Two Decades’ Variation of Trace Elements in Bones of the Endangered East Asian Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena asaeorientalis sunameri) from the East China Sea, China
Tóm tắt
There has been increasing concern about trace element accumulation in finless porpoises over the past decades, while the long-term variation of its concentration has been little known. Since most soft tissues of porpoises in the past were not preserved until now, the bone tissue is the only ideal material available. Here, 27 East Asian finless porpoise bone samples collected from Nantong, the East China Sea during two periods (1984–1992 and 2009) were used to explore the temporal variation of nine typical elements’ concentration (Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Hg, Cr, Pb, As, and Cd, dry weight). An upward trend for total trace element accumulation from 329.04 mg/kg in 1984–1992 to 1535.81 mg/kg in 2009 was found; this could have resulted from the increasing industrial development in the Nantong region. The Mn, Fe, and As levels increased significantly while the concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb significantly decreased. Generally, our results suggested that most trace elements posed low threats to East Asian finless porpoises’ health during both periods, while elements Mn (2009), Ni (both periods), Fe (2009), and As (2009) posed a potentially higher health risk to porpoises. Thus, the trace element levels warrant concern and continuous monitoring.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alonso-Magdalena P, Tudurí E, Marroquí L, Quesada I, Sargis RM, Nadal A (2018) Toxic effects of common environmental pollutants in pancreatic β-cells and the onset of diabetes mellitus. In: Riviere J, Monteiro-Riviere N (eds) Reference module in biomedical sciences. Elsevier
Kim SG, Kim SS, Choi HG, An YR (2011) Concentrations of trace metals in the tissues of long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) in the East Sea, Korea. Ocean Sci J 46:55–62
Yilmaz AB, Sangun MK, Yaglioglu D, Turan C (2010) Metals (major, essential to non-essential) composition of the different tissues of three demersal fish species from İskenderun Bay, Turkey. Food Chem 123(2):410–415
Storelli MM, Zizzo N, Marcotrigiano GO (1999) Heavy metals and methylmercury in tissues of Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus) and Cuvier’s beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) stranded in Italy (South Adriatic Sea). B Environ Contam Tox 63:703–710
Hu Y, Qi S, Wu C, Ke Y, Chen J, Chen W, Gong X (2012) Preliminary assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface water and sediments from Honghu Lake, East Central China. Front Earth Sci Chin 6:39–47
Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG, Patlolla AK, Sutton DJ (2012) Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. EXS 101:133–164
Yi Y, Zhang S (2012) The relationships between fish heavy metal concentrations and fish size in the upper and middle reach of Yangtze River. Procedia Environ Sci 13:1699–1707
Yu R, Ji J, Yuan X, Song Y, Wang C (2012) Accumulation and translocation of heavy metals in the canola (Brassica napus L.)—soil system in Yangtze River Delta, China. Plant Soil 353:33–45
Kamrin MA, Ringer RK (1994) PCB residues in mammals: a review. Toxicol Environ Chem 41:63–84
Tanabe S, Iwata H, Tatsukawa R (1994) Global contamination by persistent organochlorines and their ecotoxicological impact on marine mammals. Sci Total Environ 154:163–177
Zhou X, Guang X, Sun D, Xu S, Li M, Seim I et al (2018) Population genomics of finless porpoises reveal an incipient cetacean species adapted to freshwater. Nat Commun 9:1276
Macdonald RW, Mackay D, Hickie BE (2002) Contaminant amplification in the environment. Environ Sci Technol 36:4918–4924
Letcher RJ, Bustnes JO, Dietz R, Jenssen BM, Jorgensen EH, Sonne C, Verreault J, Vijayan MM, Gabrielsen GW (2010) Exposure and effects assessment of persistent organohalogen contaminants in arctic wildlife and fish. Sci Total Environ 408:2995–3043
Gulland FMD, Hall AJ (2007) Is marine mammal health deteriorating? Trends in the global reporting of marine mammal disease. EcoHealth 4:135–150
Yang J, Yin J, Xu HL, Gong XQ, Yu RP, Wang D (2005) The ingestion and accumulation of zinc, copper, lead, cadmium and arsenic in the Yangtze finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis. Acta Hydrobiol Sin 29:557–563 (In Chinese)
Hung CLH, Lau RKF, Lam JCW, Jefferson TA, Hung SK, Lam MHW, Lam PKS (2007) Risk assessment of trace elements in the stomach contents of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins and finless porpoises in Hong Kong waters. Chemosphere 66:1175–1182
Liu J, Chen B, Jefferson TA, Wang H, Yang G (2016) Trace element concentrations, risks and their correlation with metallothionein genes polymorphism: a case study of narrow-ridged finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) in the East China Sea. Sci Total Environ 575:628–638
Xu TY, Yao SC, Fan MN, Tang WQ (2016) Concentration and distribution of trace elements in finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri) in Yangtze River estuary. Chinese Journal of Zoology 51(1):22–32 (In Chinese)
Zhang X, Yu RQ, Xian S, Ding Y, Chen H, Xi C, Wu Y (2017) Tissue partition and risk assessments of trace elements in Indo-Pacific finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) from the Pearl River Estuary coast, China. Chemosphere 185:1197–1207
Yang L, Yu D, Lu P (1988) Studies on the levels of some metals and organichlorine compounds in Lipotes vexillifer and Neophocaena phocaenoides. Acta Theriologica Sinica 8(2):122–127
Das K, Siebert U, Fontaine M, Jauniaux T, Holsbeek L, Bouquegneau J (2004) Ecological and pathological factors related to trace metal concentrations in harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from the North Sea and adjacent areas. Marine Ecology Progr 281:283–295
O’Hara TM, Hanns C, Bratton GR, Taylor RJ, Woshner V (2006) Essential and non-essential elements in eight tissue types from subsistencehunted bowhead whale: nutritional and toxicological assessment. Int J Circumpolar Health 65(3):228–242
Auðunsson G.A, Vikingsson GA (2013) Concentrations of mercury and other trace elements in Minke whales from Icelandic waters. Paper SC/F13/SP23 Presented to the IWC SP Expert Panel, Reykjavik, p. 20. Available from the IWC https://iwc.int/home. Accessed Dec 2016.
Borrell A, Clusa M, Aguilar A, Drago M (2015) Use of epidermis for the monitoring of tissular trace elements in Mediterranean striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). Chemosphere 122:288–294
Lavery TJ, Kemper CM, Ken S, Schultz CG, Peter C, Mitchell JG, Laurent S (2009) Heavy metal toxicity of kidney and bone tissues in south Australian adult bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus). Mar Environ Res 67:1–7
Cáceres-Saez I, Panebianco MV, Perez-Catà S, Dellabianca NA, Negri MF, Ayala CN, Goodall RNP, Cappozzo HL (2016) Mineral and essential element measurements in dolphin bones using two analytical approaches. Chem Ecol 32(7):638–652
Glimcher MJ (2006) Bone: nature of the calcium phosphate crystals and cellular, structural, and physical chemical mechanisms in their formation. Rev Mineral Geochem 64:223–282
Honda K, Fujise Y, Itano K, Tatsukawa R (1984) Composition of chemical components in bone of striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba: distribution characteristics of heavy metals in various bones. Agric Biol Chem 48(3):677–683
Evtimova V, Parvanov D, Grozdanov A, Dimitrov K, Tserkova F, Yordanov S, Velina Y, Petrova E, Yordanova Y, Delov V (2018) Cetacean mortality along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast during 2017. Zoonotes 134:1–4
Liu N, Li X, Zhang D, Liu Q, Xiang L, Liu K, Yan D, Li Y (2017) Distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from the Nantong Coast, China. Mar Pollut Bull 114(1):571–576
Huang S, Tu J, Liu H, Hua M, Liao Q, Feng J, Weng Z, Huang G (2009) Multivariate analysis of trace element concentrations in atmospheric deposition in the Yangtze River Delta, East China. Atmos Environ 43(36):5781–5790
Tu NP, Ha NN, Matsuo H, Tuyen BC, Tanabe S, Takeuchi I (2012) Biomagnification profiles of trace elements through the food web of an integrated shrimp mangrove farm in Ba Ria Vung Tau, South Vietnam. Am J Environ Sci 8(2):117–129
Sample BE, Opresko DM, Suter GW (1996) Toxicological benchmarks for wildlife: 1996 revision. Lockheed Martin Energy Systems
CCME (1998) Protocol for the derivation of Canadian tissue residue guidelines for the protection of wildlife that consume aquatic biota. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg
USEPA (1995) Great Lakes water quality initiative technical support document for wildlife criteria. Office of Science and technology. Office of Water, Washington, DC
USEPA (1989) Risk-assessment guidance for superfund. Volume 1. Human health evaluation manual. Part A. Interim report (Final). Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC (USA). Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Waste, Washington, DC
Chumlea WC, Wisemandle W, Guo SS, Siervogel RM (2002) Relations between frame size and body composition and bone mineral status. Am J Clin Nutr 75:1012–1016
Gao A, Zhou KY (1993) Growth and reproduction of three populations of finless porpoise (Neophocaena pkocaenoides) in Chinese waters. Aquat Mamm 16:3–12
Borrell A, Bloch D, Desportes G (1995) Age trends and reproductive transfer of organochlorine compounds in long-finned pilot whale from Faroe Islands. Environ Pollut 88(3):283–292
Ko FC, We NY, Chou LS (2014) Bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in stranded cetaceans from Taiwan coastal waters. J Hazard Mater 277:127–133
Xiong X, Qian Z, Mei Z, Wu J, Hao Y, Wang K, Wu C, Wang D (2019) Trace elements accumulation in the Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) – a threat to the endangered freshwater cetacean. Sci Total Environ 686:797–804
Yang J, Miyazaki N, Yang J, Miyazaki N (2003) Moisture content in Dall’s porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli) tissues: a reference base for conversion factors between dry and wet weight trace element concentrations in cetaceans. Environ Pollut 121(3):345–347
Zaichick V (2013) Data for the reference man: skeleton content of chemical elements. Radiat Environ Bioph 52:65–85
Delgado J, Nieto JM, Boski T (2010) Analysis of the spatial variation of heavy metals in the Guadiana estuary sediments (SW Iberian Peninsula) based on GIS-mapping techniques. Estuar Coast Shelf S 88:71–83
Mil-Homens M, Vale C, Raimundo J, Pereira P, Brito P, Caetano M (2014) Major factors influencing the elemental composition of surface estuarine sediments: the case of 15 estuaries in Portugal. Mar Pollut Bull 84:135–146
Wagemann R, Muir DCG (1984) Concentrations of heavy metals and organochlorines in marine mammals of northern waters: overview and evaluation. Western Region, Department of Fisheries and Ocean, Canada
Jirillo E, Caccavo D, Magrone T, Piccigallo E, Amati L, Lembo A, Kalis C, Gumenscheimer M (2002) The role of the liver in the response to LPS: experimental and clinical findings. J Endotoxin Res 8:319–327
Babula P, Masarik M, Vojtech A (2012) Mammalian metallothioneins: properties and functions. Metallomics 4:739–750
Parsons EC (1999) Trace element concentrations in the tissues of cetaceans from Hong Kong’s territorial waters. Environ Conserv 26(1):30–40
Frodello JP, Marchand B (2001) Cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in five toothed whale species of the Mediterranean Sea. Int J Toxicol 20:339–343
Lavery TJ, Butterfield N, Kemper CM, Reid RJ, Sanderson KJ (2008) Metals and selenium in the liver and bone of three dolphin species from South Australia, 1988-2004. Sci Total Environ 390:77–85
Han ZX, Zhu Z, Wu DD, Liu YR (2012) Distributation and implications of heavy metal in Jiangsu coastal sediments in China. Adv Mater Res 549:957–960
Law RJ, Stringer RL, Allchin CR, Jones BR (1996) Metals and organochlorines in sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) stranded around the North Sea during the 1994/1995 winter. Mar Pollut Bull 32:72–77
Jefferson TA, Hung SK (2004) Neophocaena phocaenoides. Mamm Species:1–12
Vighi M, Borrell A, Aguilar A (2017) Bone as a surrogate tissue to monitor metals in baleen whales. Chemosphere 171:81–88
Méndez-Fernandez P, Webster L, Chouvelon T, Bustamante P, Ferreira M, Gonzalez AF et al (2014) An assessment of contaminant concentrations in toothed whale species of the NW Iberian Peninsula: part II. Trace element concentrations. Sci Total Environ 484:206–217
Tran TT, Chowanadisai W, Crinella FM, Chiczdemet A, Lonnerdal B (2002) Effect of high dietary manganese intake of neonatal rats on tissue mineral accumulation, striatal dopamine levels, and neurodevelopmental status. Neurotoxicology 23(4):635–643
Bilandžic N, Sedak M, Đokic M, Gomercic MĐ, Gomercic T, Zadravec M et al (2012) Toxic element concentrations in the bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus), striped (Stenella coeruleoalba) and Risso’s (Grampus griseus) dolphins stranded in eastern Adriatic Sea. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 89(3):467–473
Shrivastava R, Upreti RK, Seth PK, Chaturvedi UC (2002) Effects of chromium on the immune system. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 34(1):1–7
Pellisso SC, Munoz MJ, Carballo M, Sanchezvizcaino JM (2008) Determination of the immunotoxic potential of heavy metals on the functional activity of bottlenose dolphin leukocytes in vitro. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 121(3):189–198
Shohamfrider E, Goffman O, Harlavan Y, Kress N, Morick D, Roditielasar M et al (2016) Trace elements in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the eastern Mediterranean: a 10-years perspective. Mar Pollut Bull 109(1):624–632
Yasuda Y, Horai S, Itai T, Isobe T, Matsuishi T, Yamada T, Tajima Y, Takahashi S, Tanabe S (2012) A comparative study on temporal trends of trace elements in harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from coastal waters of North Japan. Interdiscip Stud Environ Chem 6:151–159
Honda K, Tatsukawa R, Itano K, Miyazaki N, Fujiyama T (1983) Heavy metal concentrations in muscle, liver and kidney tissue of striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba, and their variations with body length, weight, age and sex. J Agr Chem Soc Jpn 47:1219–1228
Eisler R (1984) Trace metal changes associated with age of marine vertebrates. Biol Trace Elem Res 6:165–180
Lavery TJ, Roudnew B, Gill P, Seymour J, Seuront L, Johnson G, Mitchell JG, Smetacek V (2010) Iron defecation by sperm whales stimulates carbon export in the Southern Ocean. Proc Biol Sci 277:3527–3531
Hou Q, Yang Z, Ji J, Yu T, Chen G, Li J, Xia X, Zhang M, Yuan X (2014) Annual net input fluxes of heavy metals of the agro-ecosystem in the Yangtze River delta, China. J Geochem Explor 139:68–84
Huang S, Tu J, Jin Y, Hua M, Wu X, Xu W, Yang Y, Wang H, Su Y, Cai L (2018) Contamination assessment and source identification of heavy metals in river sediments in Nantong, Eastern China. Int J Environ Res 12:373–389
Ellingsen DG, Hetland SM, Thomassen Y (2003) Manganese air exposure assessment and biological monitoring in the manganese alloy production industry. J Environ Monitor 5:84–90
Duka YD, Ilchenko SI, Kharytonov MM, Vasylyeva TL (2011) Impact of open manganese mines on the health of children dwelling in the surrounding area. Emerg Health Threats J 4:7110
He F, Zhang Q, Lei J, Fu W, Xu X (2013) Energy efficiency and productivity change of China’s iron and steel industry: accounting for undesirable outputs. Energ Policy 54:204–213
Wang Y, Wang W (1987) Distribution patterns of heavy metals in farm soil and sediments from Yangtze River estuary. Rural Eco-Environ 1987(4):25–28 (In Chinese)
Fang M, Wu Y, Liu H, Jia Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wu M, Zhang C (2013) Distribution, sources and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of the Yangtze River estuary. Acta Sci Circumst 33(2):563–569 (In Chinese)
Jarup L (2003) Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Brit Med Bull 68:167–182
Fan T, Ye W, Chen H, Lu H, Zhang Y, Li D, Tang Z, Ma Y (2013) Review on contamination and remediation technology of heavy metal in agricultural soil. Ecol Environ Sci 22(10):1727–1736 (In Chinese)
Sun R, Gu J (1992) Analysis on the pesticide poisoning cases in Nantong during 1984-1990. J Nantong Univ Med Sci (2):157–159 (Title translated from Chinese)
Chen W (2016) Research on the reduction and control of chemical pesticide use in Nantong region. J Shanghai Agric Sci Tech 46(1):135–137 (Title translated from Chinese)
Yan Y (1993) Heavy metal pollution and its evaluation of economic fishes in Chinese coastal water. Marine Env Sci 12:99–103 (In Chinese)
Huang H, Ping X, Li L, Liao Y, Shen X (2011) Concentrations and evaluation of heavy metals in sea water, sediments and organisms of Yangtze River Estuary during springs and summers. Ecol Environ Sci 20(5):898–903 (In Chinese)
Desforges J, Sonne C, Levin M, Siebert U, De Guise S, Dietz R (2016) Immunotoxic effects of environmental pollutants in marine mammals. Environ Int 86:126–139
Jiang Q, You Z, Ni L, Qian P (2010) Pollution and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in river sediments of Nantong. Water Resour Prot 26(5):11–19 (In Chinese)