Waterborne Phenanthrene Modulates Immune, Biochemical, and Antioxidant Parameters in the Bloods of Juvenile Olive Flounder
Tóm tắt
The current study aimed to evaluate potential effect of waterborne phenanthrene (Phe) on immune, biochemical, and antioxidant parameters in the blood of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Juvenile olive flounder were exposed to different concentrations (control, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 μg L-1) of Phe for 14 days and bloods were sampled at day 7 and 14. Hematological (alternative complement activity, ACH50; lysozyme; total immunoglobulin, Ig; cortisol; Hemoglobin, Hb; red blood cell, RBC; white blood cell, WBC), biochemical (glucose; albumin; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; alkaline aminotransferase, ALP), lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant (glutathione, GSH; catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD) parameters were evaluated in the blood samples. ACH50, lysozyme, Ig, and WBC values were significantly decreased by 1.0 μg L-1 of Phe at day 14, while cortisol level was significantly increased by 0.5 and 1 μg L-1 of Phe at day 14. Total protein concentration was significantly decreased in the 1.0 μg L-1 Phe-exposed blood sample at day 7 and 14. Values for ALT, AST, and ALP were significantly increased in response to 0.5 and 1.0 μg L-1 of Phe at day 14. There was no significant change in Hb, RBC, albumin, and glucose upon Phe. MDA content was significantly increased by 1.0 μg L-1 of Phe at day 14. GSH content was significantly elevated upon 1.0 μg L-1 of Phe at day 7, while the content was significantly depleted at day 14. The enzymatic activities of CAT and SOD were significantly increased by 0.5 and 1.0 μg L-1 of Phe at day 14. The results indicate significant modulatory effects of waterborne Phe on immune, biochemical, and antioxidant parameters in the economically important fish. The modulations can be used as potential biomarkers in Phe-contaminated aquatic environment.
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