Valorisation of drinking water treatment sludge as substrate in subsurface flow constructed wetlands for upgrading treated wastewater

Auvinen, 2017, Removal of pharmaceuticals by a pilot aerated sub-surface flow constructed wetland treating municipal and hospital wastewater, Ecol. Eng., 100, 157, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.12.031 Ávila, 2014, Attenuation of emerging organic contaminants in a hybrid constructed wetland system under different hydraulic loading rates and their associated toxicological effects in wastewater, Sci. Total Environ., 470–471, 1272, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.065 Ávila, 2015, Emerging organic contaminant removal in a full-scale hybrid constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment and reuse, Ecol. Eng., 80, 108, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.07.056 Babatunde, 2009, Forms, patterns and extractability of phosphorus retained in alum sludge used as substrate in laboratory-scale constructed wetland systems, Chem. Eng. J., 152, 8, 10.1016/j.cej.2009.03.020 Babatunde, 2010, Alum sludge-based constructed wetland system for enhanced removal of P and OM from wastewater: concept, design and performance analysis, Bioresour. Technol., 101, 6576, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.066 Babatunde, 2011, Constructed wetlands using aluminium-based drinking water treatment sludge as P-removing substrate: should aluminium release be a concern?, J. Environ. Monit., 13, 1775, 10.1039/c1em00001b Chen, 2016, Occurrence, removal and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in rural wastewater treatment wetlands, Sci. Total Environ., 566–567, 1660, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.069 Delgado, 2020, Occurrence and removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products using subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetlands, Water Res., 187, 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116448 Delgado-González, 2021, Granulated apatite filters for phosphorous retention in treatment wetlands: experience from full-scale applications, J. Water Process Eng., 40, 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.101927 Devi, 2017, Utilization of sludge based adsorbents for the removal of various pollutants: a review, Sci. Total Environ., 578, 16, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.220 Directive 91/271/EEC of 21 May, 1991 concerning urban waste-water treatment. Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November, 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption. Dotro, 2017, Vol. 7 Gao, 2021, Preparation of a new low-cost substrate prepared from drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS)/bentonite/zeolite/fly ash for rapid phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands, J. Clean. Prod., 261 Hou, 2018, Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of alum sludge: adsorption capacity and the forms of phosphorus retained in alum sludge, Mater. Lett., 229, 31, 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.06.102 Hu, 2011, Removal of glyphosate from aqueous environment by adsorption using water industrial residual, Desalination, 271, 150, 10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.014 Ilyas, 2020, Performance comparison of different types of constructed wetlands for the removal of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products: a review, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 27, 14342, 10.1007/s11356-020-08165-w Ilyas, 2020, Pharmaceuticals’ removal by constructed wetlands: a critical evaluation and meta-analysis on performance, risk reduction, and role of physicochemical properties on removal mechanisms, J. Water Health, 18, 253, 10.2166/wh.2020.213 Isidori, 2006, A multispecies study to assess the toxic and genotoxic effect of pharmaceuticals: furosemide and its photoproduct, Chemosphere, 63, 785, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.07.078 Jangkorn, 2011, Evaluation of reusing alum sludge for the coagulation of industrial wastewater containing mixed anionic surfactants, J. Environ. Sci., 23, 587, 10.1016/S1001-0742(10)60451-2 Jenkins, 2004 Kahl, 2017, Effect of design and operational conditions on the performance of subsurface flow treatment wetlands: emerging organic contaminants as indicators, Water Res., 125, 490, 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.004 Machado, 2017, Furosemide removal in constructed wetlands: comparative efficiency of LECA and cork granulates as support matrix, J. Environ. Manag., 203, 422, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.08.002 Martín, 2013, Phosphorus and nitrogen removal from tertiary treated urban wastewaters by a vertical flow constructed wetland, Ecol. Eng., 61, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.046 Matamoros, 2008, Organic micropollutant removal in a full-scale surface flow constructed wetland fed with secondary effluent, Water Res., 42, 653, 10.1016/j.watres.2007.08.016 Naranjo-Ríos Y., Hernández-Crespo C., Fernández M., Macián J., Añó M., Moscardó C., Martín M. Availability of drinking water treatment sludge as substrate in constructed wetlands for phosphorus removal. In 16th IWA International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control Conference Proceedings. ISBN: 978–84-17098–52-0. Olvera-Vargas, 2016, Microbial biotransformation of furosemide for environmental risk assessment: identification of metabolites and toxicological evaluation, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 23, 22691, 10.1007/s11356-016-7398-2 RD 1/2016. Real Decreto 1/2016, de 8 de enero, por el que se aprueba la revisión de los Planes Hidrológicos de las demarcaciones hidrográficas del Cantábrico Occidental, Guadalquivir, Ceuta, Melilla, Segura y Júcar, y de la parte Española de las demarcaciones hidrográficas del Cantábrico Oriental, Miño-Sil, Duero, Tajo, Guadiana y Ebro. Regulation (EU) 2020/741 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 May, 2020 on minimum requirements for water reuse. Rousseau, 2004, Model-based design of horizontal subsurface flow constructed treatment wetlands: a review, Water Res., 38, 1484, 10.1016/j.watres.2003.12.013 Vera, 2014, Enhanced phosphorus removal from sewage in mesocosm-scale constructed wetland using zeolite as medium and artificial aeration, Environ. Technol., 35, 1639, 10.1080/09593330.2013.877984 Verlicchi, 2012, Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in urban wastewater: removal, mass load and environmental risk after a secondary treatment-a review, Sci. Total Environ., 429, 123, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.028 Verlicchi, 2013, Removal of selected pharmaceuticals from domestic wastewater in an activated sludge system followed by a horizontal subsurface flow bed - analysis of their respective contributions, Sci. Total Environ., 454–455, 411, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.044 Vymazal, 2017, Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals in four full-scale constructed wetlands in the Czech Republic – the first year of monitoring, Ecol. Eng., 98, 354, 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.010 Wang, 2020, Comprehensive evaluation of substrate materials for contaminants removal in constructed wetlands, Sci. Total Environ., 701, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134736 Zhao, 2013, Feasibility of using drinking water treatment residuals as a novel chlorpyrifos adsorbent, J. Agric. Food Chem., 61, 7446, 10.1021/jf401763f Zhao, 2021, Waterworks sludge: an underrated material for beneficial reuse in water and environmental engineering, Waste Biomass-.-. Valoriz., 12, 4239, 10.1007/s12649-020-01232-w Zhao, 2008, Use of dewatered alum sludge as a substrate in reed bed treatment systems for wastewater treatment, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A Toxic. Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 43, 105, 10.1080/10934520701750264