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Khả năng chịu nhiệt độ thấp của các loài cá cichlid không bản địa (Cichlasoma urophthalmus, Hemichromis letourneuxi): Thí nghiệm trong phòng thí nghiệm và thực địa tại nam Florida
Tóm tắt
Khả năng chịu lạnh của hai loài cá cichlid không bản địa (Hemichromis letourneuxi và Cichlasoma urophthalmus) đã được kiểm tra cả ở thực địa lẫn trong phòng thí nghiệm tại nam Florida. Trong phòng thí nghiệm, cá đã được thích nghi ở hai nhiệt độ (24 và 28°C) và ba độ mặn (0, 10, và 35 ppt). Hai chỉ số cuối cùng đã được xác định: mất thăng bằng (11.5–13.7°C đối với C. urophthalmus; 10.8–12.5°C đối với H. letourneuxi) và cái chết (9.5–11.1°C đối với C. urophthalmus; 9.1–13.3°C đối với H. letourneuxi). Trong thực địa, cá đã được nuôi trong lồng tại một số môi trường nước trong hai đợt rét mùa đông. Nhiệt độ thấp nhất (4.0°C) nằm ở vùng đầm lầy nông, nơi không có cá nào sống sót, và nhiệt độ cao nhất nằm trong các kênh và hố dung dịch. Các kênh và rãnh nông đến 50 cm đã cung cấp nơi trú ẩn nhiệt cho các loài cá nhiệt đới này. Do tác động về khả năng sống sót của các loại môi trường sống khác nhau, những dự đoán đơn giản về sự mở rộng địa lý cuối cùng của cá không bản địa bằng cách sử dụng vĩ độ và các đường phân cách nhiệt là không đủ cho các loài cá nước ngọt.
Từ khóa
#cá cichlid không bản địa #chịu nhiệt độ thấp #thí nghiệm trong phòng thí nghiệm #thí nghiệm thực địa #FloridaTài liệu tham khảo
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