Trauma Mortality Factors in the Elderly Population

Pellicane, 1992, Preventable complications and death from multiple organ failure among geriatric trauma victims, J Trauma, 33, 440, 10.1097/00005373-199209000-00018 Lonner, 1995, Polytrauma in the elderly, Clin Orthop Relat Res, 318, 136 Smith, 1990, Trauma in the elderly: determinants of outcome, South Med J, 83, 171, 10.1097/00007611-199002000-00010 McCoy, 1989, Injury to the elderly in road traffic accidents, J Trauma, 29, 494, 10.1097/00005373-198904000-00013 Champion, 1989, Major trauma in geriatric patients, Am J Public Health, 79, 1278, 10.2105/AJPH.79.9.1278 Finelli, 1989, A case control study for major trauma in geriatric patients, J Trauma, 29, 541, 10.1097/00005373-198905000-00001 Johnson, 1994, Trauma in the elderly: an analysis of outcomes based on age, Am Surg, 60, 899 Richmond, 2002, Characteristics and outcomes of serious traumatic injury in older adults, J Am Geriatr Soc, 50, 215, 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50051.x Knudson, 1994, Mortality factors in geriatric blunt trauma patients, Arch Surg, 129, 448, 10.1001/archsurg.1994.01420280126017 Tornetta, 1999, Morbidity and mortality in elderly trauma patients, J Trauma, 46, 702, 10.1097/00005373-199904000-00024 van Aalst, 1991, Severely injured geriatric patients return to independent living: a study of factors influencing function and independence, J Trauma, 31, 1096, 10.1097/00005373-199131080-00008 Oreskovich, 1984, Geriatric Trauma: injury patterns and outcome, J Trauma, 24, 565, 10.1097/00005373-198407000-00003 Scalea, 1990, Geriatric blunt multiple trauma: improved survival with early invasive monitoring, J Trauma, 30, 129, 10.1097/00005373-199002000-00001 Perdue, 1998, Differences in mortality between elderly and younger adult trauma patients: geriatric status increases risk of delayed death, J Trauma, 45, 805, 10.1097/00005373-199810000-00034 Horst, 1986, Factors influencing survival of elderly trauma patients, Crit Care Med, 14, 681, 10.1097/00003246-198608000-00003 Safih, 1999, Elderly trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit are different from the younger population, NZ Med J, 112, 402 Hossack, 1982, Maximal cardiac function in sedentary normal men and women: comparison of age-related changes, J Appl Physiol, 53, 799, 10.1152/jappl.1982.53.4.799 Fairman, 1998, Physiologic problems of the elderly surgical patient, 1108 DeMaria, 1987, Survival after trauma in geriatric patients, Ann Surg, 206, 738, 10.1097/00000658-198712000-00009 Zietlow, 1994, Multisystem geriatric trauma, J Trauma, 37, 985, 10.1097/00005373-199412000-00020 Morris, 1990, Mortality in trauma patients: the interaction between host factors and severity, J Trauma, 30, 1476, 10.1097/00005373-199012000-00006 Hoyert, 2001, Deaths: final data for 1999, Natl Vital Stat Rep, 49, 1 Hoyert, 1999, Deaths: final data for 1997, Natl Vital Stat Rep, 47, 1 Morris, 1990, The effect of preexisting conditions on mortality in trauma patients, JAMA, 263, 1942, 10.1001/jama.1990.03440140068033 van der Sluis, 1997, Outcome in elderly injured patients: injury severity versus host factors, Injury, 28, 588, 10.1016/S0020-1383(97)00094-6 Battistella, 1998, Trauma patients 75 years and older: long-term follow-up results justify aggressive management, J Trauma, 48, 618, 10.1097/00005373-199804000-00010 Milzman, 1992, Pre-existing disease in trauma patients: a predictor of fate independent of age and Injury Severity Score, J Trauma, 2, 236, 10.1097/00005373-199202000-00021 Gubler, 1997, Long-term survival of elderly trauma patients, Arch Surg, 132, 1010, 10.1001/archsurg.1997.01430330076013 Broos, 1988, Polytrauma in patients of 65 and over. Injury patterns and outcome, Int Surg, 73, 119 Broos, 1993, Multiple trauma in elderly patients. Factors influencing outcome: importance of aggressive care, Injury, 24, 365, 10.1016/0020-1383(93)90096-O Davis, 1996, Admission base deficit predicts transfusion requirements and risk of complications, J Trauma, 41, 769, 10.1097/00005373-199611000-00001 Davis, 1991, Base deficit as a sensitive indicator of compensated shock and tissue oxygen utilization, Surg Gynecol Obstet, 173, 473 Dunham, 1991, The rapid infusion system: a superior method for the resuscitation of hypovolemic trauma patients, Resuscitation, 21, 207, 10.1016/0300-9572(91)90047-3 Davis, 1998, Base deficit in the elderly: a marker of severe injury and death, J Trauma, 45, 873, 10.1097/00005373-199811000-00005 McNelis, 2001, Prolonged lactate clearance is associated with increased mortality in the surgical intensive care unit, Am J Surg, 182, 481, 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00755-3 Schulman, 2002, Young versus old: factors affecting mortality after blunt traumatic injury, Am Surg, 68, 942, 10.1177/000313480206801103 Baker, 1974, The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care, J Trauma, 14, 187, 10.1097/00005373-197403000-00001 Shabot, 1995, Outcome from critical care in the "oldest old" trauma patients, J Trauma, 39, 254, 10.1097/00005373-199508000-00011 Carrillo, 1993, Long term outcome of blunt trauma care in the elderly, Surg Gynecol Obstet, 176, 559 Osler, 1988, Trauma in the elderly, Am J Surg, 156, 537, 10.1016/S0002-9610(88)80548-8 Smith, 1990, Do trauma centers improve outcome over non-trauma centers: the evaluation of regional trauma care using discharge abstract data and patient management categories, J Trauma, 30, 1533, 10.1097/00005373-199012000-00017 Vollmer, 1991, Age and outcome following traumatic coma: why do older patients fare worse?, J Neurosurg, 75, S37, 10.3171/sup.1991.75.1s.0s37 Howard, 1989, Acute subdural hematomas: an age-dependent clinical entity, J Neurosurg, 71, 858, 10.3171/jns.1989.71.6.0858 Reuter, 1989, Traumatic intracranial hemorrhages in elderly people, Adv Neurosurg, 17, 43, 10.1007/978-3-642-74279-8_6 Rozzelle, 1995, Predictors of hospital mortality in older patients with subdural hematoma, J Am Geriatr Soc, 43, 240, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb07329.x Cagetti, 1992, The outcome from acute subdural and epidural intracranial haematomas in very elderly patients, Br J Neurosurg, 6, 227, 10.3109/02688699209002930 Kotwica, 1992, Acute head injuries in the elderly. An analysis of 136 consecutive patients, Acta Neurochir (Wien), 118, 98, 10.1007/BF01401293 Amacher, 1987, Toleration of head injury by the elderly, Neurosurgery, 20, 954, 10.1227/00006123-198706000-00023 Pennings, 1993, Survival after severe brain injury in the aged, Arch Surg, 128, 787, 10.1001/archsurg.1993.01420190083011 Ross, 1992, Prognosticators of outcome after major head injury in the elderly, J Neurosci Nurs, 24, 88, 10.1097/01376517-199204000-00007 Demetriades, 2002, Effect on outcome of early intensive management of geriatric trauma patients, Br J Surg, 89, 1319, 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.02210.x Demetriades, 2001, Old age as a criterion for trauma team activation, J Trauma, 51, 754, 10.1097/00005373-200110000-00022 Nagy, 2000, Prognosis of penetrating trauma in elderly patients: a comparison with younger patients, J Trauma, 49, 190, 10.1097/00005373-200008000-00003 Godley, 1996, Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury in adults: age over 55 years as a powerful indicator for failure, J Am Coll Surg, 183, 133 Harbrecht, 2001, Contribution of age and gender to outcome of blunt splenic injury in adults: multicenter study of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma, J Trauma, 51, 887, 10.1097/00005373-200111000-00010 Albrecht, 2002, Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injuries: factors influencing success in age > 55 years, Am Surg, 68, 227, 10.1177/000313480206800303 Tsugawa, 2002, New insight for management of blunt splenic trauma: significant differences between young and elderly, Hepatogastroenterology, 49, 1144 Peitzman, 2000, Blunt splenic injury in adults: multi-institutional study of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma, J Trauma, 49, 177, 10.1097/00005373-200008000-00002