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Sử Dụng Dịch Vụ Chăm Sóc Tại Nhà/Cộng Đồng: Trải Nghiệm Hiện Tại và Ý Định Sử Dụng Trong Tương Lai Tại Trung Quốc Đô Thị
Tóm tắt
Việc cung cấp dịch vụ chăm sóc tại nhà/cộng đồng (HCBC) cho người cao tuổi đã trở thành một hình thức chăm sóc người lớn tuổi ngày càng phổ biến ở nhiều xã hội già hóa. Để giải quyết những thách thức trong chăm sóc người lớn tuổi do sự già hóa dân số đột ngột, Trung Quốc đang phát triển hệ thống cung cấp dịch vụ HCBC để giảm bớt gánh nặng tài chính công và đáp ứng sở thích truyền thống về việc già hóa tại nhà. Sử dụng cơ sở dữ liệu của Khảo sát Xã hội Lão hóa Dài hạn Trung Quốc (CLASS), nghiên cứu này xem xét cách thức mà người cao tuổi sử dụng dịch vụ HCBC và những yếu tố nào có mối tương quan với việc sử dụng của họ ở Trung Quốc đô thị. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng người cao tuổi có kinh nghiệm sử dụng dịch vụ HCBC chiếm tỷ lệ tương đối nhỏ (8.47%) trong tổng số người cao tuổi tại Trung Quốc đô thị vào năm 2014, tuy nhiên tỷ lệ ý định sử dụng trong tương lai lại cao hơn, đạt 13.27%. Dựa trên một khung nghiên cứu áp dụng lý thuyết thể chế và lý thuyết phúc lợi đa nguyên, nghiên cứu cũng điều tra các mối tương quan giữa các đặc điểm cá nhân, gia đình và hỗ trợ xã hội với các sắp xếp chăm sóc người cao tuổi, cho thấy rằng các yếu tố ở cả cấp độ cá nhân và thể chế có liên quan đáng kể đến việc sử dụng dịch vụ HCBC. Đặc biệt, những người cao tuổi có sự hỗ trợ tài chính không đủ từ con cái và hỗ trợ xã hội ít có khả năng sử dụng dịch vụ HCBC, trong khi những người không có con trai và không nhận được hỗ trợ cảm xúc từ con cái lại có khả năng cao hơn trong việc sử dụng HCBC. Kết quả cho thấy nhu cầu chưa được đáp ứng về dịch vụ HCBC tại Trung Quốc hiện nay và ảnh hưởng rõ rệt của mối liên hệ gia đình và xã hội đến việc sử dụng HCBC trong cộng đồng người cao tuổi Trung Quốc. Các giải thích tương ứng được cung cấp và những tác động chính sách được đề xuất.
Từ khóa
#chăm sóc người cao tuổi #dịch vụ tại nhà #dịch vụ cộng đồng #hỗ trợ xã hội #chính sách xã hộiTài liệu tham khảo
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