Ultrastructure and Composition of the Nannochloropsis gaditana Cell Wall

American Society for Microbiology - Tập 13 Số 11 - Trang 1450-1464 - 2014
Matthew J. Scholz1, Taylor L. Weiss2, Robert E. Jinkerson1, Jing Jia3, Robyn Roth4, Ursula Goodenough2, Matthew C. Posewitz1, Henri Gerken5
1Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
2Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
3CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and BioEnergy Genome Center, Qindao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
4Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
5Arizona Center for Algal Technology and Innovation, Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona, USA

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACT Marine algae of the genus Nannochloropsis are promising producers of biofuel precursors and nutraceuticals and are also harvested commercially for aquaculture feed. We have used quick-freeze, deep-etch electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and carbohydrate analyses to characterize the architecture of the Nannochloropsis gaditana (strain CCMP 526) cell wall, whose recalcitrance presents a significant barrier to biocommodity extraction. The data indicate a bilayer structure consisting of a cellulosic inner wall (∼75% of the mass balance) protected by an outer hydrophobic algaenan layer. Cellulase treatment of walls purified after cell lysis generates highly enriched algaenan preparations without using the harsh chemical treatments typically used in algaenan isolation and characterization. Nannochloropsis algaenan was determined to comprise long, straight-chain, saturated aliphatics with ether cross-links, which closely resembles the cutan of vascular plants. Chemical identification of >85% of the isolated cell wall mass is detailed, and genome analysis is used to identify candidate biosynthetic enzymes.

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American Society for Microbiology

Tập 13 Số 11

1450-1464

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