Ultrasonographic evaluation of haemodynamic flow changes to the hip in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Correlation with risk factors for osteonecrosis

Filaho, 2007, Disease activity as a major risk factor for osteonecrosis in early systemic lupus erythematosus, Lupus, 16, 239, 10.1177/0961203307076771 Rajpura, 2011, Medical management of osteonecrosis of the hip: a review, Hip Int, 21, 385, 10.5301/HIP.2011.8538 Mont, 2006, Non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: ten years later, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 88, 1117 Watson, 2004, Avascular necrosis and bone marrow edema syndrome, Radiol Clin North Am, 42, 207, 10.1016/S0033-8389(03)00166-0 Caramaschi, 2012, Osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: an early, frequent, and not always symptomatic complaint, Autoimmune Dis, 2012 Nagaswa, 2005, Very early development of steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head in systemic lupus erythematosus: prospective study by MRI, Lupus, 14, 385, 10.1191/0961203305lu2103oa Zonana, 2000, Damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with corticosteroids, Arthritis Rheum, 43, 1801, 10.1002/1529-0131(200008)43:8<1801::AID-ANR16>3.0.CO;2-O Tektonidou, 2003, Asymptomatic avascular necrosis in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome in the absence of corticosteroid use: a prospective study by resonance imaging, Arthritis Rheum, 48, 732, 10.1002/art.10835 Launder, 1981, Hemodynamics of the femoral head, J Bone Joint Surg, 63, 442, 10.2106/00004623-198163030-00019 Chung, 1976, The arterial supply of the developing proximal end of the human femur, J Bone Joint Surg, 58, 961, 10.2106/00004623-197658070-00011 Tachdjian, 1968, Response of the hip joint to increased intra-articular hydrostatic pressure, Clin Orthop, 61, 199, 10.1097/00003086-196811000-00021 Tan, 1982, The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus, Arthritis Rheum, 25, 1271, 10.1002/art.1780251101 Bombardier, 1992, Derivation of the SLEDAI: a disease activity index for lupus patients. The Committee on Prognosis Studies in SLE, Arthritis Rheum, 35, 630, 10.1002/art.1780350606 Ota, 2005, Quantitative vascular measurements in arterial occlusive disease, Radiographics, 25, 1141, 10.1148/rg.255055014 Evans, 1989, 297 Lee, 2007, Evaluation of haemodynamic flow to the hip in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, Scand J Rheumatol, 36, 36, 10.1080/03009740600906826 Kim, 2005, Hemodynamic evaluation of flow to the femur head in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, Korean J Med, 69, 183, 10.3904/kjm.2013.85.2.183 Graif, 1998, Colour Doppler hemodynamic evaluation of flow to normal hip, J Ultrasound Med, 17, 275, 10.7863/jum.1998.17.5.275 Mont, 1997, Risk factors for osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus, J Rheumatol, 24, 4 Mok, 1998, Risk factors for avascular bone necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus, Br J Rheumatol, 37, 895, 10.1093/rheumatology/37.8.895 Ghaleb, 2011, Avascular necrosis of bone in SLE, Egypt Rheumatol, 33, 27, 10.1016/j.ejr.2010.09.002 Colwell, 1996, Osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients with inflammatory arthritis or asthma receiving corticosteroid therapy, Orthopedics, 19, 941, 10.3928/0147-7447-19961101-07 Gontero, 2015, Osteonecrosis in SLE, Reumatol Clin, 11, 151, 10.1016/j.reuma.2014.05.005 Houzou, 2018, Osteonecrosis of the femoral head among Rheumatology patients in Kara (Togo), Egypt Rheumatol, 40, 123, 10.1016/j.ejr.2017.07.007 Zizic, 1985, Corticosteroid therapy associated with ischemic necrosis of bone in systemic lupus erythematosus, Am J Med, 36, 27 Kalla, 1986, Early treatment of avascular necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus, Ann Rheum Dis, 45, 649, 10.1136/ard.45.8.649 Aranow, 1997, Clinically occult avascular necrosis of the hip in systemic lupus erythematosus, J Rheumatol, 24, 2318 Rascu, 1996, Osteonecrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus, steroid induced or a lupus-dependent manifestation?, Lupus, 5, 323, 10.1177/096120339600500414 Cozen, 1998, Avascular necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical associations and 47-year perspective, Am J Orthop, 27, 352 Houssiau, 1998, Magnetic resonance imaging – detected avascular necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: lack of correlation with antiphospholipid antibodies, Br J Rheumatol, 37, 448, 10.1093/rheumatology/37.4.448 Asherson, 1995, Avascular necrosis of bone and antiphospholipid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus, J Rheumatol, 20, 284 Ibanez, 2005, Adjusted mean systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index-2K is a predictor of outcome in SLE, J Rheumatol, 32, 824 Weiner, 1989, Aseptic necrosis and glucocorticosteroids in systemic lupus erythematosus: a re-evaluation, J Rheumatol, 16, 604