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Sự biến đổi trong thành phần vi khuẩn đường ruột liên quan đến nhiễm ký sinh trùng Haemonchus contortus ở cừu
Tóm tắt
Một trong những trở ngại lớn nhất đối với sản xuất động vật nhai lại nhỏ toàn cầu là việc nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường tiêu hóa, Haemonchus contortus. Trong những năm gần đây, đã có sự quan tâm đáng kể đến vi sinh vật đường ruột và tác động của chúng đến sức khỏe. Tuy nhiên, còn tương đối ít thông tin về sự tương tác giữa vi sinh vật đường ruột và các tác nhân gây bệnh đường tiêu hóa ở cừu. Do đó, nghiên cứu này được thực hiện để điều tra mối liên kết giữa vi sinh vật trong phân của cừu, như một mẫu đại diện cho vi sinh vật đường tiêu hóa, và nhiễm H. contortus. Cừu (n = 28) được tiêm nhiễm thực nghiệm với 14.000 ấu trùng H. contortus. Mẫu phân được thu thập 4 tuần trước và 4 tuần sau khi nhiễm bệnh. Các phân tích vi sinh vật được tiến hành bằng cách sử dụng phân tích khoảng cách liên gen ribosome tự động (ARISA) và giải trình tự gen 16S rRNA. Việc so sánh vi sinh vật trước và sau khi nhiễm bệnh đã được thực hiện. Khối lượng ký sinh trùng lớn liên quan đến sự thay đổi tương đối lớn trong thành phần quần xã, bao gồm sự khác biệt đáng kể (p ≤ 0.001) trong sự phong phú tương đối của Firmicutes và Bacteroidetes sau khi nhiễm. Ngược lại, khối lượng ký sinh trùng thấp liên quan đến sự thay đổi nhỏ hơn trong thành phần quần xã, với sự phong phú tương đối của các phyla phong phú nhất vẫn ổn định. Thú vị là, những khác biệt đã được quan sát trong vi sinh vật phân trước khi nhiễm ở những con cừu có khối lượng nhiễm H. contortus cao (n = 5) so với những con cừu có khối lượng nhiễm thấp (n = 5). Những khác biệt quan sát được ở cấp độ quần xã cũng như cấp độ taxa, trong đó sự phong phú tương đối của Bacteroidetes (cao hơn ở cừu có khối lượng ký sinh trùng cao) và Firmicutes (thấp hơn ở cừu có khối lượng ký sinh trùng cao) có sự khác biệt đáng kể (p ≤ 0.001). Nghiên cứu này tiết lộ mối liên kết giữa vi sinh vật phân và nhiễm H. contortus cao hoặc thấp ở cừu. Cần tiến hành điều tra thêm để nghiên cứu nguyên nhân và tác động của việc điều chỉnh hệ vi sinh.
Từ khóa
#Haemonchus contortus #vi sinh vật đường ruột #cừu #ký sinh trùng #sức khỏe động vậtTài liệu tham khảo
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