Bethea JR, Yancey Gillespie G, Benveniste EN (1992) Interleukin-1β induction of TNF-α gene expression: involvement of protein kinase C. J Cell Physiol 152:264–273
Brenner CA, Tam AW, Nelson PA, Engleman EG, Suzuki N, Fry KE, Larrick JW (1989) Message amplification phenotyping (MAPPing): a technique to simultaneously measure multiple mRNAs from small numbers of cells. Biotechniques 7:1096–1103
Chomczynski P, Sacchi N (1987) Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 162:156–159
Cristina N, Liaud MF, Santoro F, Oury B, Ambroise-Thomas P (1991) A family of repeated DNA sequences inToxoplasma gondii: cloning, sequence analysis, and use in strain characterization. Exp Parasitol 73:73–81
Darde ML, Bouteille B, Pestre-Alexandre M (1992) Isoenzyme analysis of 35Toxoplasma gondii isolates and the biological and epidemiological implications. J Parasitol 78:786–794
Frei K, Malipiero UV, Leist PT, Zinkernagel RM, Schwab ME, Fontana A (1989) On the cellular source and function of interleukin 6 produced in the central nervous system in viral diseases. Eur J Immunol 19:689–694
Friedland JS, Shattock RJ, Johnson JD, Remick DG, Holliman RE, Griffin GE (1993) Differential cytokine gene expression and secretion after phagocytosis by a human monocytic cell line ofToxoplasma gondii compared withMycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Exp Immunol 91:282–286
Grau GE, Tacchini-Cottier F, Piguet PF (1992) Is TNF beneficial or deleterious in toxoplasmic encephalitis? Parasitol Today 8:322–324
Hetier E, Ayala J, Bousseau A, Denèfle P, Prochiantz A (1990) Amoeboid microglial cells and not astrocytes synthesize TNF-α in Swiss mouse brain cell cultures. Eur J Neurosci 2:762–768
Hunter CA, Roberts CW, Alexander J (1992) Kinetics of cytokine mRNA production in the brains of mice with progressive toxoplasmic encephalitis. Eur J Immunol 22:2317–2322
Lanzillo JJ (1991) Chemiluminescent nucleic acid detection with digoxigenin-labeled probes: a model system with probes for angiotensin converting enzyme which detect less than one attomole of target DNA. Anal Biochem 194:45–53
Lee CJ, Simon LP, Young PR (1989) Constitutive and PMA induced interleukin-1 production by the human astrocytoma cell line T24. Cell Immunol 118:298–311
Lieberman AP, Pitha PM, Shin HS, Shin ML (1989) Production of tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines by astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or a neurotropic virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:6348–6352
Luft B, Remington JS (1992) Toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 15:211–222
Matsushima K, Taguchi M, Kovacs EJ, Young HA, Oppenheim JJ (1986) Intracellular localization of human monocyte associated interleukin 1 (IL 1) activity and release of biologically active IL 1 from monocytes by trypsin and plasmin. J Immunol 136:2883–2891
Nissou MF (1989) Etablissement et caractérisation de lignées cellulaires à partir de tumeurs cérébrales humaines PhD Thesis, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, Grenoble, France
Pelloux H, Chumpitazi BBF, Santoro F, Polack B, Vuillez JP, Ambroise-Thomas P (1992) Sera of patient with high titers of immunoglobulin G againstToxoplasma gondii induce secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha by human monocytes. Infect Immun 60:2672–2676
Rambaldi A, Bettoni S, Rossi V, Tini ML, Giudici G, Rizzo V, Bassan R, Mantovani A, Barbui T, Biondi A (1993) Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α genes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 83:204–211
Sparacio SM, Zhang Y, Vilcek J, Benveniste EN (1992) Cytokine regulation of interleukin-6 gene expression in astrocytes involves activation of an NF-κB-like nuclear protein. J Neuroimmunol 39:231–242
Wesselingh SL, Gough NM, Finlay Jones JJ, McDonald PJ (1990) Detection of cytokine mRNA in astrocyte cultures using the polymerase chain reaction. Lymphokine Res 9:177–185
Zenner L, Darcy F, Cesbron-Delaw MF, Capron A (1993) Rat model of congenital toxoplasmosis: rate of transmission of theToxoplasma gondii strains to the fetuses and protective effect of chronic infection. Infect Immun 61:360–363
Zhong WW, Burke PA, Hand T, Walsh MJ, Hughes LA, Armour Forse R (1993) Regulation of cytokine mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human macrophages. Arch Surg 128:158–164