Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Tưới nước thải trong việc điều chỉnh tính chất đất, các yếu tố tăng trưởng và sự tích lũy kim loại nặng ở các loài Brassica khác nhau
Tóm tắt
Để đánh giá tác động của việc tưới nước thải (WW), bốn loài Brassica, cụ thể là B. campestris, B. juncea, B. napus và B. nigra, đã được trồng trong 2 năm tại cánh đồng nông nghiệp. Thí nghiệm năm đầu tiên (2014–2015) được thực hiện với tác động so sánh của WW và nước ngầm (GW) dưới liều lượng đồng nhất của NPK (N80P45K45, kg ha−1). Tưới nước thải cho thấy hiệu quả hơn so với nước ngầm trong việc tăng cường các tham số tăng trưởng, sinh lý và năng suất. Sự gia tăng ở tất cả các tham số là do việc sử dụng WW dẫn đến việc cải thiện các thuộc tính lý-hóa của đất so với đất từ ứng dụng nước ngầm. Thí nghiệm năm thứ hai (2015–2016) do đó chỉ đề cập đến tưới nước thải nhưng dưới sự tương tác với hai mức độ phân bón NPK (N80P45K45 và N60P30K30, kg ha−1). Kết quả của năm nay tiết lộ rằng sự gia tăng tối đa về các tham số tăng trưởng, sinh lý và năng suất được quan sát ở mức WW × N60P30K30, trong khi việc sử dụng WW × N80P45K45 không mang lại lợi ích. Biện pháp WW × N60P30K30 cũng có lợi bởi vì, ở mức điều trị này, sự tích lũy của Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni và Cd trong lá và hạt ít hơn so với WW × N80P45K45. Nghiên cứu kết luận rằng mặc dù việc sử dụng WW có thể tiết kiệm nước ngọt, nâng cao tình trạng dinh dưỡng của đất, và cân bằng N, P và K ở mức đầu vào thấp hơn, nhưng tưới nước thải đã gây ra sự tích lũy kim loại nặng trong tất cả các cây Brassica vượt xa giới hạn an toàn trong thời gian tưới kéo dài (70 ngày và 105 ngày sau khi gieo (DAS)). Tuy vậy, WW chỉ an toàn khi sử dụng trong vòng 35 DAS. Do đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất rằng cần có sự giám sát thường xuyên về nồng độ kim loại nặng trong nước tưới cũng như trong các loại rau trồng khác nhau.
Từ khóa
#tưới nước thải #cây Brassica #kim loại nặng #NPK #tính chất đấtTài liệu tham khảo
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