Utility of salps as a baseline proxy for food web studies

Aberle, 2007, Interspecific and nutrient-dependent variations in stable isotope fractionation: experimental studies simulating pelagic multitrophic systems, Oecologia, 154, 291, 10.1007/s00442-007-0829-5

Annasawmy, 2018, Micronekton diel migration, community composition and trophic position within two biogeochemical provinces of the South West Indian Ocean: Insight from acoustics and stable isotopes, Deep Sea Res. Part 1, 138, 85, 10.1016/j.dsr.2018.07.002

Banaru, 2013, Seasonal variation of stable isotope ratios of size-fractionated zooplankton in the Bay of Marseille (NW Mediterranean Sea), J. Plankton Res., 36, 145, 10.1093/plankt/fbt083

Bligh, 1959, A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol., 37, 911, 10.1139/y59-099

Cherel, 2008, Stable isotopes reveal the trophic position and mesopelagic fish diet of female southern elephant seals breeding on the Kerguelen Islands, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 370, 239, 10.3354/meps07673

Cherel, 2010, Isotopic niches and trophic levels of myctophid fishes and their predators in the Southern Ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 55, 324, 10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0324

Conley, 2017, A self-cleaning biological filter: how appendicularians mechanically control particle adhesion and removal, Limnol. Oceanogr., 63, 927, 10.1002/lno.10680

Dadon-Pilosof, 2017, Surface properties of SAR11 bacteria facilitate grazing avoidance, Nat. Microbiol., 2, 1608, 10.1038/s41564-017-0030-5

Davenport, 2002, A trophic study of a marine ecosystem off southeastern Australia using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 59, 514, 10.1139/f02-031

del Rio, 2009, Isotopic ecology ten years after a call for more laboratory experiments, Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc., 84, 91, 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2008.00064.x

Goericke, 1994, Variations of marine plankton ∂13C with latitude, temperature, and dissolved CO2 in the world ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 85, 10.1029/93GB03272

Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, 2014, Isotopic invisibility of protozoan trophic steps in marine food webs, Limnol. Oceanogr., 59, 1590, 10.4319/lo.2014.59.5.1590

Hagen, 1988, On the significance of lipids in Antarctic zooplankton, Ber Polarforsch, 49, 1

Henschke, 2016, Rethinking the role of salps in the ocean, Trends Ecol. Evol., 31, 720, 10.1016/j.tree.2016.06.007

Henschke, 2015, Zooplankton trophic niches respond to different water types of the western Tasman Sea: a stable isotope analysis, Deep Sea Res. Part 1, 104, 1, 10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.010

Hewes, 1990, Microbial autotrophic and heterotrophic eucaryotes in Antarctic waters: relationships between biomass and chlorophyll, adenosine triphosphate and particulate organic carbon, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 63, 27, 10.3354/meps063027

Hopkins, 1985, Food web of an Antarctic midwater ecosystem, Mar. Biol., 89, 197, 10.1007/BF00392890

Hunt, 2015, A coupled stable isotope-size spectrum approach to understanding pelagic food-web dynamics: a case study from the southwest sub-tropical Pacific, Deep Sea Res. Part II, 113, 208, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.10.023

Hunt, 2017, Trophic pathways of phytoplankton size classes through the zooplankton food web over the spring transition period in the north-west Mediterranean Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 122, 6309, 10.1002/2016JC012658

Im, 2016, Ontogenetic feeding migration of the euphausiid Euphausia pacifica in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in autumn: a stable isotope approach, J. Plankton Res., 38, 904, 10.1093/plankt/fbw041

Ishak, 2017, Gut contents and isotopic profiles of Salpa fusiformis and Thalia democratica, Mar. Biol.,, 144

Kleppel, 1993, On the diets of calanoid copepods, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 99, 183, 10.3354/meps099183

Kruse, 2015, Uncovering the trophic relationship between Themisto gaudichaudii and Salpa thompsoni in the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 529, 63, 10.3354/meps11288

Landry, 2017, Protistan microzooplankton and the trophic position of tuna: quantifying the trophic link between micro- and mesozooplankton in marine food webs, ICES J. Mar. Sci., 74, 1885, 10.1093/icesjms/fsx006

Lawrence, 2018, Viruses on the menu: the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica efficiently removes viruses from seawater, Limnol. Oceanogr., 63, S244, 10.1002/lno.10734

Logan, 2008, Lipid corrections in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses: comparison of chemical extraction and modelling methods, J. Anim. Ecol., 77, 838, 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01394.x

Lombard, 2010, Experimental and modeling evidence of appendicularian-ciliate interactions, Limnol. Oceanogr., 55, 77, 10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0077

McClain-Counts, 2017, Trophic structure of mesopelagic fishes in the Gulf of Mexico revealed by gut content and stable isotope analysis, Mar. Ecol., 38, e12449, 10.1111/maec.12449

Menard, 2014, Stable isotope patterns in micronekton from the Mozambique Channel, Deep Sea Res. Part II, 100, 153, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.10.023

Metfies, 2014, Molecular analyses of gut contents: elucidating the feeding of co-occuring salps in the Lazarev Sea from a different perspective, Antarct. Sci., 26, 545, 10.1017/S0954102014000157

Minagawa, 1984, Stepwise enrichment of 15N along food chains: Further evidence and the relation between δ15N and animal age, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 1135, 10.1016/0016-7037(84)90204-7

Montagnes, 2010, The protozooplankton-ichthyoplankton trophic link: an overlooked aspect of aquatic food webs, J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 57, 223, 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2010.00476.x

Montoya, 1992, Natural abundance of 15N in particulate nitrogen and zooplankton in the Gulf Stream region and warm-core ring 86A, Deep Sea Res, 39, S363, 10.1016/S0198-0149(11)80020-8

O’Reilly, 2002, Interpreting stable isotopes in food webs: recognizing the role of time averaging at different trophic levels, Limnol. Oceanogr., 47, 306, 10.4319/lo.2002.47.1.0306

Pakhomov, 2006, The tunicate Salpa thompsoni ecology in the Southern Ocean. I. Distribution, biomass, demography and feeding ecophysiology, Mar. Biol., 149, 609, 10.1007/s00227-005-0225-9

Peterson, 1987, Stable isotopes in ecosystem studies, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 18, 293, 10.1146/annurev.es.18.110187.001453

Pethybridge, 2018, Improving marine ecosystem models with biochemical tracers, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 10, 199, 10.1146/annurev-marine-121916-063256

Pinkerton, 2013, Diet and trophic niche of Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, J. Fish Biol., 82, 141, 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03476.x

Post, 2002, Using stable isotopes to estimate trophic position: Models, methods, and assumptions, Ecology, 83, 703, 10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[0703:USITET]2.0.CO;2

Rau, 1990, 13C/12C and 15N/14N variations among size-fractionated marine particles: implications for their origin and trophic relationships, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 59, 33, 10.3354/meps059033

Richoux, 2009, Plankton trophodynamics at the subtropical convergence, Southern Ocean, J. Plankton Res., 31, 1059, 10.1093/plankt/fbp054

Stowasser, 2012, Food web dynamics in the Scotia Sea in summer: a stable isotope study, Deep Sea Res. Part II, 59–60, 208, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2011.08.004

Sutherland, 2010, Filtration of submicrometer particles by pelagic tunicates, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 107, 15129, 10.1073/pnas.1003599107

Tiselius, 2016, Daily changes in ∂15N and ∂13C stable isotopes in copepods: equilibrium dynamics and variations of trophic level in the field, J. Plankton Res., 38, 751, 10.1093/plankt/fbv048

Trull, 2008, Insights into nutrient assimilation and export in naturally iron-fertilized waters of the Southern Ocean from nitrogen, carbon and oxygen isotopes, Deep Sea Res. Part II, 55, 820, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.035

Vander Zanden, 1999, Primary consumer ∂13C and ∂15N and the trophic position of aquatic consumers, Ecology, 80, 1395, 10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[1395:PCCANA]2.0.CO;2

Vander Zanden, 2001, Variation in ∂15N and ∂13C trophic fractionation: Implications for aquatic food web studies, Limnol. Oceanogr., 46, 2061, 10.4319/lo.2001.46.8.2061

Vargas, 2004, Zooplankton feeding ecology: clearance and ingestion rates of the salps Thalia democratica, Cyclosalpa affinis and Salpa cylindrica on naturally occurring particles in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, J. Plankton Res., 26, 827, 10.1093/plankt/fbh068

von Harbou, 2011, Salps in the Lazarev Sea, Southern Ocean: I. Feeding dynamics, Mar. Biol., 158, 2009, 10.1007/s00227-011-1709-4

Wada, 1987, 15N and 13C abundances in the Antarctic Ocean with emphasis on the biogeochemical structure of the food web, Deep Sea Res, 34, 829, 10.1016/0198-0149(87)90039-2

Waite, 2007, Food web structure in two counter-rotating eddies based on δ15N and δ13C isotopic analyses, Deep Sea Res. Part II, 54, 1055, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2006.12.010

Waite, 2007, Oceanography, primary production and dissolved inorganic nitrogen uptake in two Leeuwin Current eddies, Deep Sea Res. Part II, 54, 981, 10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.03.001

Walters, 2018, Diet and trophic interactions of a circumglobally significant gelatinous marine zooplankter, Dolioletta gegenbauri (Uljanin, 1884), Mol. Ecol., 2018, 1

Wong, 1978, Fractionation of stable carbon isotopes by marine phytoplankton, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 42, 1809, 10.1016/0016-7037(78)90236-3

Wu, 1997, Nitrogen isotope variations in the subarctic northeast Pacific: relationships to nitrate utilization and trophic structure, Deep Sea Res. Part 1, 44, 287, 10.1016/S0967-0637(96)00099-4