UV index values and trends in Santiago, Chile (33.5°S) based on ground and satellite data

Sergio Cabrera1, Adriana Ipiña2, Alessandro Damiani3, Raul R. Cordero3, Rubén D. Piacentini2,4
1Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Programa Biología Celular y Molecular, Santiago, Chile
2Instituto de Física Rosario (CONICET – Universidad Nacional de Rosario), Rosario, Argentina
3Departamento de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
4Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina

Tài liệu tham khảo

Cede, 2002, Monitoring of erythemal irradiance in the Argentine ultraviolet network, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 10.1029/2001JD001206 Cede, 2004, TOMS-derived erythemal irradiance versus measurements at the stations of the Argentine UV Monitoring Network, J. Geophys. Res., 109 G. Seckmeyer, A. Bais, G. Bernhard, M. Blumthaler, K. Lantz, R.L. McKenzie, B. Johnsen, Instruments to measure solar ultraviolet radiation. Part 3: Multi-channel filter instruments, 55 pages, WMO-GAW Report 190, TD 5037, 2010. WMO (World Meteorological Organization). Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project—Report No. 50, 2007, 572 pp, Geneva, Switzerland. <www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ozone_2006/ozone_asst_report.html>. Madronich, 1997, Theoretical estimation of biologically effective UV radiation at the Earth’s surface, 23 McKenzie, 2001, Satellite retrievals of erythemal UV dose compared with ground-based measurements at northern and southern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 24,051, 10.1029/2001JD000545 A.F. Bais et al. Surface Ultraviolet Radiation: Past, Present, and Future. Chapter 7 of the WMO-UNEP Report: Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. <www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ozone_2006/ozone_asst_report.html>. Morata, 2008, Characterisation of aerosol from Santiago, Chile: an integrated PIXE-SEM-EDX study, Environ. Geol., 56, 81, 10.1007/s00254-007-1141-8 A. Oyanadel, D. Painemal, J.-F. Léon, I. Chiapello, L. Gallardo, Aerosol loading over Santiago de Chile (33°.3′S 70°.5′W, 500m.a.s.l.): a comparison between satellite and in situ measurements, in: Proceedings of 8 ICSHMO, Foz do Iguazu, Brazil, April 24–28, 2006 INPE, pp. 149–155. Rutlland, 1995, Meteorological air pollution potential for Santiago, Chile: towards and objective episode forecasting, Environ. Monit. Assess., 34, 223, 10.1007/BF00554796 Rutlland, 2004, Episodes of strong flow down the western slope of the subtropical Andes, Mon. Weather Rev., 132, 611, 10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132<0611:EOSFDT>2.0.CO;2 Zhou, 2009, An improved tropospheric NO2 retrieval for OMI observations in the vicinity of mountainous terrain, Atmos. Meas. Technol., 2, 401, 10.5194/amt-2-401-2009 Zhou, 2010, Accounting for surface reflectance anisotropy in satellite retrievals of tropospheric NO2, Atmos. Meas. Technol., 3, 1185, 10.5194/amt-3-1185-2010 Wuttke, 2006, New spectroradiometers complying with the NDSC standards, J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 241, 10.1175/JTECH1826.1 G. Seckmeyer, A. Bais, G. Bernhard, M. Blumthaler, C.R. Booth, P. Disterhoft, P. Eriksen, R.L. McKenzie, M. Miyauchi, C. Roy, Part 1: Spectral Instruments to Measure Solar Ultraviolet Radiation WMO-GAW Report No. 125 (Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization), 2001. Cabrera, 1999, Interannual variations of global UV radiation in Santiago (33.5°S), Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2945, 10.1029/1999GL010828 Micheletti, 2003, Sensitivity of biologically active UV radiation to stratospheric ozone changes: effects of action spectrum shape, Photochem. Photobiol., 78, 456, 10.1562/0031-8655(2003)078<0456:SOBAUR>2.0.CO;2 Diaz, 2005, Multichannel radiometer calibration: a new approach, Appl. Opt., 44, 5374, 10.1364/AO.44.005374 Diaz, 2008, Ozone and UV radiation over southern South America: climatology and anomalies, Photochem. Photobiol., 82, 834, 10.1562/2005-09-26-RA-697 Vernet, 2009, Quality of UVR exposure for different biological systems along a latitudinal gradient, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 8, 1329, 10.1039/b904540f Cordero, 2008, Cosine error influence on ground-basedspectral UV irradiance measurements, Metrologia, 45, 406, 10.1088/0026-1394/45/4/005 Bernhard, 2005, Real-time ultraviolet and column ozone from multichannel ultraviolet radiometers deployed in the National Science Foundation’s ultraviolet monitoring network, Opt. Eng., 44, 041011, 10.1117/1.1887195 Johnsen, 2008, Intercomparison and harmonization of UV index measurements from multiband filter radiometers, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15206, 10.1029/2007JD009731 Madronich, 1998, Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth´s surface, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol., 46, 5, 10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00182-1 United Nation Environment Programme (UNEP). Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion and its Interactions with Climate Change: 2010 Assessment. Chapter 1. Ozone depletion and climate change: Impacts on UV radiation R.L. McKenzie, P.J. Aucamp, A.F. Bais, L.O. Björn, M. Ilyas, S. Madronich, 2010. <http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/EEAP/eeap-report2010.pdf>. Krotkov, 1998, Satellite estimation of spectral surface UV irradiance in the presence of tropospheric aerosols: 1. Cloud-free case, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8779, 10.1029/98JD00233 Tanskanen, 2006, Surface ultraviolet irradiance from OMI, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote, 44, 1267, 10.1109/TGRS.2005.862203 J. van Geffen, A.R. van der, M. van Weele, M. Allaart, H. Eskes, Surface UV radiation monitoring based on GOME and SCIAMACHY, 2005, in: Proceedings of the ENVISAT & ERS Symposium, 6–10 September 2004, Salzburg, Austria, ESA publication SP-572, 2005. Cabrera, 1995, Variation in UV radiation in Chile, J. Photochem. Photobiol. – B., 28, 137, 10.1016/1011-1344(94)07103-U Pfeifer, 2006, Effects of altitude and aerosol on UV radiation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, DO1203, 10.1029/2005JD006444 McKenzie, 2001, Satellite retrievals of erythemal UV dose compared with ground based measurements at northern and southern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 24051, 10.1029/2001JD000545 A. Cede. Erythemal UV in Argentina: Measurements, Climatological Interpretation and Comparison with Satellite-Derived Data. Doctoral Thesis, University of Innsbruck, Austria, 2001. Fioletov, 2004, UV index climatology over North America from ground-based and satellite estimates, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D22308, 10.1029/2004JD004820 Tanskanen, 2007, Validation of daily erythemal doses from ozone monitoring instrument with ground-based UV measurement data, J. Geophys. Res., 10.1029/2007JD008830 Kazadzis, 2009, Ozone Monitoring Instrument spectral UV irradiance products: comparison with ground based measurements at an urban environment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 585, 10.5194/acp-9-585-2009 Antón, 2010, Comparison of UV irradiances from Aura/Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) with Brewer measurements at El Arenosillo (Spain) – Part 1: Analysis of parameter influence, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5979, 10.5194/acp-10-5979-2010 Kazadzis, 2009, Spatial and temporal UV irradiance and aerosol variability within the area of an OMI satellite pixel, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4593, 10.5194/acp-9-4593-2009 Jacobson, 1998, Isolating the causes and effects of large ultraviolet reductions in Los Angeles, J. Aerosol. Sci., 29, S655, 10.1016/S0021-8502(98)90510-9 McKenzie, 2008, Effects of urban pollution on UV spectral irradiances, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5683, 10.5194/acp-8-5683-2008 Kaufmann, 1998, Smoke, cloud and radiation – Brazil SCAR-B experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 731, 10.1029/98JD02281 Piacentini, 2004, Determination of the UV solar risk in Argentina with high-resolution maps calculated using TOMS ozone climatology, Adv. Space Res., 34, 2215, 10.1016/j.asr.2003.06.031 Verdes, 2001, Predictions of the maximum amplitude for the solar cycle 23 and its subsequent behaviour using nonlinear methods, Solar Phys., 191, 419, 10.1023/A:1005202814071 Piacentini, 2003, Extreme solar global and UV irradiances due to cloud effect measured near the summer solstice at the high altitude desertic plateau Puna of Atacama, J. Atmos. Solar Terrestrial Phys., 65, 727, 10.1016/S1364-6826(03)00084-1 Dahlback, 2007, UV measurements in the 3000–5000m altitude region in Tibet, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D09308, 10.1029/2006JD007700