Treatment Selection and Outcomes: Renal Calculi

Lingeman, 2002, Surgical management of urinary lithiasis, 3362 Oppenheimer, 1937, Nephrectomy versus conservative operations in unilateral calculus disease of the upper urinary tract, Surg Gynecol Obstet, 65, 829 Bloom, 1989, Thomas Hillier and percutaneous nephrostomy, Urology, 33, 346, 10.1016/0090-4295(89)90285-9 Goodwin, 1955, Percutaneous trocar (needle) nephrostomy in hydronephrosis, JAMA, 157, 891, 10.1001/jama.1955.02950280015005 Fernstrom, 1976, Percutaneous pyelolithotomy: a new extraction technique, Scand J Urol Nephrol, 10, 257, 10.1080/21681805.1976.11882084 Kurth, 1977, Ultrasound litholapaxy of a staghorn calculus, J Urol, 117, 242, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)58414-1 Chaussy, 1980, Extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones by shock waves, Lancet, 2, 1265, 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)92335-1 Portis, 2003, Matched pair analysis of shock wave lithotripsy effectiveness for comparison of lithotriptors, J Urol, 169, 58, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64034-7 Young, 1929, Congenital valvular obstruction of the prostatic urethra, Surg Gynecol Obstet, 48, 509 Marshall, 1964, Fiberoptics in urology, J Urol, 91, 110, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)64066-7 Goodman, 1977, Ureteroscopy with pediatric cystoscope in adults, Urology, 9, 394, 10.1016/0090-4295(77)90213-8 Bagley, 1990, Removal of upper urinary tract calculi with flexible ureteropyeloscopy, Urology, 35, 412, 10.1016/0090-4295(90)80083-Y Lee, 1992, Percutaneous transperitoneal approach to the pelvic kidney for endoscopical removal of a calculus: three cases with two successes, J Endourol, 6, 133, 10.1089/end.1992.6.133 Schuessler, 1993, Laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty, J Urol, 150, 1795, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35898-6 Gaur, 1994, Retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy, J Urol, 151, 927, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35124-8 Micali, 1997, The role of laparoscopy in the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi, J Urol, 157, 463, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65173-5 Casale, 2004, Transperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy after failed percutaneous access in the pediatric patient, J Urol, 172, 680, 10.1097/01.ju.0000129462.23322.e0 Hamm, 2001, Unenhanced helical computed tomography in the evaluation of acute flank pain, Eur Urol, 39, 460, 10.1159/000052486 Smith, 1995, Acute flank pain: comparison of non-contrast-enhanced CT and intravenous urography, Radiology, 194, 789, 10.1148/radiology.194.3.7862980 Narepalem, 2002, Comparison of helical computerized tomography and plain radiography for estimating urinary stone size, J Urol, 167, 1235, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65272-X Nadler, 2004, Coronal imaging to assess urinary tract stone size, J Urol, 172, 962, 10.1097/01.ju.0000134885.08558.88 Segura, 1985, Percutaneous removal of kidney stones: review of 1,000 cases, J Urol, 134, 1077, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)47633-6 Osman, 2005, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy with ultrasonography guided renal access: experience from over 300 cases, BJU Int, 96, 875, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05749.x Albala, 2001, Lower Pole I: a prospective randomized trial of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for lower pole nephrolithiasis-initial results, J Urol, 166, 2072, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65508-5 Preminger, 2005, Chapter 1: AUA Guideline on management of staghorn calculi: diagnosis and treatment recommendations, J Urol, 173, 1991, 10.1097/01.ju.0000161171.67806.2a Lam, 1992, Evolution of the technique of combination therapy for staghorn calculi: a decreasing role of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, J Urol, 148, 1058, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)36816-7 Grasso, 1998, Retrograde ureteropyeloscopic treatment of 2-cm or greater upper urinary tract and minor staghorn calculi, J Urol, 160, 346, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62892-1 Saw, 1999, Lesson 20—management of calyceal stones, AUA Update series, 20, 154 Stav, 2003, Retrograde intrarenal lithotripsy outcome after failure of shock wave lithotripsy, J Urol, 170, 2198, 10.1097/01.ju.0000096421.56225.79 Zhong, 1994, Mechanisms of differing stone fragility in extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, J Endourol, 8, 263, 10.1089/end.1994.8.263 Nakada, 2000, Determination of stone composition by noncontrast spiral computed tomography in clinical setting, Urology, 55, 816, 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)00518-5 Zarse, 2004, Helical computed tomography accurately reports urinary stone composition using attenuation values: in vitro verification using high-resolution micro-computed tomogrphy calibrated to fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, Urology, 63, 828, 10.1016/j.urology.2003.11.038 Joseph, 2002, Computerized tomography attenuation value of renal calculus: can it predict successful fragmentation of the calculus by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy? A preliminary study, J Urol, 167, 1968, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65064-1 Gupta NP, Ansari MS, Kesarvani P, et al. Role of computed tomography with no contrast medium enhancement in predicting the outcome of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for urinary calculi. BJU Int 2005;95(9):1285–88. Saw, 2000, Calcium stone fragility is predicted by helical CT attenuation values, J Endourol, 14, 471, 10.1089/end.2000.14.471 Bhatta, 1989, Cystine calculi—rough and smooth: a new clinical distinction, J Urol, 142, 937 Pareek, 2005, Shock wave lithotripsy success determine by skin-to-stone distance on computed tomography, Urology, 66, 941, 10.1016/j.urology.2005.05.011 Sampaio, 1992, Inferior pole collecting system anatomy: its probable role in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, J Urol, 147, 322, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)37226-9 Sabnis, 1997, Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for lower calyceal stones: can clearance be predicted?, Br J Urol, 80, 853, 10.1046/j.1464-410X.1997.00436.x Elbahnasy, 1998, Lower caliceal stone clearance after shock wave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy: the impact of lower pole radiographic anatomy, J Urol, 159, 676, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63699-1 Sorensen, 2002, Is lower pole caliceal anatomy predictive of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy success for primary lower pole kidney stones?, J Urol, 168, 2377, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64149-3 Winfield, 1988, Monotherapy of staghorn renal calculi: a comparative study between percutaneous nephrolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, J Urol, 139, 895, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)42709-1 Meretyk, 1997, Complete staghorn calculi: random prospective comparison between extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy and combined with percutaneous nephrostolithotomy, J Urol, 157, 780, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65039-0 Evans, 1981, Horseshoe kidney and urolithiasis, J Urol, 125, 620, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)55139-3 Raj, 2003, Percutaneous management of calculi within horseshoe kidneys, J Urol, 170, 48 Kirkali, 1996, Effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in the management of stone-bearing horseshoe kidneys, J Endourol, 10, 13, 10.1089/end.1996.10.13 Serrate, 1991, ESWL as the treatment for lithiasis in horseshoe kidney, Eur Urol, 20, 122, 10.1159/000471679 Sheir, 2003, Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in anomalous kidneys: 11-year experience with two second-generation lithotripters, Urology, 62, 10, 10.1016/S0090-4295(03)00369-8 Shokeir, 2004, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of large stones within horseshoe kidneys, Urology, 64, 426, 10.1016/j.urology.2004.04.018 Lampel, 1996, Urolithiasis in horseshoe kidneys: therapeutic management, Urology, 47, 182, 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)80412-9 Al-Otaibi, 1999, Percutaneous stone removal in horseshoe kidneys, J Urol, 162, 674, 10.1097/00005392-199909010-00009 Middleton, 1974, Stone-containing pyelocalyceal diverticulum: embryogenic, anatomic, radiologic, and clinical characteristics, J Urol, 111, 2 Jones, 1991, The roles of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in the management of pyelocaliceal diverticula, J Urol, 146, 724, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)37906-5 Streem, 1992, Treatment of caliceal diverticular calculi with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: patient selection and extended followup, J Urol, 148, 1043 Shalhav, 1998, Long-term outcome of caliceal diverticula following percutaneous endosurgical management, J Urol, 160, 1635, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62366-8 Kim, 2005, Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for caliceal diverticular calculi: a novel single stage approach, J Urol, 173, 1194, 10.1097/01.ju.0000152320.41995.c2 Auge, 2002, Endoscopic management of symptomatic caliceal diverticula: a retrospective comparison of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and ureteroscopy, J Endourol, 16, 557, 10.1089/089277902320913233 Batter, 1997, Ureterorenoscopic approach to the symptomatic caliceal diverticulum, J Urol, 158, 709, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64298-8 Chong, 2000, Calyceal diverticula. Ureteroscopic management, Urol Clin North Am, 27, 647, 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70114-2 Miller, 2002, Laparoscopic management of caliceal diverticular calculi, J Urol, 167, 1248 Pareek, 2005, Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy success based on body mass index and Hounsfield units, Urology, 65, 33, 10.1016/j.urology.2004.08.004 Nguyen, 1998, Endoscopic management of urolithiasis in morbidly obese patient, J Endourol, 12, 33, 10.1089/end.1998.12.33 Andreoni, 2001, Flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy: first-line therapy for proximal ureteral and renal calculi in the morbidly obese and superobese patient, J Endourol, 15, 493, 10.1089/089277901750299285 Dash, 2002, Ureteroscopic treatment of renal calculi in morbidly obese patients: a stone-matched comparison, Urology, 60, 393, 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)01776-4 Carson, 1988, Percutaneous lithotripsy in morbid obesity, J Urol, 139, 243, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)42375-5 Pearle, 1998, Outcomes of contemporary percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in morbidly obese patients, J Urol, 160, 669, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62750-2 Streem, 1997, Contemporary clinical practice of shock wave lithotripsy: a reevaluation of contraindications, J Urol, 157, 1197, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64923-1 Watterson, 2002, Safety and efficacy of holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy in patients with bleeding diatheses, J Urol, 168, 442, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64654-X Harper, 1994, Risk factors for calculus formation in patients with renal transplants, Br J Urol, 74, 147, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.1994.tb16576.x Streeter, 2002, The urological complications of renal transplantation: a series of 1535 patients, BJU Int, 90, 627, 10.1046/j.1464-410X.2002.03004.x Abbott, 2003, Hospitalized nephrolithiasis after renal transplantation in the United States, Am J Transplant, 3, 465, 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00080.x Klingler, 2002, Urolithiasis in allograft kidneys, Urology, 59, 344, 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01575-8 Del Pizzo, 1998, Ureteroscopic evaluation in renal transplant patients, J Endourol, 12, 135, 10.1089/end.1998.12.135 Challacombe, 2005, Multimodal management of urolithiasis in renal transplantation, BJU Int, 96, 385, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05636.x Zheng, 2002, Urinary calculi in aviation pilots: what is the best therapeutic approach, J Urol, 168, 1341, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64444-8 Lee WJ, Smith AD, Cubelli V, et al. Complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 148(1):177–80. Reddy, 1985, Percutaneous removal of renal and ureteral calculi: experience with 400 cases, J Urol, 134, 662, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)47372-1 Stoller, 1994, Estimated blood loss and transfusion rates associated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy, J Urol, 152, 1977, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)32283-8 Gupta, 2003, Prospective evaluation of safety and efficacy of the supracostal approach for percutaneous nephrolithotomy, BJU Int, 90, 809, 10.1046/j.1464-410X.2002.03051.x Munver, 2001, Critical analysis of supracostal access for percutaneous renal surgery, J Urol, 166, 1242, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65745-X Gerspach, 1997, Conservative management of colon injury following percutaneous renal surgery, Urology, 49, 831, 10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00237-9 Mariappan, 2005, Stone and pelvic urine culture and sensitivity are better than bladder urine as predictors of urosepsis following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective clinical study, J Urol, 173, 1610, 10.1097/01.ju.0000154350.78826.96 Pearle, 2005, Prospective, randomized trial comparing shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for lower pole caliceal calculi 1cm or less, J Urol, 173, 2005, 10.1097/01.ju.0000158458.51706.56 Feng, 2001, Prospective randomized study of various techniques of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, Urology, 58, 345, 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01225-0 Lingeman, 1987, Comparison of results and morbidity of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, J Urol, 138, 485, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)43236-8 Tan, 2002, Clinical experience and results of ESWL treatment for 3093 urinary calculi with the Storz Modulith SL 20 lithotripter at the Singapore General hospital, Scand J Urol Nephrol, 36, 363, 10.1080/003655902320783872 Ng, 2006, Single-center experience using three shockwave lithotripters with different generator designs in management of urinary calculi, J Endourol, 20, 1, 10.1089/end.2006.20.1 Newman, 1991, Identifying risk factors in development of clinically significant post-shock-wave lithotripsy subcapsular hematomas, Urology, 38, 35, 10.1016/0090-4295(91)80009-V Dhar, 2004, A multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with subcapsular hematoma formation following electromagnetic shock wave lithotripsy, J Urol, 172, 2271, 10.1097/01.ju.0000143459.03836.2d Rubin, 1987, Kidney changes after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: CT evaluation, Radiology, 162, 21, 10.1148/radiology.162.1.3786764 Knapp, 1988, Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy-induced perirenal hematomas, J Urol, 139, 700, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)42604-8 Serra, 1999, Renal hematoma as a complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, Scand J Urol Nephrol, 33, 171, 10.1080/003655999750015943 Krishnamurthi, 1995, Long-term radiographic and functional outcome of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy induced perirenal hematomas, J Urol, 154, 1673, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)66746-6 Al-Awadi, 1999, Steinstrasse: a comparison of incidence with and without J stenting and the effect of J stenting on subsequent management, BJU Int, 84, 618, 10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00280.x Madbouly, 2002, Risk factors for the formation of a steinstrasse after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a statistical model, J Urol, 167, 1239, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65273-1 Sayed, 2001, Steinstrasse after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: aetiology, prevention and management, BJU Int, 88, 675, 10.1046/j.1464-4096.2001.02435.x Resim, 2005, Role of tamsulosin in treatment of patients with steinstrasse developing after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, Urology, 66, 945, 10.1016/j.urology.2005.05.029 Lingeman, 1990, Blood pressure changes following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and other forms of treatment for nephrolithiasis, JAMA, 263, 1789, 10.1001/jama.1990.03440130077029 Krambeck, 2006, Diabetes mellitus and hypertension associated with shock wave lithotripsy of renal and proximal ureteral stones at 19 years of followup, J Urol, 175, 1742, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00989-4 Grasso, 2000, Ureteropyeloscopic treatment of ureteral and intrarenal calculi, Urol Clin North Am, 27, 623, 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70112-9 Fabrizio, 1998, Ureteroscopic management of intrarenal calculi, J Urol, 159, 1139, 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63531-6 Schuster, 2002, Ureteroscopic treatment of lower pole calculi: comparison of lithotripsy in situ and after displacement, J Urol, 168, 43, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64828-8 Sulaiman, 1999, The role of ureteral stent placement in the prevention of Steinstrasse, J Endourol, 13, 151, 10.1089/end.1999.13.151