safety-Critical Software, available at http://www.cse.nd.edu/~kwb/nsf-ufe/star-wars/STARWARS_A.PPT.

Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers, “IEEE Ethics and Member Conduct Committee,” available at http://www.ieee.org/organizations/committee/emcc/index.html.

National Society for Professional Engineers, “Ethics,” available at http://www.nspe.org/ethics/.

National Institute for Engineering Ethics Home Page, available at http://www.niee.org.

National Institute for Engineering Ethics, “NSPE Board of Ethical Review Cases,” available at http://www.niee.org/Fp.cfm?pt=EthicsCases.

The Online Ethics Center for Engineering and Science at Case Western Reserve University, “Help-Line,” available at http://www.onlineethics.org/helpline/index.html.

Monsanto, “The Monsanto Pledge,” available at http://www.monsanto.com/monsanto/layout/our_pledge/default.asp.

Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development, available at http://www.foundation.novartis.com/nfhome.htm.

Patagonia, “Enviro Action,” available at http://www.patagonia.com/enviro/main_enviro_action.shtml.

Sun Microsystems, “Community investment,” available at http://www.sun.com/aboutsun/comm_invest/index.html.

Unilever, “Environment & Society,” available at http://www.unilever.com/environmentsociety/.

Murphy-Medley, D. (2002) Evaluating the corporate response to sustainable development: are corporations accountable for the social and environmental impact of their operations? Final project, Master of Liberal Studies Program, North Carolina State University.