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Hình ảnh đô thị: Tài trợ cho các dự án hạ tầng lớn tại Lagos, Nigeria
Tóm tắt
Trong thế giới toàn cầu hóa ngày nay, các dự án hạ tầng lớn đã trở thành một trong những chiến lược phổ biến nhất để thu hút vốn tư nhân và định vị lại các thành phố trên bối cảnh cạnh tranh. Dự án Megacity Lagos (LMCP) được khởi xướng nhằm giải quyết cuộc khủng hoảng hạ tầng kéo dài và tái định hình Lagos thành một megacity hiện đại. Sử dụng LMCP làm nghiên cứu điển hình, bài báo đã xem xét các thách thức đối với việc tài trợ cho các dự án hạ tầng lớn. Đặc biệt chú ý đến cách thức mobil hóa vốn, loại hình liên minh hoặc mạng lưới được hình thành và những ưu tiên. Bài báo quan sát rằng liên minh giữa chính phủ liên bang, chính phủ bang Lagos và bang Ogun để mobil hóa quỹ công đã nhanh chóng đổ vỡ chủ yếu do các tranh chấp có thể truy xuất liên quan đến việc phân bổ trách nhiệm tài chính và chính trị cũng như phân phối chức năng giữa các cấp chính phủ khác nhau. Dưới LMCP, đã xuất hiện các tranh chấp giữa chính phủ liên bang và chính phủ bang Lagos (LSG) về trách nhiệm của mỗi bên. Lịch sử chính trị đối kháng và hệ thống phân bổ tài nguyên chính trị hóa cao cũng đã làm cho việc hợp tác giữa hai bên trở nên đặc biệt khó khăn. Hơn nữa, LMCP đã đánh dấu một nỗ lực đổi mới của LSG nhằm thu hút đầu tư tư nhân thông qua quan hệ đối tác công-tư. Bài báo đã chỉ ra nhiều vấn đề nhưng quan trọng là có sự ưu tiên dành cho các dự án của giới tinh hoa, một thực tiễn đang củng cố sự loại trừ xã hội-không gian và xác nhận những bất bình đẳng dai dẳng đi kèm với các dự án tân tự do và hiện đại. Ở cấp độ rộng nhất, bài báo chỉ ra cách mà các dự án hiện đại bị chia rẽ hoặc bị suy yếu bởi những ý thức hệ và thực tiễn cụ thể.
Từ khóa
#Dự án hạ tầng lớn #Lagos #kinh tế đô thị #quan hệ đối tác công-tư #công bằng xã hội.Tài liệu tham khảo
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