Sự suy giảm cây cối ở đông nam Australia: Hoạt động của nitrate reductase và những chỉ dẫn về dinh dưỡng mất cân bằng trong các cộng đồng Eucalyptus ovata (Labill.) và E. camphora (R.T. Baker) tại Yellingbo, Victoria

Oecologia - Tập 98 - Trang 221-228 - 1994
L. Granger1, S. Kasel1, M. A. Adams1
1School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

Tóm tắt

Sự suy giảm của các quần thể Eucalyptus camphora/E. ovata bên bờ sông được xem xét liên quan đến sự gia tăng khả năng nitơ và độ mặn tăng ở các vùng thấp. Có nhiều dấu hiệu cho thấy các quần thể suy giảm lại giàu N một cách bất thường: (i) Khả năng nitơ trong các quần thể suy giảm cao hơn so với các rừng khác ở Australia, chủ yếu được chi phối bởi quá trình nitrat hóa và có sự biến đổi cực kỳ lớn. (ii) Nồng độ nitrat trong nước đất tự do từ rừng suy giảm ở khu vực khô hạn cao gấp nhiều lần so với rừng khỏe mạnh tương ứng. (iii) Tỷ lệ N/Mg trong lá của các cây suy giảm trên các khu vực khô hạn nằm ở mức cực đoan trong khoảng đã ghi nhận và tương tự như những gì tìm thấy trong các đồn điền eucalypt trên đất nông nghiệp. Ngoài ra, các khu vực mà các cây eucalypt tầng trên suy giảm đã bị xâm lấn bởi nhiều loại cỏ dại thảo mộc, hầu hết trong số đó có đặc điểm của thực vật ưa nitơ, ví dụ: hoạt động của nitrate reductase cao hơn ở các cỏ dại thảo mộc so với các loài tầng trên hoặc tầng dưới bản địa trong các quần thể E. camphora/E. ovata suy giảm và có liên quan trực tiếp đến nồng độ nitơ trong lá. Những quan sát này phù hợp với những gợi ý gần đây rằng các hệ sinh thái rừng có thể trở nên bão hòa N.

Từ khóa

#Eucalyptus #nitrogen availability #salinity #forest ecosystems #nitrate reductase #balanced nutrition

Tài liệu tham khảo

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