Ultrasonic Removal of Clogging and Evaluation of Flow Capacity of Geotextile Drain
Tóm tắt
Clogging of geotextile drains is very common when used in fine-grained soil geo-structure such as reinforced earth retaining wall, slopes, embankments. As on date the index properties of the embedded drains are usually standardized with respect to factory-defined parameters. This paper explains the application of ultrasonic excitation for the removal of clogging of geotextiles drains extracted from two fine-grained soils, Kanto Loam, a naturally occurring soil in Japan and a commercially available clayey silt, whose drainage capacity was tested with consolidation from slurry stage. The mechanism of ultrasound for the cleaning of clogging as well as various other similar industrial applications has been explained. The amounts fine-grained soil entrapped within geotextile pores, before and after cleansing in an ultrasonic water tub was evaluated. Several terms, such as clogging index, clogging potential, cleansing efficiency, have been explained and evaluated based on the experimental data. The in-plane and cross-plane flows of clogged geotextile drains, both before and after ultrasonic cleaning, showed that cleansing efficiency was greater than 80%, which were irrespective of the type of geotextile selected and the nature of clogging by both fine-grained soils. Compared to the clogged geotextile specimens’ transmissivity and permittivity recovered nearly to 75% and above after ultrasonic cleaning. The importance of geotextile drains under confinement and in situ removal of its clogging by ultrasonics is elaborated.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Koerner RM (2012) Designing with Geosynthetics, 6th edn., vol 1. Xlibris Publishing Co., New York (ISBN: 9781462882885)
Shukla SK (2012) Handbook of geosynthetics gngineering: geosynthetics and their applications. ICE Publishing, London
Bo MW, Choa V, Wong KS (2002) Compression test on a slurry using a small-scale consolidometer. Can Geotech J 39:388–398
Ghosh C (2004) Improvement of clogging and flow characteristics of fine-grained soils using hybrid drain system with geosynthetics. Dr. Engg. Dissertation, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
Koerner RM, Lord AE, Hsuan YG (1988) Long-term durability and ageing of geotextiles. Geotext Geomembr 7:147–158
Rollin A, Lombard G (1988) Mechanisms affecting long-term filtration behaviour of geotextiles. Geotext Geomembr 7:119–145
Veylon G, Stoltz G, Mériaux P, Faure YH, Touze-Foltz N (2016) Performance of geotextile filters after 18 years’ service in drainage trenches. Geotext Geomembr 44:515–533
Zornberg JG, Thompson N (2010) Guide for the application and selection of geotextiles. Center for Transportation Research (CTR), Document 0-5812-P1, Austin, Texas, November, p 16
Zornberg JG, Azevedo M, Sikkema M, Odgers B (2017) Geosynthetics with enhanced lateral drainage capabilities in roadway systems. Transp Geotech. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2017.08.008
Ghosh C, Yasuhara K (2004) Clogging and flow characteristic of a geosynthetic drain confined in soils undergoing consolidation. Geosynth Int 11(1):147–154 (Online ISSN: 1883–146X PRINT ISSN: 1344–6193)
Maheshwari BK, Gunjagi DA (2008) Filtration and clogging behavior of geotextiles with roorkee soils. Geotech Geol Eng 26:101–107
Koerner RM, Koerner GR (2015) Lessons learned from geotextile filter failures under challenging field conditions. Geotext Geomembr 43:272–281
Lee KW, Jeon HY, Zornberg JG (2010) Interpretation of clogging effects on the hydraulic behavior of ion treated geotextiles. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on geosynthetics, 9ICG, Guarujá, Brazil, vol 3, pp 1245–1249
Palmeria EM, Gardoni MG (2000) Influence of partial clogging and pressure on the behavior of Geotextiles in drainage system. Geosynth Int 7:403–431
Palmeira EM, Gardoni MG (2002) Drainage and filtration properties of non-woven geotextiles under confinement using different experimental techniques. Geotext Geomembr 20:97–115
Palmeira EM, Tatto J, Araujo GLS (2012) Sagging and filtration behavior of nonwoven geotextiles overlying different bedding materials. Geotext Geomembr 31:1–14
Junquiera FF, Silva ARL, Palmeira E (2006) Performance of drainage systems incorporating geosynthetics and their effect on leachate properties. Geotext Geomembr 24:311–324
Miszkowska A, Stanislav L, Eugeniusz K (2017) Changes of permeability of nonwoven geotextiles due to clogging and cyclic water flow in laboratory conditions. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Park JB, Park HS, Kim D (2013) Geosynthetic reinforcement of sand-mat layer above soft ground. Materials 6:5314–5334
Nahar K, Ferdous W, Mofiz SA, Ferdous K (2010) A simplified mechanism for the vertical permeability test of geo-textile. Int J Civ Environ Eng 10:29–33
Paul P, Tota-Maharaj K (2015) Laboratory studies on granular filters and their relationship to geotextiles for stormwater pollutant reduction. Water 7:1595–1609
Recio J, Oumeraci H (2008) Hydraulic permeability of structures made of geotextile sand containers; laboratory tests and conceptual model. Geotext Geomembr 26:473–487
Ghosh C, Yasuhara K (2003) Flow characteristics of HYBRID drain system confined in fine-grained soil. Geosynth Eng J 18:291–298
Sarabia RE, Gallego-Juárez JA, Rodríguez-Corral G, Elvira-Segura L, González-Gómez L (2000) Application of high-power ultrasound to enhance fluid/solid particle separation processes. Ultrasonics 38(1–8):642–646
Mandrone G (2016) An ultrasonic prototype to remedy pipes clogging: experimental effects on drains used for landslide mitigation. Bull Eng Geol Environ 75(920):673–680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-015-0833-7
Kohata Y, Tanaka M, Sato O, Hirai T (2006) Clogging evaluation on cross-plane flow performance of geotextile filter. In: Proceedings of the 8th international conference on geosynthetics, Yokohama, Japan, pp 561–564
Nishigata T, Fannin RJ, Vaid YP (2000) Blinding and clogging of a nonwoven geotextile. Soils Found 40:121–127