Viruses as biomaterials

Cobián Güemes, 2016, Annu. Rev. Virol., 3, 197, 10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-054952 Rohwer, 2009, Environ. Microbiol., 11, 2771, 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02101.x Breitbart, 2005, Trends Microbiol., 13, 278, 10.1016/j.tim.2005.04.003 Wu, 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 107, 1606, 10.1073/pnas.0911353107 Quiñones-Mateu, 2014, J. Clin. Virol., 61, 9, 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.06.013 Stewart, 2006, J. Infect., 52, 329, 10.1016/j.jinf.2005.07.021 Dreesen, 1997, Vaccine, 15, S2, 10.1016/S0264-410X(96)00314-3 Artenstein, 2012, Int. J. Infect. Dis., 16, e470, 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.03.005 Keen, 2012, Future Microbiol., 7, 1337, 10.2217/fmb.12.115 Stanley, 1935, Science, 81, 644, 10.1126/science.81.2113.644 Luria, 1943, Genetics, 28, 491, 10.1093/genetics/28.6.491 Rohwer, 2011, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 9, 308, 10.1038/nrmicro2563 Young, 2006, J. Pathol., 208, 299, 10.1002/path.1896 Houldcroft, 2017, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 15, 183, 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.182 Koonin Eugene, 2021, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 85 International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Executive, 2020, Nat. Microbiol., 5, 668, 10.1038/s41564-020-0709-x Gallitelli, 2000, Virus Res., 71, 9, 10.1016/S0168-1702(00)00184-2 Wen, 2016, Chem. Soc. Rev., 45, 4074, 10.1039/C5CS00287G Nam, 2006, Science, 312, 885, 10.1126/science.1122716 Liu, 2012, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 6178, 10.1039/c2cs35108k Chung, 2020, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 156, 214, 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.024 Pitek, 2016, Biomaterials, 89, 89, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.032 Sunderland, 2017, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 56, 1964, 10.1002/anie.201606181 Zhang, 2022, Bioact. Mater., 18, 337, 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.005 Holzapfel, 2013, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 65, 581, 10.1016/j.addr.2012.07.009 Serban, 2016, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 40, 31, 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.02.009 Jeon, 2021, J. Phys. Chem. C, 125, 2502, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c08800 Li, 2019, Nano Lett., 19, 2700, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00679 Lauster, 2020, Nat. Nanotechnol., 15, 373, 10.1038/s41565-020-0660-2 Benjamin, 2018, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 140, 17226, 10.1021/jacs.8b10446 McCoy, 2018, Biomacromolecules, 19, 3738, 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00867 Strobl, 2022, Small, 18, 2200059, 10.1002/smll.202200059 Peng, 2020, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 117, 1951, 10.1073/pnas.1913234117 Y. Li, X. Qu, B. Cao, T. Yang, Q. Bao, H. Yue, L. Zhang, G. Zhang, L. Wang, P. Qiu, N. Zhou, M. Yang, C. Mao, Advanced Materials 32 (2020) 2001260. Tsedev, 2022, ACS Nano, 11676, 10.1021/acsnano.1c08720 Liu, 2022, Adv. Mater., 34 Tao, 2013, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 110, 5846, 10.1073/pnas.1300867110 Tao, 2018, mBio, 9, e01926, 10.1128/mBio.01926-18 Urich, 2015, Sci. Rep., 5, 14104, 10.1038/srep14104 Chen, 2017, ACS Sens., 2, 484, 10.1021/acssensors.7b00021 Zhou, 2015, Nat. Mater., 14, 1058, 10.1038/nmat4377 Aljabali, 2019, Beilstein J. Nanotechnol., 10, 1983, 10.3762/bjnano.10.195 Ortega-Rivera, 2021, ACS Infect. Dis., 7, 3096, 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00410 Wang, 2020, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30, 2002299, 10.1002/adfm.202002299 Cai, 2020, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30, 1908743, 10.1002/adfm.201908743 Chan, 2021, ACS Nano, 15, 1259, 10.1021/acsnano.0c08430 Zampieri, 2020, Sci. Adv., 6, eaaz0295, 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0295 Cao, 2014, Small, 10, 5126, 10.1002/smll.201400558 Loo, 2008, Chem. Commun., 88, 10.1039/B714748A Alemzadeh, 2019, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 174, 80, 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.008 Hu, 2020, Mol. Pharm., 17, 4629, 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00834 Masarapu, 2017, Biomacromolecules, 18, 4141, 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01196 Xie, 2021, Nano Lett., 21, 1722, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04516 Poghossian, 2018, Biosens. Bioelectron., 110, 168, 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.036 Metavarayuth, 2019, Nano Lett., 19, 8372, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02001 Le, 2019, ACS Nano, 13, 2501, 10.1021/acsnano.9b02071 Lin, 2020, Adv. Healthc. Mater., 9 Lebel, 2016, Nano Lett., 16, 1826, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04877 Park, 2009, Nat. Nanotechnol., 4, 259, 10.1038/nnano.2009.38 Kwon, 2017, Adv. Mater., 29 Min, 2021, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 13, 17372, 10.1021/acsami.1c02691 Lv, 2019, Nano Lett., 19, 7035, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02483 Zhu, 2019, Sci. Adv., 5, eaax0064, 10.1126/sciadv.aax0064 Staquicini, 2021, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 118, 10.1073/pnas.2105739118 Crick, 1956, Nature, 177, 473, 10.1038/177473a0 Twarock, 2019, Nat. Commun., 10, 4414, 10.1038/s41467-019-12367-3 Zandi, 2020, Phys. Rep., 847, 1, 10.1016/j.physrep.2019.12.005 Caspar Dl Fau, 1962, Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol., 27, 1, 10.1101/SQB.1962.027.001.005 Bunka, 2011, J. Mol. Biol., 413, 51, 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.07.063 Freddolino, 2006, Structure, 14, 437, 10.1016/j.str.2005.11.014 Zeng, 2012, J. Struct. Biol., 180, 110, 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.06.008 Speir, 1995, Structure, 3, 63, 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00135-6 Valegård, 1990, Nature, 345, 36, 10.1038/345036a0 Koning, 2016, Nat. Commun., 7, 12524, 10.1038/ncomms12524 R. Zandi, D. Reguera, F. Bruinsma Robijn, M. Gelbart William, J. Rudnick, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101 (2004) 15556–15560. Motwani, 2019, J. Virol., 93, e00187, 10.1128/JVI.00187-19 Thuman-Commike, 1996, J. Mol. Biol., 260, 85, 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0383 Li, 2018, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 115, 10971, 10.1073/pnas.1807706115 Beatty, 2019, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 145, 130, 10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.005 Hesketh, 2017, Sci. Rep., 7, 539, 10.1038/s41598-017-00533-w Lin, 1999, Virology, 265, 20, 10.1006/viro.1999.0038 Wang, 2002, Chem. Biol., 9, 805, 10.1016/S1074-5521(02)00165-5 Wang, 2022, Chem. Rev. Diaz, 2010, Chapter Five - Fourier–Bessel Reconstruction of Helical Assemblies, 482, 131 He, 2017, J. Struct. Biol., 198, 163, 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.02.003 Sachse, 2007, J. Mol. Biol., 371, 812, 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.05.088 Franklin, 1955, Nature, 175, 379, 10.1038/175379a0 Grinzato, 2020, Nat. Chem. Biol., 16, 564, 10.1038/s41589-020-0502-4 Namba, 1986, Science, 231, 1401, 10.1126/science.3952490 Clare, 2010, J. Struct. Biol., 171, 303, 10.1016/j.jsb.2010.06.011 Chung, 2011, Nature, 478, 364, 10.1038/nature10513 Morag, 2015, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 112, 971, 10.1073/pnas.1415393112 Cao, 2016, Acc. Chem. Res., 49, 1111, 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00557 Chen, 2017, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 114, E8184 Fokine, 2004, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 101, 6003, 10.1073/pnas.0400444101 Taylor, 2016, Nature, 533, 346, 10.1038/nature17971 Russell, 2009, J. Gen. Virol., 90, 1, 10.1099/vir.0.003087-0 Rumnieks, 2011, Protein Sci., 20, 1707, 10.1002/pro.704 van Raaij, 1999, Nature, 401, 935, 10.1038/44880 Li, 2008, Science, 319, 1830, 10.1126/science.1153263 Harrison, 2015, Virology, 479–480, 498, 10.1016/j.virol.2015.03.043 van Helvoort, 1994, Hist. Sci., 32, 185, 10.1177/007327539403200204 Forterre, 2010, Orig. Life Evol. Biospheres, 40, 151, 10.1007/s11084-010-9194-1 Zou, 2022, Nat. Commun., 13, 4491, 10.1038/s41467-022-31934-9 Gleba, 2007, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 18, 134, 10.1016/j.copbio.2007.03.002 Wang, 2020, Cell, 182, 713, 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.008 Salmond, 2015, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 13, 777, 10.1038/nrmicro3564 Dion, 2020, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 18, 125, 10.1038/s41579-019-0311-5 Feng, 1999, Mol. Microbiol., 34, 745, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01636.x Bretaudeau, 2020, Front. Microbiol., 11, 1161, 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01161 Storms, 2014, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 353, 63, 10.1111/1574-6968.12402 Sauvageau, 2010, J. Biotechnol., 149, 67, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.06.018 Kim, 2021, Microb. Cell Factor., 20, 56, 10.1186/s12934-021-01549-8 Grieco, 2009, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 32, 773, 10.1007/s00449-009-0303-3 Grieco, 2012, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 39, 1515, 10.1007/s10295-012-1148-3 Choi, 2022, Processes, 10, 962, 10.3390/pr10050962 Warner, 2014, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 37, 2067, 10.1007/s00449-014-1184-7 Bos, 2000, Trends Microbiol., 8, 82, 10.1016/S0966-842X(99)01678-9 Stafford Candice, 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 108, 9350, 10.1073/pnas.1100773108 Scholthof, 2011, Mol. Plant Pathol., 12, 938, 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00752.x Andret-Link, 2005, J. Plant Pathol., 87, 153 Brault, 2010, Comptes Rendus Biol., 333, 524, 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.04.001 Waigmann, 2004, Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 23, 195, 10.1080/07352680490452807 Peyret, 2015, Plant Biotechnol. J., 13, 1121, 10.1111/pbi.12412 Barta, 1986, Plant Mol. Biol., 6, 347, 10.1007/BF00034942 Gordon, 2015, Plasmids, 295, 10.1128/9781555818982.ch17 Zambryski, 1989, Cell, 56, 193, 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90892-1 Rybicki, 2020, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 12, 10.1002/wnan.1587 Chung, 2022, Nat. Rev. Mater., 7, 372, 10.1038/s41578-021-00399-5 Song, 2010, Virol. J., 7, 40, 10.1186/1743-422X-7-40 Barrett, 2009, Expert Rev. Vaccin., 8, 607, 10.1586/erv.09.19 Bao, 2022, View, 20200181, 10.1002/VIW.20200181 Barrett, 2011, Lancet, 377, 751, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62228-3 Montagnon, 1989, Dev. Biol. Stand., 70, 27 Zeltins, 2013, Mol. Biotechnol., 53, 92, 10.1007/s12033-012-9598-4 Noad, 2003, Trends Microbiol., 11, 438, 10.1016/S0966-842X(03)00208-7 Suffian, 2022, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 180, 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114030 Banskota, 2022, Cell, 185, 250, 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.021 Fuenmayor, 2017, New Biotechnol., 39, 174, 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.07.010 Koudelka, 2015, Annu. Rev. Virol., 2, 379, 10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055141 Chu, 2018, Biotechnol. J., 13, 1800147, 10.1002/biot.201800147 Bruckman, 2016, J. Control. Release, 231, 103, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.045 Nooraei, 2021, J. Nanobiotechnol., 19, 59, 10.1186/s12951-021-00806-7 Moon, 2022, Sci. Rep., 12, 1005, 10.1038/s41598-022-04883-y Fernandes, 2013, Expert Rev. Vaccin., 12, 225, 10.1586/erv.12.153 Kim, 2017, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 64, 111, 10.1111/lam.12695 Huang, 2017, npj Vaccin., 2, 3, 10.1038/s41541-017-0006-8 Speidel, 2022, Nat. Mater., 21, 989, 10.1038/s41563-022-01348-5 Yang, 2012, Nat. Mater., 11, 560, 10.1038/nmat3367 Hall, 2020, Biomaterials, 255, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120189 Sun, 2009, J. Pharm. Sci., 98, 1671, 10.1002/jps.21552 Callister, 2011 Fries, 2021, Nat. Nanotechnol., 16, 1, 10.1038/s41565-020-0739-9 Yan, 2019, Adv. Mater., 31, 1805391, 10.1002/adma.201805391 Viswanathan, 2006, Mater. Sci. Eng. R: Rep., 54, 121, 10.1016/j.mser.2006.11.002 Hartman, 2018, Nat. Commun., 9, 1385, 10.1038/s41467-018-03783-y Biela, 2022, Commun. Mater., 3, 7, 10.1038/s43246-022-00229-3 Asensio, 2016, Nano Lett., 16, 5944, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02948 Fiedler, 2012, Biomacromolecules, 13, 2339, 10.1021/bm300590x Martino, 2021, Biomacromolecules, 22, 3332, 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00443 Lu, 2015, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 112, 12360, 10.1073/pnas.1510533112 Hernandez-Garcia, 2014, Nat. Nanotechnol., 9, 698, 10.1038/nnano.2014.169 Ladd Effio, 2016, J. Biotechnol., 219, 7, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.12.018 Brown, 2013, Biomacromolecules, 14, 3123, 10.1021/bm400747k Zhao, 2019, ACS Nano, 13, 4443, 10.1021/acsnano.8b09683 Wang, 2014, Nano Lett., 14, 6850, 10.1021/nl504358j Kong, 2020, ACS Chem. Biol., 15, 2907, 10.1021/acschembio.0c00497 Wang, 2019, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 58, 15904, 10.1002/anie.201908713 Yang, 2017, Chem. Rev., 117, 10377, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00100 Saw, 2019, Protein Cell, 10, 787, 10.1007/s13238-019-0639-7 Balke, 2019, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 145, 119, 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.007 Patel, 2020, ACS Appl. Bio Mater., 3, 4179, 10.1021/acsabm.0c00259 Mohsen, 2020, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 12 D'Angelo, 2018, JCI Insight, 3 Zhang, 2021, J. Immunol. Methods, 494 Lee, 2009, Nano Res., 2, 349, 10.1007/s12274-009-9033-8 Chen, 2016, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 8, 512, 10.1002/wnan.1379 Mohan, 2016, ACS Chem. Biol., 11, 1167, 10.1021/acschembio.6b00060 Pitek, 2016, Small, 12, 1758, 10.1002/smll.201502458 Sojitra, 2021, Nat. Chem. Biol., 17, 806, 10.1038/s41589-021-00788-5 Carrico, 2012, ACS Nano, 6, 6675, 10.1021/nn301134z Lucon, 2012, Nat. Chem., 4, 781, 10.1038/nchem.1442 Grabarek, 1990, Anal. Biochem., 185, 131, 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90267-D Staros, 1986, Anal. Biochem., 156, 220, 10.1016/0003-2697(86)90176-4 Huang, 2019, Nat. Chem., 11, 310, 10.1038/s41557-018-0209-2 Nair, 2014, Chem. Mater., 26, 724, 10.1021/cm402180t Hooker, 2004, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126, 3718, 10.1021/ja031790q Schlick, 2005, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 3718, 10.1021/ja046239n Park, 2020, Bioconjugate Chem., 31, 1408, 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00118 Brunel, 2010, Nano Lett., 10, 1093, 10.1021/nl1002526 Bruckman, 2008, ChemBioChem, 9, 519, 10.1002/cbic.200700559 Meldal, 2008, Chem. Rev., 108, 2952, 10.1021/cr0783479 Pokorski, 2011, ChemBioChem, 12, 2441, 10.1002/cbic.201100469 Kaur, 2010, Biomaterials, 31, 5813, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.017 Agard, 2004, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126, 15046, 10.1021/ja044996f Mamidyala, 2010, Chem. Soc. Rev., 39, 1252, 10.1039/b901969n Li, 2021, Chem. A Eur. J., 27, 5057, 10.1002/chem.202003386 Hommersom, 2014, Org. Biomol. Chem., 12, 4065, 10.1039/C4OB00505H Patel, 2011, Bioconjug. Chem., 22, 376, 10.1021/bc100367u Strable, 2008, Bioconjug. Chem., 19, 866, 10.1021/bc700390r Lavelle, 2007, J. Virol. Methods, 146, 311, 10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.07.020 Herbert, 2020, Bioconjug. Chem., 31, 1529, 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00190 Das, 2020, Biochemistry, 59, 2870, 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00435 Hashemi, 2021, Sci. Rep., 11, 19851, 10.1038/s41598-021-98706-1 Spunde, 2022, Pharmaceuticals, 15, 773, 10.3390/ph15070773 Chen, 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 108, 1355, 10.1073/pnas.1015739108 Davis, 2022, J. Mol. Biol., 434, 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167719 Selivanovitch, 2019, Curr. Opin. Virol., 36, 38, 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.02.010 Wang, 2022, Acc. Chem. Res., 55, 1349, 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00056 Parent, 2010, Structure, 18, 390, 10.1016/j.str.2009.12.014 de la Escosura, 2010, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 49, 5335, 10.1002/anie.201001702 Xu, 2008, Chem. Commun., 49, 10.1039/B715299J Brasch, 2017, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 1512, 10.1021/jacs.6b10948 Garmann, 2015, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 7584, 10.1021/jacs.5b03770 Zhou, 2020, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 142, 5929, 10.1021/jacs.9b13773 Shan, 2018, Adv. Mater., 30, 1707567, 10.1002/adma.201707567 Shahgolzari, 2020, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 12, 10.1002/wnan.1629 Yildiz, 2013, J. Control. Release, 172, 568, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.04.023 Lu, 2021, Biomaterials, 276, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121035 Wang, 2018, Chem. A Eur. J., 24, 11518, 10.1002/chem.201705936 Yao, 2017, Adv. Mater., 29, 1605903, 10.1002/adma.201605903 Jia, 2019, J. Mater. Sci., 54, 13255, 10.1007/s10853-019-03613-6 Nudelman, 2012, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 51, 6582, 10.1002/anie.201106715 Kumar, 2020, ACS Appl. Bio Mater., 3, 6005, 10.1021/acsabm.0c00634 Mao, 2012, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 51, 6411, 10.1002/anie.201107824 Xu, 2011, Biomacromolecules, 12, 2193, 10.1021/bm200274r Lee, 2012, Energy Environ. Sci., 5, 8328, 10.1039/c2ee21156d Liu, 2015, Adv. Mater., 27, 479, 10.1002/adma.201401485 Mao, 2004, Science, 303, 213, 10.1126/science.1092740 Hubbell, 2013, Nat. Mater., 12, 963, 10.1038/nmat3788 Fenton, 2018, Adv. Mater., 30, 1705328, 10.1002/adma.201705328 Luong, 2020, Nat. Protoc., 15, 2867, 10.1038/s41596-020-0346-0 Maslanka Figueroa, 2021, J. Control. Release, 329, 552, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.045 Wen, 2015, J. Mater. Chem. B, 3, 6037, 10.1039/C5TB00879D Setyawati, 2015, Chem. Soc. Rev., 44, 8174, 10.1039/C5CS00499C Blanco, 2015, Nat. Biotechnol., 33, 941, 10.1038/nbt.3330 Huh, 2019, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 145, 4, 10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.003 Nkanga, 2021, Virology, 556, 39, 10.1016/j.virol.2021.01.012 Claesson-Welsh, 2021, Trends Mol. Med., 27, 314, 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.11.006 Tee, 2019, Chem. Soc. Rev., 48, 5381, 10.1039/C9CS00309F Barr, 2017, Immunol. Rev., 279, 106, 10.1111/imr.12565 Wu, 2013, Biomacromolecules, 14, 4032, 10.1021/bm401129j Koudelka, 2009, PLoS Pathog., 5, 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000417 Zou, 2004, Mol. Biol. Rep., 31, 121, 10.1023/B:MOLE.0000031459.14448.af Molenaar, 2002, Virology, 293, 182, 10.1006/viro.2001.1254 Międzybrodzki, 2017, Front. Microbiol., 8, 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00467 Nguyen, 2017, mBio, 8, e01874 Thannesberger, 2017, FASEB J., 31, 1987, 10.1096/fj.201601168R Ding, 2020, Mater. Today, 37, 112, 10.1016/j.mattod.2020.02.001 Terstappen, 2021, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 20, 362, 10.1038/s41573-021-00139-y Zhou, 2021, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 13 D. Frenkel, B. Solomon, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99 (2002) 5675–5679. Pardeshi, 2013, Expert Opin. Drug Deliv., 10, 957, 10.1517/17425247.2013.790887 Graff, 2005, J. Pharm. Sci., 94, 1187, 10.1002/jps.20318 Ayloo, 2019, Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 57, 32, 10.1016/j.conb.2018.12.014 Pulgar, 2019, Front. Neurosci., 12, 1019, 10.3389/fnins.2018.01019 Zhou, 2018, J. Control. Release, 270, 290, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.015 Jones, 2007, Pharm. Res., 24, 1759, 10.1007/s11095-007-9379-0 Fishman, 1987, J. Neurosci. Res., 18, 299, 10.1002/jnr.490180206 Di Pasquale, 2006, Mol. Ther., 13, 506, 10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.11.007 Jefferies, 1984, Nature, 312, 162, 10.1038/312162a0 Rhea, 2021, J. Neuroendocrinol., 33, 10.1111/jne.12929 Wiley, 2013, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 110, 8662, 10.1073/pnas.1307152110 Banerjee, 2010, ChemBioChem, 11, 1273, 10.1002/cbic.201000125 Galaway, 2013, Mol. Pharm., 10, 59, 10.1021/mp3003368 Staquicini, 2011, J. Clin. Investig., 121, 161, 10.1172/JCI44798 Chen, 2019, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11, 41889, 10.1021/acsami.9b14046 I. van Rooy, S. Cakir-Tascioglu, P.-O. Couraud, I.A. Romero, B. Weksler, G. Storm, W.E. Hennink, R.M. Schiffelers, E. Mastrobattista, Pharmaceutical Research 27 (2010) 673–682. Lee, 2001, Eur. J. Biochem., 268, 2004, 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02073.x Wu, 2019, Nat. Commun., 10, 4635, 10.1038/s41467-019-12554-2 Shriver, 2009, J. Neuroimmunol., 211, 66, 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.03.015 Finbloom, 2018, Nanomaterials, 8, 1007, 10.3390/nano8121007 Shukla, 2013, Mol. Pharm., 10, 33, 10.1021/mp300240m Le, 2019, Biomacromolecules, 20, 469, 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01365 Geng, 2007, Nat. Nanotechnol., 2, 249, 10.1038/nnano.2007.70 Hinde, 2017, Nat. Nanotechnol., 12, 81, 10.1038/nnano.2016.160 Dianat-Moghadam, 2020, Pharmacol. Res., 155, 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104716 Le, 2017, Nanoscale, 9, 2348, 10.1039/C6NR09099K Abbas, 2020, Sci. Bull., 65, 2050, 10.1016/j.scib.2020.09.019 Chung, 2021, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 583, 267, 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.012 Sigl, 2021, Nat. Mater., 20, 1281, 10.1038/s41563-021-01020-4 Gandra, 2013, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 52, 11278, 10.1002/anie.201301113 Wang, 2018, J. Mater. Chem. B, 6, 3716, 10.1039/C8TB00186C Liu, 2014, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 111, 13319, 10.1073/pnas.1321940111 Birocchi, 2022, Sci. Transl. Med., 14, eabl4106, 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl4106 Niethammer, 2018, Sci. Transl. Med., 10, eaau0713, 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau0713 Thong, 2019, Sci. Rep., 9, 3945, 10.1038/s41598-019-40388-x Catala, 2021, ACS Nano, 15, 11789, 10.1021/acsnano.1c02864 Smith, 1997, Chem. Rev., 97, 391, 10.1021/cr960065d Danner, 2001, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 98, 12954, 10.1073/pnas.211439598 Gray, 2014, Chem. Rev., 114, 1020, 10.1021/cr400166n Xu, 2020, Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.: Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 12 Qu, 2017, NPG Asia Mater., 9, 10.1038/am.2017.196 Bao, 2019, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 145, 40, 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.013 Steinmetz, 2011, Nanomedicine, 6, 351, 10.2217/nnm.10.136 Zheng, 2019, Nat. Biomed. Eng., 3, 717, 10.1038/s41551-019-0423-2 Li, 2014, Small, 10, 230, 10.1002/smll.201301393 Luo, 2021, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 13, 44013, 10.1021/acsami.1c11947 Zhang, 2021, Biomacromolecules, 22, 540, 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01402 Zhang, 2019, Adv. Mater., 31, 1901485, 10.1002/adma.201901485 Ngweniform, 2009, Small, 5, 1963, 10.1002/smll.200801902 Kalarical Janardhanan, 2010, Mol. Cancer Ther., 9, 2524, 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0253 Ikuta, 2022, The Lancet, 2221, 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02185-7 Wang, 2020, Adv. Mater., 1904106, 10.1002/adma.201904106 Dedrick, 2019, Nat. Med., 730, 10.1038/s41591-019-0437-z Nick, 2022, Cell, 1860, 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.024 Little, 2022, Nat. Commun., 13, 2313, 10.1038/s41467-022-29689-4 Sliwka, 2022, Crit. Rev. Microbiol., 48, 222, 10.1080/1040841X.2021.1960481 Lehti, 2017, Nat. Commun., 8, 1915, 10.1038/s41467-017-02057-3 Meng, 2022, Sci. Adv., 8, eabq2005, 10.1126/sciadv.abq2005 Mookherjee, 2020, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 19, 311, 10.1038/s41573-019-0058-8 Shen, 2018, Adv. Healthc. Mater., 7, 1800354, 10.1002/adhm.201800354 Lemon, 2019, J. Microbiol., 57, 532, 10.1007/s12275-019-8686-6 He, 2020, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 142, 3959, 10.1021/jacs.9b12936 Ran, 2021, Chem. Sci., 12, 1054, 10.1039/D0SC04889E Ngo-Duc, 2020, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 12, 126, 10.1021/acsami.9b15682 Mickoleit, 2018, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 37898, 10.1021/acsami.8b16355 Dönmez Güngüneş, 2022, Mol. Biotechnol., 64, 681, 10.1007/s12033-021-00440-6 Peng, 2022, ACS Nano, 16, 4756, 10.1021/acsnano.2c00048 Steinmetz, 2010, Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med., 6, 634, 10.1016/j.nano.2010.04.005 Bedi, 2011, Nanomed. -Nanotechnol. Biol. Med., 7, 315, 10.1016/j.nano.2010.10.004 Lee, 2002, Science, 296, 892, 10.1126/science.1068054 Cao, 2019, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 145, 73, 10.1016/j.addr.2018.11.004 Wan, 2007, IEEE Sens. J., 7, 470, 10.1109/JSEN.2006.890135 Hartmann, 2012, Nat. Mater., 8, 781 Paris, 2010, Mrs Bull., 35, 219, 10.1557/mrs2010.655 Lauria, 2017, Acta Biomater., 62, 317, 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.039 He, 2010, Small, 6, 2230, 10.1002/smll.201001108 Li, 2022, Mater. Today Adv., 15 Tom, 2016, Nanoscale, 8, 15696, 10.1039/C6NR04322D Gower, 2008, Chem. Rev., 108, 4551, 10.1021/cr800443h Wu, 2011, Langmuir, 27, 9490, 10.1021/la201580v Zan, 2013, ACS Nano, 7, 8385, 10.1021/nn403908k Mao, 2015, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 112, 14452, 10.1073/pnas.1508520112 Lee, 2016, Situ Tissue Regen., 3, 10.1016/B978-0-12-802225-2.00001-5 Merzlyak, 2009, Nano Lett., 9, 846, 10.1021/nl8036728 Yoo, 2017, Nanoscale, 9, 17109, 10.1039/C7NR03332J Yoo, 2011, Biomacromolecules, 12, 987, 10.1021/bm1013475 Zhou, 2019, Adv. Mater., 31 Lee, 2018, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 4349, 10.1021/acsami.7b17871 Zan, 2013, ACS Nano, 7, 8385, 10.1021/nn403908k Wu, 2015, Biomacromolecules, 16, 3466, 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00884 Wang, 2013, Sci. Rep., 3, 1242, 10.1038/srep01242 Zhu, 2011, Biomaterials, 32, 4744, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.030 O'Brien, 2011, Mater. Today, 14, 88, 10.1016/S1369-7021(11)70058-X Guo, 2015, Regen. Biomater., 2, 47, 10.1093/rb/rbu016 Wang, 2014, Adv. Mater., 26, 4961, 10.1002/adma.201400154 Luckanagul, 2016, ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng., 2, 606, 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00561 Wu, 2011, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 8550, 10.1039/c1jm00078k Yur, 2021, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 71, 41, 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.06.002 Ma, 2021, Small, 17, 2004287, 10.1002/smll.202004287 Qiu, 2022, Acc. Chem. Res., 55, 551, 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00691 Manchester, 2006, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 58, 1505, 10.1016/j.addr.2006.09.014 Li, 2010, Analyst, 135, 21, 10.1039/B911883G Park, 2017, Nat. Rev. Mater., 2, 17014, 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.14 Blum, 2011, Biosens. Bioelectron., 26, 2852, 10.1016/j.bios.2010.11.021 Bell, 2020, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 59, 5454, 10.1002/anie.201908154 Lee, 2019, Chem. Soc. Rev., 48, 731, 10.1039/C7CS00786H Wang, 2017, Nanoscale, 9, 16728, 10.1039/C7NR06292C Wang, 2019, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1073, 72, 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.065 Yang, 2020, Chin. Chem. Lett., 31, 145, 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.07.026 Koh, 2018, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 10388, 10.1021/acsami.8b01470 Manivannan, 2020, Biosens. Bioelectron., 161, 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112237 Liu, 2009, Adv. Mater., 21, 1001, 10.1002/adma.200800777 Oh, 2014, Nat. Commun., 5, 3043, 10.1038/ncomms4043 Lee, 2021, Biosens. Bioelectron., 188, 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113339 Seol, 2019, Environ. Res., 170, 238, 10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.030 Moon, 2017, Chem. Sci., 8, 921, 10.1039/C6SC02021F Moon, 2016, Chem. Asian J., 11, 3097, 10.1002/asia.201601079 Lee, 2022, Biosens. Bioelectron., 196, 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113693 He, 2017, Anal. Chem., 89, 1916, 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04389 Peng, 2019, ACS Nano, 13, 1244 Chen, 2015, Anal. Chem., 87, 8977, 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02175 Yue, 2017, Biosens. Bioelectron., 94, 429, 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.033 Chen, 2017, ACS Sens., 2, 1573, 10.1021/acssensors.7b00561 Pan, 2015, Nano Res., 8, 3562, 10.1007/s12274-015-0856-1 Wang, 2015, ACS Nano, 9, 4475, 10.1021/acsnano.5b01074 Zang, 2017, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 8471, 10.1021/acsami.6b14045 Wu, 2021, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1166, 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338596 Lentini, 2015, Biosens. Bioelectron., 74, 398, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.073 De Plano, 2019, J. Immunol. Methods, 465, 45, 10.1016/j.jim.2018.12.004 Szot-Karpińska, 2020, Bioelectrochemistry, 136, 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107629 Mao, 2009, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 48, 6790, 10.1002/anie.200900231 Bäcker, 2017, Sens. Actuators B: Chem., 238, 716, 10.1016/j.snb.2016.07.096 Koch, 2018, Nanotheranostics, 2, 184, 10.7150/ntno.22114 Xu, 2022, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 359 Adhikari, 2015, Anal. Chem., 87, 11660, 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00702 Domaille, 2013, Chem. Commun., 49, 1759, 10.1039/c3cc38871a Lee, 2012, ACS Nano, 6, 5621, 10.1021/nn301565e Deng, 2021, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 7261, 10.1021/jacs.1c02929 Wan, 2021, Theranostics, 11, 9133, 10.7150/thno.61804 Röthlisberger, 2018, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 134, 3, 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.007 Meng, 2016, Chem. Soc. Rev., 45, 2583, 10.1039/C5CS00645G Ma, 2020, J. Mater. Chem. B, 8, 5189, 10.1039/C9TB01783F Derda, 2013, Anal. Chem., 85, 7213, 10.1021/ac400961b Cheok, 2016, Biosens. Bioelectron., 77, 131, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.09.028 Zhang, 2020, Biosens. Bioelectron., 165 Yang, 2021, Biosens. Bioelectron., 175, 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112874 Xu, 2018, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 273, 1015, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.023 Xu, 2021, Mater. Today Adv., 10 Kim, 2014, Anal. Chem., 86, 5858, 10.1021/ac500645c Meile, 2020, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 86, e00442, 10.1128/AEM.00442-20 Yang, 2020, PLoS One, 15 Kim, 2019, Sci. Rep., 9, 496, 10.1038/s41598-018-36990-0 Bhardwaj, 2017, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 33589, 10.1021/acsami.7b07818 Peng, 2020, ACS Sens., 5, 1491, 10.1021/acssensors.0c00654 Pang, 2020, Biosens. Bioelectron., 165, 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112325 Bhasin, 2021, Anal. Chem., 93, 11259, 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02191 Richter, 2017, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 9, 19622, 10.1021/acsami.7b03497 Farooq, 2020, Biosens. Bioelectron., 157, 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112163 Nakama, 2021, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1150, 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338232 Ogata, 2017, Anal. Chem., 89, 1373, 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04840 Bhasin, 2018, Nano Lett., 18, 3623, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00723 Sedki, 2020, Biosens. Bioelectron., 148, 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111794 Brasino, 2015, Anal. Biochem., 470, 7, 10.1016/j.ab.2014.10.006 Rizzo, 2021, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 329, 10.1016/j.snb.2020.129227 Zhang, 2013, Chem. Commun., 49, 3778, 10.1039/c3cc40688a Guo, 2006, Nucleic Acids Res., 34, 10.1093/nar/gkl260 Ren, 2019, Food Chem., 297, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.186 Liu, 2014, Anal. Chem., 86, 7471, 10.1021/ac501202d Hou, 2021, Mater. Today Adv., 12 Aljabali, 2018, 29 Rohovie, 2017, Bioeng. Transl. Med., 2, 43, 10.1002/btm2.10049 Bourrinet, 2006, Invest. Radiol., 41, 313, 10.1097/01.rli.0000197669.80475.dd Ghosh, 2012, Nat. Nanotechnol., 7, 677, 10.1038/nnano.2012.146 Fan, 2020, Theranostics, 10, 4944, 10.7150/thno.42471 Farkas, 2013, Mol. Pharm., 10, 69, 10.1021/mp3003754 Yan, 2015, Plos One, 10 Grunwald, 2013, Mol. Ther. -Nucleic Acids, 2, e131, 10.1038/mtna.2013.58 Li, 2011, Theranostics, 1, 371, 10.7150/thno/v01p0371 Flexman, 2008, IEEE Trans. Nanobiosci., 7, 223, 10.1109/TNB.2008.2002288 Von Maltzahn, 2009, Cancer Res., 69, 3892, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4242 Luker, 2008, J. Nucl. Med., 49, 1, 10.2967/jnumed.107.045799 Bustos-Jaimes, 2017, J. Biotechnol., 263, 55, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.09.014 Bruckman, 2014, Nano Lett., 14, 1551, 10.1021/nl404816m Le, 2017, J. Struct. Biol., 200, 360, 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.06.006 Pang, 2019, Theranostics, 9, 1752, 10.7150/thno.30977 Ma, 2021, Semin. Cancer Biol., 1143 Lee, 2016, WIREs Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol., 8, 554, 10.1002/wnan.1383 Buonaguro, 2011, Expert Rev. Vaccin., 10, 1569, 10.1586/erv.11.135 Chen, 2019, Front. Microbiol., 10, 954, 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00954 Tao, 2019, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 145, 57, 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.025 Huai, 2016, Adv. Healthc. Mater., 5, 786, 10.1002/adhm.201500930 Shi, 2018, Vaccine, 36, 5717, 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.011 Tremblay, 2006, FEBS J., 273, 14, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.05033.x Lebel, 2014, J. Immunol., 192, 1071, 10.4049/jimmunol.1302030 Lizotte, 2016, Nat. Nanotechnol., 11, 295, 10.1038/nnano.2015.292 Shukla, 2020, ACS Nano, 14, 2994, 10.1021/acsnano.9b07865 Wang, 2021, ACS Synth. Biol., 10, 2087, 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00266 Li, 2022, ACS Nano, 16, 10482, 10.1021/acsnano.2c01283 Asadi-Ghalehni, 2015, Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol., 37, 274, 10.3109/08923973.2015.1027917 Bartolacci, 2018, Cancer Immunol. Res., 6, 1486, 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0179 Wu, 2018, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 140, 16596, 10.1021/jacs.8b08473 Zhai, 2017, Antivir. Res., 147, 116, 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.09.012 Baskar, 2012, Int. J. Med. Sci., 9, 193, 10.7150/ijms.3635 Patel, 2018, ACS Omega, 3, 3702, 10.1021/acsomega.8b00227 Xie, 2020, Chem. Soc. Rev., 49, 8065, 10.1039/D0CS00215A Gao, 2020, Mater. Today Bio, 5 Ng, 2018, Adv. Funct. Mater., 28, 1804688, 10.1002/adfm.201804688 Sun, 2021, Nano Today, 37, 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101073 Shahrivarkevishahi, 2021, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 16428, 10.1021/jacs.1c05090 Sharma, 2015, Science, 348, 56, 10.1126/science.aaa8172 Sharma, 2021, Cancer Discov., 11, 838, 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-1680 Sharma, 2020, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 20, 75, 10.1038/s41577-020-0275-8 Alves Costa Silva, 2020, ESMO Open, 5, 10.1136/esmoopen-2019-000573 W.H. Organization, COVID-19 weekly epidemiological update, edition 109, 14 September (2022). Gordon, 2020, Nature, 583, 459, 10.1038/s41586-020-2286-9 Shang, 2020, Nature, 581, 221, 10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y Bojkova, 2020, Nature, 583, 469, 10.1038/s41586-020-2332-7 Lan, 2020, Nature, 581, 215, 10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5 Salian, 2021, Mol. Pharm., 18, 754, 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00608 Thanh, 2020, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 19, 305, 10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5 Martinez, 2021, Front. Immunol., 12, 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635371 Andrews, 2022, New Engl. J. Med., 386, 1532, 10.1056/NEJMoa2119451 Tregoning, 2021, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 21, 626, 10.1038/s41577-021-00592-1 Furuyama, 2022, Mbio, 13, e03379, 10.1128/mbio.03379-21 van Doremalen, 2020, Nature, 586, 578, 10.1038/s41586-020-2608-y Zhu, 2020, Lancet, 395, 1845, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31208-3 Wu, 2021, Lancet Infect. Dis., 21, 1654, 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00396-0 Zabaleta, 2021, Cell Host Microbe, 29, 1437, 10.1016/j.chom.2021.08.002 Hörner, 2020, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 117, 32657, 10.1073/pnas.2014468117 Warner, 2021, iScience, 24, 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103219 Xu, 2018, Virol. J., 15, 1, 10.1186/s12985-018-0955-1 Zhu, 2022, mBio, 13, e01822 Zhu, 2021, Sci. Adv., 7, eabh1547, 10.1126/sciadv.abh1547 Nkanga, 2022, Biomacromolecules, 23, 1812, 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00112 Thannickal, 2000, Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol., 279, L1005, 10.1152/ajplung.2000.279.6.L1005 Taborsky, 1977, Acta Virol., 21, 499 Gogokhia, 2019, Cell Host Microbe, 25, 285, 10.1016/j.chom.2019.01.008 Wang, 2018, Infect. Drug Resist., 11, 2301, 10.2147/IDR.S179701 Jeon, 2019, BMC Microbiol., 19, 1, 10.1186/s12866-019-1443-5 Gorski, 2018, Front. Microbiol., 9, 3306, 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03306 Schwarz, 1996, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 21, 641, 10.1016/0891-5849(96)00131-1 Khomich, 2018, Viruses, 10, 392, 10.3390/v10080392 Lin, 2006, FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 46, 375, 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2006.00045.x Nguyen, 2020, Cell Res., 30, 189, 10.1038/s41422-020-0290-0 Luan, 2020, J. Infect., 81, 318, 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.046 Law, 2019, Infection, 47, 665, 10.1007/s15010-019-01319-0 Ferry, 2020, Front. Med., 7 Tan, 2021, Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., 11 Uyttebroek, 2022, Lancet Infect. Dis., 22, e208, 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00612-5 Hatfull, 2022, Annu. Rev. Med., 73, 197, 10.1146/annurev-med-080219-122208 Wu, 2022, Curr. Opin. Virol., 52, 9, 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.11.001 Wu, 2021, Emerg. Microbes Infect., 10, 612, 10.1080/22221751.2021.1902754 Landry, 2010, PLoS One, 5, 10.1371/journal.pone.0015559 Hendin, 2017, Vaccine, 35, 2592, 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.058 Pillet, 2018, npj Vaccin., 3, 3, 10.1038/s41541-017-0043-3 Pillet, 2016, Clin. Immunol., 168, 72, 10.1016/j.clim.2016.03.008 Ward, 2021, Vaccine, 39, 1528, 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.004 Keenan, 2020, J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw., 18, 479, 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7554 Kwapisz, 2021, Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 70, 607, 10.1007/s00262-020-02736-z Isakoff, 2022, Cancer Res., 82, P2-14-17, 10.1158/1538-7445.SABCS21-P2-14-17 Ishii, 2020, Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev., 18, 44, 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.05.012 Mendell, 2017, New Engl. J. Med., 377, 1713, 10.1056/NEJMoa1706198 Mendell, 2015, Mol. Ther., 23, 192, 10.1038/mt.2014.200 Rocco, 2022, Mol. Ther., 3632, 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.003 Ramasamy, 2020, Lancet, 396, 1979, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32466-1 Dalvie, 2022, Sci. Adv., 8, eabl6015, 10.1126/sciadv.abl6015 Lee, 2004, Nano Lett., 4, 387, 10.1021/nl034911t Leong, 2019, Nat. Nanotechnol., 14, 629, 10.1038/s41565-019-0496-9 Draper, 2010, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 8, 62, 10.1038/nrmicro2240 Reyes, 2012, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 10, 607, 10.1038/nrmicro2853 Radford, 2012, J. Gen. Virol., 93, 1853, 10.1099/vir.0.043182-0 Needs, 2016, APL Mater., 4, 10.1063/1.4949361 Agrawal, 2016, APL Mater., 4, 10.1063/1.4946894 Quinn, 2015, Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc., 86-87, 21, 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2015.02.003 Jiang, 2017, Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 46, 122, 10.1016/j.sbi.2017.07.002 Jumper, 2021, Nature, 583, 10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2 Baek, 2021, Science, 373, 871, 10.1126/science.abj8754