Use of Dietary Supplements for Weight Loss in the United States: Results of a National Survey

Obesity - Tập 16 Số 4 - Trang 790-796 - 2008
Janine L. Pillitteri1, Saul Shiffman1, Jeffrey M. Rohay1, Andrea M. Harkins2, Steven L. Burton2, Thomas A. Wadden3
1Pinney Associates
2GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
3Weight and Eating Disorders Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Tóm tắt

We examined dietary supplement use for weight loss and perceptions about safety, efficacy, and regulatory oversight of these products. A random digit‐dialed telephone survey was conducted in 2005–2006, with a representative sample of 3,500 US adults. The survey assessed the beliefs and practices related to weight control. Outcome measures included the prevalence of dietary supplement use for weight reduction, demographic profile of supplement users, and knowledge about safety, efficacy, and regulation of dietary supplements. Of the adults who made a serious weight‐loss attempt (n = 1,444), 33.9% reported ever using a dietary supplement for weight loss. Supplement use was more common among women (44.9%) vs. men (19.8%); those aged 25–34; African Americans (48.7%) or Hispanics (41.6%) vs. whites (31.2%); less educated (38.4% high school degree or less vs. 31.1% some college or more); lower income households (41.8% made <$40K vs. 30.3% made ≥$40K); obese (40.7%) vs. overweight (29.1%); those who made more lifetime weight‐loss attempts (42.0% made ≥3 vs. 22.1% made <3); and those who used more weight‐loss methods (48.2% used ≥4 vs. 25.2% used <4). Many users and non‐users of dietary supplements had misperceptions about these products—many believed they are evaluated for safety and efficacy by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before marketing, and that dietary supplements are safer than over‐the‐counter (OTC) or prescription medications. Use of dietary supplements for weight loss is common. More information about dietary supplements is necessary to correct misperceptions and encourage the use of safe and effective weight‐loss methods.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

National Institutes of Health, 2000, The Practical Guide. Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults

Sports nutrition & weight loss markets VI, 2006, Nutr Bus J, 1

10.1080/20014091091661

10.1016/j.jada.2005.02.028

10.1331/154434504322713246

10.1093/ajcn/79.4.529

U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1995, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

10.1111/j.1745-7599.2003.tb00415.x

10.1111/j.1467-789X.2005.00169.x

10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01749-7

U.S. Federal Trade Commission.Federal Trade Commission Reaches “New Year's” Resolutions with Four Major Weight‐Control Pill Marketers. Washington DC. <http:www.ftc.govopa200701weightloss.shtm> (2007). Accessed 17 May 2007.

10.1001/jama.289.12.1537

10.1038/sj.ijo.0802023

U.S. Department of Health and Human Service. U.S. Food and Drug Administration.Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.FDA Announces Rule Prohibiting Sale of Dietary Supplements Containing Ephedrine Alkaloids Effective April 12. College Park MD. <http:www.fda.govbbstopicsNEWS2004NEW01050.html> (2004). Accessed 21 May 2007.

American Association for Public Opinion Research.Standard Definitions: Final Dispositions of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Surveys 4th edn. AAPOR: Lenexa KS 2006.

World Health Organization, 1998, Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity

10.1016/j.jada.2006.12.009

10.1016/j.amepre.2006.03.016

ClelandRL GrossWC KossLD DaynardM. MuoioKM.Weight‐Loss Advertising: An Analysis of Current Trends. A Report of the Staff of the Federal Trade Commission. Washington DC. <http:www.ftc.govbcpreportsweightloss.pdf> (2002). Accessed 17 May 2007.

10.1177/1090198103255456

10.5993/AJHB.30.4.3

Harris Interactive Health Care News. 2002.Widespread Ignorance of Regulation and Labeling of Vitamins Minerals and Food Supplements According to a National Harris Interactive Survey. Rochester NY. <http:harrisinteractive.comnewsallnewsbydate.aspNewsID560> (2002). Accessed 17 May 2007.

10.1001/archinte.167.9.966

10.1001/jama.295.13.1549

10.1001/jama.279.19.1548

10.1592/phco.20.9.877.35200

Tsai AG, 2005, Systematic review: an evaluation of major commercial weight loss programs in the United States, Ann Int Med, 142, 55

10.1001/jama.286.17.2160

10.1016/j.eatbeh.2006.01.004

10.1001/archinte.161.13.1581

10.1001/archinte.160.7.898

10.1001/archinte.166.18.1968

10.1001/archinte.161.6.805

10.1016/j.amepre.2004.05.006

Steeh C., 2001, Are they really as bad as they seem? Nonresponse rates at the end of the twentieth century, J Official Stat, 17, 227

10.1089/obe.2007.0004

Committee on the Framework for Evaluating the Safety of Dietary Supplements, 2005, Dietary Supplements. A Framework for Evaluating Safety

10.1001/jama.289.12.1568

10.1037/0022-006X.70.3.510