Unveiling the potential of acidified cow dung in combination with plant growth promoting endophytes on growth, physiology, and yield improvement of maize in salt-affected soil

Muhammad Naveed1, Rabail Zulekha1, Khuram Shehzad Khan1,2, Noman Younas1, Muhammad Farhan Qadeer1, Martin Brtnicky3,4, Jiri Holatko4,5, Adnan Mustafa3,4,6
1Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
3Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
4Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
5Agrovyzkum Rapotin, Rapotin, Czech Republic
6Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

Tóm tắt

Salinity is a critical abiotic stress which adversely affects crop productivity worldwide. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the response of acidulated cow dung (ACD) along with or without Bacillus sp. MN54 for promoting the growth and antioxidant activity of maize under normal and saline soil conditions. The experimental design consisted of salinity levels (ECe 1.5, 6, and 12 dS m−1) established via sodium chloride (NaCl) salt, along with endophytic strain MN54 and ACD addition (2.5%). Results showed that salinity negatively influenced the growth and yield of maize, but the combined application of organic input and bacterial strain Bacillus sp. MN54 significantly improved root and shoot fresh weight (73 and 69%), dry biomass (49 and 57%), physiological attributes (2 times increase) soil as compared to control soil. Similarly, higher (2 ×) uptake of NPK and maximum colonization of rhizosphere and root, shoot was observed through the combined application of ACD and Bacillus sp. MN54 relative to control. The findings of this study revealed that acidulated amendment along with endophyte MN54 reduced the oxidative stress and improved antioxidant enzymatic activity by plant-rhizosphere colonization, which could be an effective and sustainable approach for better growth, physiological, biochemical, and nutritional attributes, and yield characteristics of maize grown in saline conditions.

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