Veranderingen in levenstevredenheid bij koppels na geslaagde in-vitrofertilisatie en een natuurlijke zwangerschap
Tóm tắt
Achtergrond: Volgens bevindingen van eerder onderzoek ervaren stellen met een onvervulde kinderwens een verminderd welzijn en mindere kwaliteit van leven. Naar mogelijke veranderingen in psychologische variabelen bij onvruchtbare stellen na een geslaagde in-vitrofertilisatie (ivf) is echter nog nauwelijks onderzoek gedaan. Doelstelling: dit prospectieve onderzoek keek naar de veranderingen in levenstevredenheid, stressbelasting en gewoonlijke bezorgdheid die gepaard gaan met de geboorte van een kind bij stellen die ivf ondergingen en stellen met een natuurlijke zwangerschap. Methodes: In totaal vulden 77 stellen met een succesvolle ivf-zwangerschap en 50 stellen met een natuurlijke zwangerschap de Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, de Perceived Stress Questionnaire en de Penn State Worry Questionnaire in; de data werden verzameld vóór de zwangerschap (nulmeting) en 6 en 12 maanden na de zwangerschap. Voor de data-analyses werden multi-levelmodellen gebruikt. Resultaten: Tijdens de nulmeting beschreven stellen met ivf een lagere levenstevredenheid, hogere stressbelasting en meer bezorgdheid dan stellen met een natuurlijke zwangerschap. Bovendien vertoonden deze stellen 6 en 12 maanden na de geboorte een sterke stijging in hun levenstevredenheid en een afname van hun stress en bezorgdheid. Bij stellen met een natuurlijke zwangerschap waren de scores op levenstevredenheid 6 maanden na de geboorte lager en waren de scores op stress en bezorgdheid hoger dan bij de nulmeting; 12 maanden na de geboorte waren alle scores van deze groep terug op het oorspronkelijke niveau. Conclusies: Het verschil tussen de groepen tijdens de nulmeting onderstreept nog eens de psychosociale belasting die met onvruchtbaarheid gepaard gaat. Maar de toegenomen levenstevredenheid en afgenomen stress en bezorgdheid bij deze groep suggereren dat die belasting na de geboorte van een kind afneemt. De veranderingen bij stellen met een natuurlijke zwangerschap weerspiegelen de impact van de uitdagingen die de geboorte van een kind voor veel mensen met zich meebrengt, en geven aan dat ze zich hier in de loop van het eerste levensjaar van hun kind met succes aan aanpassen.
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