Unmet Needs in Respiratory Diseases

Liu W, Peng B, Lu Y, Xu W, Qian W, Zhang JY (2011) Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens as biomarkers in cancer immunodiagnosis. Autoimmun Rev 10:331–335 Kuo CH, Kuo HF, Huang CH, Yang SN, Lee MS, Hung CH (2013) Early life exposure to antibiotics and the risk of childhood allergic diseases: an update from the perspective of the hygiene hypothesis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi 46:320–329 Velazquez JR, Teran LM (2011) Chemokines and their receptors in the allergic airway inflammatory process. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 41:76–88 Walsh GM (2013) Profile of reslizumab in eosinophilic disease and its potential in the treatment of poorly controlled eosinophilic asthma. Biologics 7:7–11 Abonia JP, Putnam PE (2011) Mepolizumab in eosinophilic disorders. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 7:411–417 Wechsler ME (2013) Inhibiting interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 in difficult-to-control asthma. N Engl J Med 368:2511–2513 Wenzel S, Ford L, Pearlman D et al (2013) Dupilumab in persistent asthma with elevated eosinophil levels. N Engl J Med 368:2455–2466 Gershwin ME, Albertson TE (2012) The practical understanding and treatment of asthma. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:1–2 Chang C (2012) Asthma in children and adolescents: a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:98–137 Matucci A, Vultaggio A, Ridolo E, Maggi E, Canonica GW, Rossi O (2012) Asthma: developments in targeted therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 8:13–15 Vatti RR, Teuber SS (2012) Asthma and pregnancy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:45–56 Adams JY, Sutter ME, Albertson TE (2012) The patient with asthma in the emergency department. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:14–29 Kenyon NJ, Morrissey BM, Schivo M, Albertson TE (2012) Occupational asthma. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:3–13 Louie S, Morrissey BM, Kenyon NJ, Albertson TE, Avdalovic M (2012) The critically ill asthmatic—from ICU to discharge. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:30–44 Leong AB, Ramsey CD, Celedon JC (2012) The challenge of asthma in minority populations. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:156–183 Zeki AA, Kenyon NJ, Yoneda K, Louie S (2012) The adult asthmatic. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:138–155 Belgrave DC, Custovic A, Simpson A (2013) Characterizing wheeze phenotypes to identify endotypes of childhood asthma, and the implications for future management. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 9:921–936 Lazic N, Roberts G, Custovic A et al (2013) Multiple atopy phenotypes and their associations with asthma: similar findings from two birth cohorts. Allergy 68:764–770 Curtin JA, Simpson A, Belgrave D, Semic-Jusufagic A, Custovic A, Martinez FD (2013) Methylation of IL-2 promoter at birth alters the risk of asthma exacerbations during childhood. Clin Exp Allergy 43:304–311 Poon AH, Hamid Q (2012) Asthma endotypes: the right direction towards personalized medicine for asthma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 8:595–596 Melen E, Himes BE, Brehm JM et al (2010) Analyses of shared genetic factors between asthma and obesity in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 126(631–637):e631–e638 Bhat KD, Calhoun WJ (2011) Symptom-adjusted therapy in asthma: it is time to listen to our patients. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 7:259–261 Rommens JM, Zengerling-Lentes S, Kerem B, Melmer G, Buchwald M, Tsui LC (1989) Physical localization of two DNA markers closely linked to the cystic fibrosis locus by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Am J Hum Genet 45:932–941 Kerem B, Rommens JM, Buchanan JA et al (1989) Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: genetic analysis. Science 245:1073–1080 Buchwald M, Tsui LC, Riordan JR (1989) The search for the cystic fibrosis gene. Am J Physiol 257:L47–L52 Tsui LC (1989) Tracing the mutations in cystic fibrosis by means of closely linked DNA markers. Am J Hum Genet 44:303–306 Tsui LC, Rommens JM, Burns J et al (1988) Progress towards cloning the cystic fibrosis gene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 319:263–273 Duncan AM, Buchwald M, Tsui LC (1988) In situ hybridization of two cloned chromosome 7 sequences tightly linked to the cystic fibrosis locus. Cytogenet Cell Genet 49:309–310 Tsui LC, Plavsic N, Markiewicz D et al (1987) Molecular approaches to the cystic fibrosis gene. Prog Clin Biol Res 254:73–87 Tsui LC, Buchwald M, Barker D et al (1985) Cystic fibrosis locus defined by a genetically linked polymorphic DNA marker. Science 230:1054–1057 Knowlton RG, Cohen-Haguenauer O, Van Cong N et al (1985) A polymorphic DNA marker linked to cystic fibrosis is located on chromosome 7. Nature 318:380–382 Tsui LC, Cox DW, McAlpine PJ, Buchwald M (1985) Cystic fibrosis: analysis of linkage of the disease locus to red cell and plasma protein markers. Cytogenet Cell Genet 39:238–239 Tsui LC, Zsiga M, Kennedy D, Plavsic N, Markiewicz D, Buchwald M (1985) Cystic fibrosis: progress in mapping the disease locus using polymorphic DNA markers. I. Cytogenet Cell Genet 39:299–301 Tsui LC, Buetow K, Buchwald M (1986) Genetic analysis of cystic fibrosis using linked DNA markers. Am J Hum Genet 39:720–728 Tsui LC, Zengerling S, Willard HF, Buchwald M (1986) Mapping of the cystic fibrosis locus on chromosome 7. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 51(Pt 1):325–335 Tsui LC, Rommens JM, Burns J et al (1988) Progress towards cloning the cystic fibrosis gene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci 319:263–273 Capecchi MR (2005) Gene targeting in mice: functional analysis of the mammalian genome for the twenty-first century. Nat Rev Genet 6:507–512 Capecchi MR (2000) How close are we to implementing gene targeting in animals other than the mouse? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:956–957 Capecchi MR (1994) Targeted gene replacement. Sci Am 270:52–59 Capecchi MR (1989) The new mouse genetics: altering the genome by gene targeting. Trends Genet TIG 5:70–76 Ratcliff R, Evans MJ, Cuthbert AW et al (1993) Production of a severe cystic fibrosis mutation in mice by gene targeting. Nat Genet 4:35–41 Ratcliff R, Evans MJ, Doran J, Wainwright BJ, Williamson R, Colledge WH (1992) Disruption of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene in embryonic stem cells by gene targeting. Transgenic Res 1:177–181 Smithies O, Maeda N (1995) Gene targeting approaches to complex genetic diseases: atherosclerosis and essential hypertension. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:5266–5272 Smithies O, Kim HS (1994) Targeted gene duplication and disruption for analyzing quantitative genetic traits in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:3612–3615 Koller BH, Kim HS, Latour AM et al (1991) Toward an animal model of cystic fibrosis: targeted interruption of exon 10 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene in embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:10730–10734 Smithies O, Powers PA (1986) Gene conversions and their relation to homologous chromosome pairing. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci 312:291–302 Smithies O (1986) Direct alteration of a gene in the human genome. J Inherit Metab Dis 9(Suppl 1):92–97 Burney TJ, Davies JC (2012) Gene therapy for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Appl Clin Genet 5:29–36 Ferec C, Cutting GR (2012) Assessing the disease—liability of mutations in CFTR. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2:a009480 Rowe SM, Borowitz DS, Burns JL et al (2012) Progress in cystic fibrosis and the CF Therapeutics Development Network. Thorax 67:882–890 Borchers AT, Chang C, Gershwin ME, Gershwin LJ (2013) Respiratory syncytial virus—a comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. doi:10.1007/s12016-013-8368-9 Shaw CA, Ciarlet M, Cooper BW et al (2013) The path to an RSV vaccine. Curr Opin Virol 3:332–342 Anderson LJ, Dormitzer PR, Nokes DJ, Rappuoli R, Roca A, Graham BS (2013) Strategic priorities for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine development. Vaccine 31(Suppl 2):B209–B215 Beeler JA, Eichelberger MC (2013) Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines for infants: safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy. Microb Pathog 55:9–15 Castilow EM, Olson MR, Varga SM (2007) Understanding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine-enhanced disease. Immunol Res 39:225–239 Openshaw PJ, Culley FJ, Olszewska W (2001) Immunopathogenesis of vaccine-enhanced RSV disease. Vaccine 20(Suppl 1):S27–S31 Schickli JH, Kaur J, Tang RS (2012) Nonclinical phenotypic and genotypic analyses of a phase 1 pediatric respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate MEDI-559 (rA2cp248/404/1030DeltaSH) at permissive and non-permissive temperatures. Virus Res 169:38–47 Meijboom MJ, Pouwels K, Luytjes W, Postma MJ, Hak E (2013) RSV vaccine in development: assessing the potential cost-effectiveness in the Dutch elderly population. Vaccine. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.023 Kurzweil V, Tang R, Galinski M et al (2013) Translational sciences approach to RSV vaccine development. Expert Rev Vaccines 12:1047–1060 Rigter A, Widjaja I, Versantvoort H et al (2013) A protective and safe intranasal RSV vaccine based on a recombinant prefusion-like form of the F protein bound to bacterium-like particles. PloS one 8:e71072 Yang CF, Wang CK, Malkin E et al (2013) Implication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F transgene sequence heterogeneity observed in phase 1 evaluation of MEDI-534, a live attenuated parainfluenza type 3 vectored RSV vaccine. Vaccine 31:2822–2827 Fretzayas A, Papadopoulou A, Kotzia D, Moustaki M (2012) The recent progress in RSV vaccine technology. Recent Patents Anti-Infect Drug Discov 7:237–241 Blanco JC, Boukhvalova MS, Shirey KA, Prince GA, Vogel SN (2010) New insights for development of a safe and protective RSV vaccine. Hum Vaccines 6:482–492 Schickli JH, Dubovsky F, Tang RS (2009) Challenges in developing a pediatric RSV vaccine. Hum Vaccines 5:582–591 Zeng R, Zhang Z, Mei X, Gong W, Wei L (2008) Protective effect of a RSV subunit vaccine candidate G1F/M2 was enhanced by a HSP70-like protein in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 377:495–499 Tang RS, Spaete RR, Thompson MW et al (2008) Development of a PIV-vectored RSV vaccine: preclinical evaluation of safety, toxicity, and enhanced disease and initial clinical testing in healthy adults. Vaccine 26:6373–6382 Singh SR, Dennis VA, Carter CL et al (2007) Immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant RSV-F vaccine in a mouse model. Vaccine 25:6211–6223 Benoit A, Huang Y, Proctor J, Rowden G, Anderson R (2006) Effects of alveolar macrophage depletion on liposomal vaccine protection against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Clin Exp Immunol 145:147–154 Gonzalez IM, Karron RA, Eichelberger M et al (2000) Evaluation of the live attenuated cpts 248/404 RSV vaccine in combination with a subunit RSV vaccine (PFP-2) in healthy young and older adults. Vaccine 18:1763–1772 Whitehead SS, Hill MG, Firestone CY et al (1999) Replacement of the F and G proteins of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroup A with those of subgroup B generates chimeric live attenuated RSV subgroup B vaccine candidates. J Virol 73:9773–9780 Herlocher ML, Ewasyshyn M, Sambhara S et al (1999) Immunological properties of plaque purified strains of live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for human vaccine. Vaccine 17:172–181 Crowe JE Jr (1995) Current approaches to the development of vaccines against disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus (PIV). A meeting report of the WHO Programme for Vaccine Development. Vaccine 13:415–421 Zaman K (2010) Tuberculosis: a global health problem. J Health Popul Nutr 28:111–113 Wallis RS, Pai M, Menzies D et al (2010) Biomarkers and diagnostics for tuberculosis: progress, needs, and translation into practice. Lancet 375:1920–1937 Pokkali S, Das SD, Logamurthy R (2008) Expression of CXC and CC type of chemokines and its receptors in tuberculous and non-tuberculous effusions. Cytokine 41:307–314 Sutherland JS, Hill PC, Adetifa IM et al (2011) Identification of probable early-onset biomarkers for tuberculosis disease progression. PloS One 6:e25230 Mustafa T, Mogga SJ, Mfinanga SG, Morkve O, Sviland L (2006) Immunohistochemical analysis of cytokines and apoptosis in tuberculous lymphadenitis. Immunology 117:454–462 Akgun M, Saglam L, Kaynar H et al (2005) Serum IL-18 levels in tuberculosis: comparison with pneumonia, lung cancer and healthy controls. Respirology 10:295–299 Song CH, Lee JS, Nam HH et al (2002) IL-18 production in human pulmonary and pleural tuberculosis. Scand J Immunol 56:611–618 Subramanyam S, Hanna LE, Venkatesan P, Sankaran K, Narayanan PR, Swaminathan S (2004) HIV alters plasma and M. tuberculosis-induced cytokine production in patients with tuberculosis. J Interferon Cytokine Res Off J Int Soc Interferon Cytokine Res 24:101–106 Sutherland JS, de Jong BC, Jeffries DJ, Adetifa IM, Ota MO (2010) Production of TNF-alpha, IL-12(p40) and IL-17 can discriminate between active TB disease and latent infection in a West African cohort. PloS One 5:e12365 Schierloh P, Aleman M, Yokobori N et al (2005) NK cell activity in tuberculosis is associated with impaired CD11a and ICAM-1 expression: a regulatory role of monocytes in NK activation. Immunology 116:541–552 Fujiuchi S, Matsumoto H, Yamazaki Y et al (2003) Impaired interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) activity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Disease Off J Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis 7:1109–1112 Lee JS, Song CH, Kim CH et al (2002) Profiles of IFN-gamma and its regulatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-18 and IL-10) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Clin Exp immunol 128:516–524 Demangel C, Palendira U, Feng CG, Heath AW, Bean AG, Britton WJ (2001) Stimulation of dendritic cells via CD40 enhances immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Infect Immun 69:2456–2461 Song CH, Kim HJ, Park JK et al (2000) Depressed interleukin-12 (IL-12), but not IL-18, production in response to a 30- or 32-kilodalton mycobacterial antigen in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Infect Immun 68:4477–4484 Thaiss CA, Kaufmann SH (2010) Toward novel vaccines against tuberculosis: current hopes and obstacles. Yale J Biol Med 83:209–215 Clemens J, Holmgren J, Kaufmann SH, Mantovani A (2010) Ten years of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization: challenges and progress. Nat Immunol 11:1069–1072 Kaufmann SH, Hussey G, Lambert PH (2010) New vaccines for tuberculosis. Lancet 375:2110–2119 Parida SK, Kaufmann SH (2010) Novel tuberculosis vaccines on the horizon. Curr Opin Immunol 22:374–384 Leung CC, Lange C, Zhang Y (2013) Tuberculosis: current state of knowledge: an epilogue. Respirology 18(7):1047–1055 Leung CC (2013) 2012: The year in review. Part II: tuberculosis and lung disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 17:1151–1159 Luca S, Mihaescu T (2013) History of BCG vaccine. Maedica 8:53–58 Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zheng H et al (2013) Genome sequencing and analysis of BCG vaccine strains. PloS One 8:e71243 Upadhyay P (2013) Tuberculosis vaccine trials. Lancet 381:2253–2254 Behr MA, Schwartzman K, Pai M (2013) Tuberculosis vaccine trials. Lancet 381:2252–2253 Hokey DA, Ginsberg A (2013) The current state of tuberculosis vaccines. Hum Vaccines Immunother 9(10). doi:10.4161/hv.25427 Orme IM (2013) Vaccine development for tuberculosis: current progress. Drugs 73:1015–1024 Lalvani A, Sridhar S, Fordham von Reyn C (2013) Tuberculosis vaccines: time to reset the paradigm? Thorax 68:1092–1094 Bishai W, Sullivan Z, Bloom BR, Andersen P (2013) Bettering BCG: a tough task for a TB vaccine? Nat Med 19:410–411 Ma Z, Lienhardt C, McIlleron H, Nunn AJ, Wang X (2010) Global tuberculosis drug development pipeline: the need and the reality. Lancet 375:2100–2109 Cherry JD (2013) Pertussis: challenges today and for the future. PLoS Pathog 9:e1003418 Leroux-Roels G (2010) Unmet needs in modern vaccinology: adjuvants to improve the immune response. Vaccine 28(Suppl 3):C25–C36 Rosenthal J, Rodewald L, McCauley M et al (2004) Immunization coverage levels among 19- to 35-month-old children in 4 diverse, medically underserved areas of the United States. Pediatrics 113:e296–e302 Hon KL (2013) Severe respiratory syndromes: travel history matters. Travel Med Infect Dis 11:285–287 Lelli D, Papetti A, Sabelli C, Rosti E, Moreno A, Boniotti MB (2013) Detection of coronaviruses in bats of various species in Italy. Viruses 5:2679–2689 Drexler JF, Corman VM, Drosten C (2013) Ecology, evolution and classification of bat coronaviruses in the aftermath of SARS. Antiviral Res 101:45–56 Ge XY, Li JL, Yang XL et al. (2013) Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor. Nature 503:535–538 Cheng VC, Chan JF, To KK, Yuen KY (2013) Clinical management and infection control of SARS: lessons learned. Antiviral Res 100:407–419 Hui DS (2013) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): lessons learnt in Hong Kong. J Thorac Dis 5:S122–S126 Chan PK, Chan MC (2013) Tracing the SARS-coronavirus. J Thorac Dis 5:S118–S121 To KK, Hung IF, Chan JF, Yuen KY (2013) From SARS coronavirus to novel animal and human coronaviruses. J Thorac Dis 5:S103–S108 Hajjar SA, Memish ZA, McIntosh K (2013) Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a perpetual challenge. Ann Saudi Med 33:427–436 Al-Tawfiq JA (2013) Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus infection: an overview. J Infect Public Health 6:319–322 Geng H, Tan W (2013) A novel human coronavirus: Middle East respiratory syndrome human coronavirus. Science China Life Sci 56:683–687 MMWR (2013) Update: Recommendations for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 62:793–796 Gomersall CD, Joynt GM (2013) Middle East respiratory syndrome: new disease, old lessons. Lancet 381:2229–2230 Lu L, Liu Q, Du L, Jiang S (2013) Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): challenges in identifying its source and controlling its spread. Microbes Infect Inst Pasteur 15:625–629 Lim PL, Lee TH, Rowe EK (2013) Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS CoV): update 2013. Curr Infect Dis Rep 15:295–298 Mailles A, Blanckaert K, Chaud P et al. (2013) First cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections in France, investigations and implications for the prevention of human-to-human transmission, France, May 2013. Euro surveillance: bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles=European communicable disease bulletin 18 MMWR (2013) Update: severe respiratory illness associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)—worldwide, 2012–2013. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 62:480–483 Hilgenfeld R, Peiris M (2013) From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses. Antivir Res 100:286–295 Lu G, Hu Y, Wang Q et al (2013) Molecular basis of binding between novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV and its receptor CD26. Nature 500:227–231 Kallenberg CG (2011) Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis: where to go? Clin Exp Immunol 164(Suppl 1):1–3 Kallenberg CG (2011) Pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, an update. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 41:224–231 Cohen Tervaert JW, Damoiseaux J (2012) Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies: how are they detected and what is their use for diagnosis, classification and follow-up? Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:211–219 Kallenberg CG (2012) Treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis, where to go? Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 43:242–248 Cartin-Ceba R, Peikert T, Specks U (2012) Pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 14:481–493 Gomez-Puerta JA, Gedmintas L, Costenbader KH (2013) The association between silica exposure and development of ANCA-associated vasculitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 12:1129–1135 Ben-Zvi I, Kivity S, Langevitz P, Shoenfeld Y (2012) Hydroxychloroquine: from malaria to autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 42:145–153 Ben-Ami Shor D, Harel M, Eliakim R, Shoenfeld Y (2013) The hygiene theory harnessing helminths and their ova to treat autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 45:211–216 Rook GA (2012) Hygiene hypothesis and autoimmune diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 42:5–15 Aujnarain A, Mack DR, Benchimol EI (2013) The role of the environment in the development of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 15:326 Grossman C, Dovrish Z, Shoenfeld Y, Amital H (2011) Do infections facilitate the emergence of systemic sclerosis? Autoimmun Rev 10:244–247 Farhat SC, Silva CA, Orione MA, Campos LM, Sallum AM, Braga AL (2011) Air pollution in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a review. Autoimmun Rev 11:14–21 Chighizola C, Meroni PL (2012) The role of environmental estrogens and autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 11:A493–A501 Agmon-Levin N, Mosca M, Petri M, Shoenfeld Y (2012) Systemic lupus erythematosus one disease or many? Autoimmun Rev 11:593–595 Lessard CJ, Ice JA, Adrianto I et al (2012) The genomics of autoimmune disease in the era of genome-wide association studies and beyond. Autoimmun Rev 11:267–275 Obama B (2007) The genomics and Personalized Medicine Act of 2006. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol H&O 5:39–40 Costenbader KH, Gay S, Alarcon-Riquelme ME, Iaccarino L, Doria A (2012) Genes, epigenetic regulation and environmental factors: which is the most relevant in developing autoimmune diseases? Autoimmun Rev 11:604–609 Oertelt-Prigione S (2012) The influence of sex and gender on the immune response. Autoimmun Rev 11:A479–A485 Singh RP, Waldron RT, Hahn BH (2012) Genes, tolerance and systemic autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 11:664–669 Bianchi I, Lleo A, Gershwin ME, Invernizzi P (2012) The X chromosome and immune associated genes. J Autoimmun 38:J187–J192 Bogdanos DP, Smyk DS, Rigopoulou EI et al (2012) Twin studies in autoimmune disease: genetics, gender and environment. J Autoimmun 38:J156–J169 Martinez FD, Vercelli D (2013) Asthma. Lancet 382:1360–1372 Slager RE, Hawkins GA, Li X, Postma DS, Meyers DA, Bleecker ER (2012) Genetics of asthma susceptibility and severity. Clin Chest Med 33:431–443 Macneal K, Schwartz DA (2012) The genetic and environmental causes of pulmonary fibrosis. Proc Am Thorac Soc 9:120–125 Yang IV (2012) Epigenomics of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Epigenomics 4:195–203 Raviglione MC, Uplekar MW (2006) WHO’s new Stop TB Strategy. Lancet 367:952–955