Undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 5–10 years in West Bengal, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - 2021
Amitava Pal1, Sourav Manna2, Rishna Dalui3, Ranjan Mukhopadhyay1, Prakash Chandra Dhara4
1Department of Physiology, City College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700009, India
2Department of Physiology, National Medical College, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal
3Department of Physiology, Panskura Banamali College, Panskura, Purba Midnapore, West Bengal, India
4Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background In the previous few decades, India has made significant progress in reducing child mortality and fertility rates; yet, undernutrition remains one of the country’s primary public health issues. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of child malnutrition in West Bengal, India, as well as the risk factors linked with it. In diverse districts of West Bengal, a community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken utilizing multi-stage stratified cluster sampling followed by systematic random sampling. Anthropometric, individual, and household characteristics were collected from 2070 children in this study. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated. The levels and factors related with child undernutrition were studied using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Stunting, underweight, and thinness were shown to be prevalent in 25.48%, 33%, and 26.88% of children, respectively. With age, the likelihood of a child becoming malnourished increased. In comparison with girls, boys had a greater chance of being malnourished. Separately, parental educational and occupational statuses were linked to child malnutrition. Undernourished children were more likely to have a mother who was uneducated or undereducated (stunting: OR = 1.46; underweight: OR = 1.49; thinness: OR = 1.49). Children from economically disadvantaged families were more likely to be malnourished. Children from households with untreated drinking water and poor sanitation were more likely to be malnourished. Conclusions The current study showed that there are several risk variables linked to child malnutrition. Undernutrition was caused by illiteracy, filthy drinking water, and poor sanitation, all of which were independent risk factors.

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