Chuyển đổi sang năng lượng hydro bền vững tại Oman: tác động đến chuyển đổi kinh tế - xã hội tương lai và phúc lợi môi trường

Patrick Amoatey1,2, Abdullah Al-Nadabi3, Mingjie Chen4, Mohammad Reza Nikoo1, Ali Al-Maktoumi4,5, Amer Al-Hinai6,7, Azizallah Izady4
1Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
2School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
3Department of Biology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
4Water Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
5Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
6Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
7Sustainable Energy Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

Tóm tắt

Hydro là một trong những loại hình năng lượng sạch được ưa chuộng nhất cần thiết để đạt được nền kinh tế xanh, xem xét tiềm năng lưu trữ của nó dưới nhiều dạng năng lượng khác nhau. Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá tiềm năng các nguồn tài nguyên tái tạo và không tái tạo có thể hỗ trợ nền kinh tế hydro tại Oman. Chúng tôi đã xem xét một cách phê phán các dự án hydro xanh hiện tại, các kế hoạch sản xuất hydro quốc gia chiến lược, các chính sách hydro và khả năng của các tổ chức tại Oman. Những lợi ích tiềm năng về môi trường và sức khỏe cộng đồng của nền kinh tế hydro, bao gồm các thách thức liên quan, cũng đã được xem xét. Nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng Oman dự kiến sẽ lắp đặt tổng cộng 5.2 × 103 tế bào điện phân để giúp đạt được công suất sản xuất hydro xanh khoảng ~ 200 triệu tấn mỗi năm (Mtpa). Có kế hoạch lắp đặt khoảng 300 triệu tấm pin mặt trời trên các đất đai có sẵn và 1 × 103 tua-bin gió để cung cấp năng lượng cho 180GW công suất điện phân vào năm 2050. Các khoản đầu tư vào hydro xanh này được dự đoán sẽ đạt đến hàng tỷ đô la Mỹ. Do đó, có một nhu cầu cấp bách trong việc ban hành các chính sách cụ thể và đầu tư vào các chương trình nghiên cứu đổi mới để đạt được chuỗi cung ứng hydro xanh bền vững ở Oman, đồng thời nhận thức về những vấn đề an toàn và môi trường tiềm ẩn có thể phát sinh từ khoản đầu tư này.

Từ khóa

#năng lượng hydro #nền kinh tế xanh #Oman #năng lượng tái tạo #đầu tư hydro xanh

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