Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Ngành Du Lịch Trong Tình Trạng Rủi Ro: Một Cuộc Tổng Quan Về Rủi Ro Và Rủi Ro Cảm Nhận Trong Ngành Du Lịch
Tóm tắt
Kể từ sau cuộc tấn công ngày 11 tháng 9 năm 2001, một loạt các thảm kịch lớn đã xảy ra, bao gồm sự bùng phát của SARS, các vụ đánh bom ở Bali và sóng thần châu Á, đã tấn công ngành du lịch trên toàn cầu. Tác động của những khủng hoảng này là chưa từng có và do đó, làm nổi bật sự cần thiết phải xem xét lại các tài liệu hiện có về rủi ro trong du lịch. Bài báo này xem xét khái niệm đa chiều về rủi ro trong du lịch bằng cách phân tích 46 bài báo được chọn theo hướng dẫn của phân tích nội dung. Các phát hiện được phân loại thành bốn chủ đề ý nghĩa lớn: (1) khái niệm về rủi ro, an toàn và bảo mật; (2) xu hướng nghiên cứu về rủi ro trong du lịch; (3) các định nghĩa và yếu tố tiên quyết của rủi ro cảm nhận; và (4) rủi ro như một yếu tố tích cực. Dựa trên phân tích, một khung khái niệm được đề xuất cho các nghiên cứu trong tương lai. Sự độc đáo của nghiên cứu này nằm ở nỗ lực xây dựng một khung khái niệm toàn diện về nhận thức rủi ro trong du lịch, vì tài liệu hiện có có xu hướng thiên lệch về thực nghiệm, dẫn đến các khung lý thuyết không được sử dụng hiệu quả hoặc bị áp dụng một cách phân mảnh.
Từ khóa
#rủi ro trong du lịch #an toàn #bảo mật #phân tích nội dung #cảm nhận rủi roTài liệu tham khảo
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process, 50(2), 179–211. doi: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Aschauer, W. (2010). Perceptions of tourists at risky destinations - A model of psychological influence factors. Tourism Review, 65(2), 4–20. doi: 10.1108/16605371011061589
Barker, M., Page, S. J., & Meyer, D. (2003). Urban visitor perceptions of safety during a special event. Journal of Travel Research, 41(4), 355–361. doi: 10.1177/0047287503041004004
Batra, A. (2008). Foreign tourists' perception towards personal safety and potential crime while visiting Bangkok. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19(1), 89–101. doi: 10.1080/13032917.2008.9687055
Bello, D. C., & Etzel, M. J. (1985). The role of novelty in the pleasure travel experience. Journal of Travel Research, 24(1), 20–26. doi: 10.1177/004728758502400104
Bentley, T., Page, S., Meyer, D., Chalmers, D., & Laird, I. (2001). How safe is adventure tourism in New Zealand? An exploratory analysis. Applied Ergonomics, 32(4), 327–338.
Berg, B. L. (2004). Qualitative research methods for social sciences (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Björk, P., & Kauppinen-Räisänen, H. (2013). Destination coutries' risk image as perceived by Finnish travellers. Matkailututkimus, 9(1), 21–38.
Budescu, D. V., & Wallsten, T. S. (1985). Consistency in interpretation of probabilistic phrases. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 36(3), 391–405. doi: 10.1016/0749-5978(85)90007-X
Cater, C. I. (2006). Playing with risk? Participant perceptions of risk and management implications in adventure tourism. Tourism Management, 27(2), 317–325. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2004.10.005
Chang, H-H. (2010). Nationality's differences in youth tourists' travelling risk perceptions and satisfactions within Taiwan. Journal of Tourism, XI(2), 19–49.
Cohen, E. (1972). Toward a sociology of international tourism. Social Research, 39(1), 164–182.
Dickson, T., & Dolnicar, S. (2004, 10-13 February 2004). No risk, no fun: the role of perceived risk in adventure tourism. Paper presented at the 13th International Research Conference of the Council of Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE), Brisbane.
Fuchs, G., & Reichel, A. (2006). Tourist destination risk perception: the case of Israel. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 14(2), 83–108. doi: 10.1300/J150v14n02_06
Fuchs, G., & Reichel, A. (2011). An exploratory inquiry into destination risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies of first time vs. repeat visitors to a highly volatile destination. Tourism Management, 32(2), 266–276. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2010.01.012
George, R. (2003). Tourist's perceptions of safety and security while visiting Cape Town. Tourism Management, 24(5), 575–585. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00003-7
George, R. (2010). Visitor perceptions of crime-safety and attitudes towards risk: the case of Table Mountain National Park, Cape Town. Tourism Management, 31(6), 806–815. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.011
Gray, J. M., & Wilson, M. A. (2009). The relative risk perception of travel hazards. Environment and Behavior, 41(2), 185–204. doi: 10.1177/0013916507311898
Hall, C. M., Timothy, D. J., & Duval, D. T. (2004). Security and tourism: towards a new understanding? Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 15(2-3), 1–18. doi: 10.1300/ J073v15n02_01
Heung, V. C. S., Qu, H., & Chu, R. (2001). The relationship between vacation factors and socio-demographic and travelling characteristics: the case of Japanese leisure travellers. Tourism Management, 22(3), 259–269. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00057-1
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: comparing values, behaviours, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Korstanje, M. (2009). Re-visiting risk perception theory in the context of travel. e-Review of Tourism Research, 7(4), 68–81.
Korstanje, M. (2011). The fear of traveling: a new perspective for tourism and hospitality. Anatolia, 22(2), 222–233. doi: 10.1080/13032917.2011.597935
Kovari, I., & Zimanyi, K. (2011). Safety and security in the age of global tourism (The changing role and conception of safety and security in tourism). APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 5(3-4), 59–61.
Kozak, M., Crotts, J. C., & Law, R. (2007). The impact of the perception of risk on international travellers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(4), 233–242. doi: 10.1002/jtr.607
Krippendorff, K. (1980). Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology. Newburry Park, CA: Sage.
Law, R. (2006). The perceived impact of risks on travel decisions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 8(4), 289–300. doi: 10.1002/jtr.576
Lepp, A., & Gibson, H. (2003). Tourist roles, perceived risk and international tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(3), 606–624. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(03)00024-0
Mansfeld, Y., & Pizam, A. (2006). Tourism and safety issues. In Y. Mansfeld & A. Pizam (Eds.), Tourism, security & safety: from theory to practice (pp. 139–141). Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Maser, B., & Weiermair, K. (1998). Travel decision-making: from the vantage point of perceived risk and information preferences. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 7(4), 107–121. doi: 10.1300/J073v07n04_06
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396.
Milman, A., Jones, F., & Bach, S. (1999). The impact of security devices on tourists' perceived safety: The central florida example. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 23(4), 371–386. doi: 10.1177/109634809902300403
Mitchell, V. W., & Greatorex, M. (1993). Risk perception and reduction in the purchase of consumer services. The Service Industries Journal, 13(4), 179–200. doi: 10.1080/02642069300000068
Nardi, M. D., & Wilks, J. (2007). Tourist water safety: surf life saving initiatives for the Japanese inbound market. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 13(3), 275–283. doi: 10.1177/1356766707077700
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1985). A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing, 49(4), 41–50. doi: 10.2307/1251430
Pennington-Gray, L., & Schroeder, A. (2013). International tourist's perceptions of safety & security: the role of social media. Matkailututkimus, 9(1), 7–20.
Pizam, A. (1999). A comprehensive approach to classifying acts of crime and violence at tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 38(1), 5–12. doi: 10.1177/004728759903800103
Pizam, A., Jeong, G.-H., Reichel, A., van Boemmel, H., Lusson, J. M., Steynberg, L., … Montmany, N. (2004). The relationship between risk-taking, sensation-seeking, and the tourist behavior of young adults: a cross-cultural study. Journal of Travel Research, 42(3), 251–260. doi: 10.1177/0047287503258837
Pizam, A., & Mansfeld, Y. (2006). Toward a theory of tourism security. In Y. Mansfeld & A. Pizam (Eds.), Tourism, security & safety: from theory to practice (pp. 1–27). Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Plog, S. (1974). Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 14(4), 55–58. doi: 10.1177/001088047401400409
Plog, S. (2001). Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity - An update of a Cornell quarterly classis. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42(3), 13–24.
Qi, C. X., Gibson, H. J., & Zhang, J. J. (2009). Perceptions of risk and travel intentions: The case of China and the Beijing Olympic Games. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 14(1), 43–67. doi: 10.1080/14775080902847439
Quintal, V. A., Lee, J. A., & Soutar, G. N. (2010). Risk, uncertainty and the theory of planned behavior: a tourism example. Tourism Management, 31(6), 797–805. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.006
Reisinger, Y., & Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: implications of travel risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43(3), 212–225. doi: 10.1177/0047287504272017
Roehl, W. S., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (1992). Risk perceptions and pleasure travel: an exploratory analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 17–26. doi: 10.1177/004728759203000403
Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (1991). Consumer behavior (4th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Schiffman, L. G., Kanuk, L. L., & Wisenblit, J. (2010). Consumer behavior (10th ed.). UpperSaddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Schusterschitz, C., Schütz, H., & Wiedemann, P. M. (2010). Looking for a safe haven after fancy thrills: a psychometric analysis of risk perception in alpine tourist destinations. Journal of Risk Research, 13(3), 379–398. doi: 10.1080/13669870903134949
Seabra, C., Dolnicar, S., Abrantes, J. L., & Kastenholz, E. (2013). Heterogeneity in risk and safety perceptions of international tourists. Tourism Management, 36(0), 502–510. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.008
Seddighi, H. R., Nuttall, M. W., & Theocharous, A. L. (2001). Does cultural background of tourists influence the destination choice? An empirical study with special reference to political instability. Tourism Management, 22(2), 181–191. doi: 10.1016/S0261- 5177(00)00046-7
Shin, Y.-S. (2005). Safety, security and peace tourism: The case of the DMZ area. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 10(4), 411–426. doi: 10.1080/10941660500363777
Simpson, P. M., & Siguaw, J. A. (2008). Perceived travel risks: the traveller perspective and manageability. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(4), 315–327.
Sirakaya, E., Sheppard, A. G., & McLellan, R. W. (1997). Assessment of the relationship between perceived safety at a vacation site and destination choice decisions: extending the behavioral decision-making model. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 21(2), 1–10. doi: 10.1177/109634809702100201
Sönmez, S. F., Apostolopoulos, Y., & Tarlow, P. (1999). Tourism in crisis: managing the effects of terrorism. Journal of Travel Research, 38(1), 13–18. doi: 10.1177/004728759903800104
Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998a). Determining future travel behavior from past travel experience and perceptions of risk and safety. Journal of Travel Research, 37(2), 172–177.
Sönmez, S. F., & Graefe, A. R. (1998b). Influence of terrorism risk on foreign tourism decisions. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), 112–144. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00072-8
Teng, W. (2005). Risks perceived by Mainland Chinese tourists towards Southeast Asia destinations: A fuzzy logic model. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 10(1), 97–115. doi: 10.1080/1094166042000330245
Tsaur, S.-H., Tzeng, G.-H., & Wang, K.-C. (1997). Evaluating tourist risks from fuzzy perspectives. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 796–812. doi: 10.1016/S0160- 7383(97)00059-5
Wichasin, P., & Doungphummes, N. (2012). A comparative study of international tourists' safety needs and Thai tourist polices' perception towards international tourists' safety needs. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 67, 1372–1378.
Wilks, J., & Atherton, T. (1994). Health and safety in Australian marine tourism: A social, medical and legal appraisal. Journal of Tourism Studies, 5(2), 2–16.
Williams, A. M., & Baláž, V. (2013). Tourism, risk tolerance and competences: travel organization and tourism hazards. Tourism Management, 35(0), 209–221. doi: 10.1016/j. tourman.2012.07.006
Yüksel, A., & Yüksel, F. (2007). Shopping risk perceptions: Effects on tourists' emotions, satisfaction and expressed loyalty intentions. Tourism Management, 28(3), 703–713. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.025
