Unseen wounds: The contribution of psychological maltreatment to child and adolescent mental health and risk outcomes.

Joseph Spinazzola1, Hilary Hodgdon1, Li–Jung Liang2, Julián D. Ford3, Christopher M. Layne4, Robert S. Pynoos4, Ernestine C. Briggs5, Bradley Stolbach6, Cassandra Kisiel7
1The Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute, Brookline, MA, US
2Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, US
3Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Medical School, CT, US
4National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Los Angeles, CA, US
5National Center for Child Traumatic Stress, Durham, NC, US
6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, US
7Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, US

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