Virulence of EnteropathogenicEscherichia coli, a Global Pathogen

Clinical Microbiology Reviews - Tập 16 Số 3 - Trang 365-378 - 2003
Stuart C. Clarke1,2, Richard D. Haigh3, Primrose Freestone3, P. H. Williams3
1Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Glasgow University Glasgow
2Scottish Meningococcus and Pneumococcus Reference Laboratory
3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

Tóm tắt

SUMMARY

EnteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC) remains an important cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. Research into EPEC is intense and provides a good virulence model of otherE. coliinfections as well as other pathogenic bacteria. Although the virulence mechanisms are now better understood, they are extremely complex and much remains to be learnt. The pathogenesis of EPEC depends on the formation of an ultrastructural lesion in which the bacteria make intimate contact with the host apical enterocyte membrane. The formation of this lesion is a consequence of the ability of EPEC to adhere in a localized manner to the host cell, aided by bundle-forming pili. Tyrosine phosphorylation and signal transduction events occur within the host cell at the lesion site, leading to a disruption of the host cell mechanisms and, consequently, to diarrhea. These result from the action of highly regulated EPEC secreted proteins which are released via a type III secretion system, many genes of which are located within a pathogenicity island known as the locus of enterocyte effacement. Over the last few years, dramatic increases in our knowledge of EPEC virulence have taken place. This review therefore aims to provide a broad overview of and update to the virulence aspects of EPEC.

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Clinical Microbiology Reviews

Tập 16 Số 3

365-378

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