To be or not to B2B: Evaluating managerial choices for e-procurement channel adoption
Tóm tắt
E-procurement systems are computer systems and communication networks through which firms buy and sell products. We identify two types of e-procurement systems: extranets and e-markets. Extranets connect the buyer and its suppliers with a closed network, while e-markets create open networks for buyer and supplier interactions. The differences between them lie in system implementation costs, marketplace benefits, and the extent of supplier competitive advantage that develops due to information sharing. In this article, we develop a new theoretical model to analyze the adoption of e-procurement systems from the buyer’s perspective, to explore the set of conditions under which the buyer will prefer to procure via an electronic market instead of using proprietary extranet connections. The primary finding is that a buyer will adopt an e-market approach when the supplier’s competitive advantage derived from access to strategic information is modest compared with the marketplace benefits less the channel costs. In addition, we find that the buyer is likely to have a bigger trading network with an e-market than with an extranet in order to capture the greatest available benefits. Overall, this study offers guidelines for managers to design and select e-procurement channels to fit different procurement needs.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Y. Au and R.J. Kauffman, Should We Wait? Network Externalities, Compatibility, and Electronic Billing Adoption, Journal of Management Information Systems 18 (2001) 18– 46.
J.Y. Bakos, A Strategic Analysis of Electronic Marketplaces, MIS Quarterly 15 (1991) 295–310.
A. Barua and B. Lee, An Economic Analysis of the Introduction of an Electronic Data Interchange System, Information System Research 8 (1997) 398–422.
M. Benaroch and R.J. Kauffman, A Case for Using Real Options Pricing Analysis to Evaluate Information Technology Project Investments, Information Systems Research 10 (1999) 70–86.
A. K. Chatfield and P. Yetton, Strategic payoff from EDI as a function of EDI embeddedness, Journal of Management Information Systems 16 (2000) 195–224.
P. Chwelos, I. Benbasat and A.S. Dexter, Empirical test of an EDI adoption model, Information Systems Research 12 (2001) 304–321.
T.H. Clark and H.G. Lee, Performance, interdependence and Coordination in Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce and Supply Chain Management, Information Technology and Management 1 (1999) 85–105.
Q. Dai and R.J. Kauffman, Business Models for Internet Based Procurement Systems and B2B Electronic Markets, International Journal of Electronic Commerce 6 (2002) 41–72.
Dow Chemical Company, e-Business @ Dow: Connecting with Dow–-Suppliers, retrieved in June (2003), available on the Internet at www.dow.com/ebusiness/what/s.htm.
L. Garicano and S.N. Kaplan, The Effects of Business-to-Business E-Commerce on Transaction Costs, Journal of Industrial Economics 49 (2001) 463–485.
A. Gilbert, E-Procurement: Problems Behind the Promise, InformationWeek 813 (November 20, 2000) 49–57.
M. Giudici, EDI giving way slowly to Net e-Biz, Electronic Buyers’ News 1237 (2000) 88–90.
M. Hamblen, After the hype, Computerworld 36 (December 23, 2002) 33–34.
C.L. Iacovou, I. Benbasat and A.S. Dexter, Electronic Data Interchange and Small Organizations: Adoption and impact of technology, MIS Quarterly 19 (1995) 465–485.
InformationWeek, At a glance: Suppliers in the electronic supply chain, (September 17, 2001). Available on the Internet at http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=6506684.
H.R. Johnston and M.R. Vitale, Creating Competitive Advantage with Interorganizational Information Systems, MIS Quarterly 12 (1988) 153–165.
R. Karpinski, Wal-Mart pushes Web EDI, B to B 87 (October 14, 2002) 15–16.
R. J. Kauffman and H. Mohtadi, Proprietary and open systems adoption: A risk-augmented transactions cost perspective, Journal of Management Information Systems 21 (2004) 137–166.
R. Kisiel, Suppliers, Big 3 want to streamline data exchange, Automotive News 77 (May 12, 2003) 8.
H.G. Lee, T. Clark and K.Y. Tam, Can EDI benefit adopters? Information Systems Research 10 (1999) 186–195.
H.L. Lee, K.C. So and C.S. Tang, The Value of Information Sharing in a Two-Level Supply Chain, Management Science 46 (2000) 626–643.
H.L. Lee and S. Whang, Information Sharing In a Supply Chain, International Journal of Technology Management 20 (2000) 373–387.
T. Mukhopadhyay, S. Kekre and S. Kalathur, Business Value of Information Technology: A Study of Electronic Data Interchange, MIS Quarterly 19 (1995) 137–156.
D. Neef, E-Procurement (Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 2001).
A. Ovans, E-Procurement at Schlumberger, Harvard Business Review 78 (2000) 21–22.
M.E. Porter, Competitive Advantage (Free Press, New York, NY, 1985).
F.J. Riggins, C.H. Kriebel and T. Mukhopadhyay, The Growth of Interorganizational Systems in the Presence of Network Externalities, Management Science 40 (1994) 984– 998.
F.J. Riggins and T. Mukhopadhyay, Overcoming Adoption and Implementation Risks of EDI, International Journal of Electronic Commerce 4 (1999) 103–115.
F.J. Riggins and T. Mukhopadhyay, Interdependent Benefits from Interorganizational Systems: Opportunities for Business Partner Reengineering, Journal of Management Information Systems 11 (1994) 37–57.
F.J. Riggins and H.-S. Rhee, Toward a Unified View of Electronic Commerce, Communications of the ACM 41 (1998) 88–95.
F.J. Riggins and H.-S. Rhee, Developing the Learning Network Using Extranets, International Journal of Electronic Commerce 4 (1999) 65–84.
J. Rosall, Internet commerce buy- and Sell-Side Software Market Share and Forecast: 2000-2005, Gartner Inc., Stamford, CT, (January 2002).
A. Seidmann and A. Sundararajan, Building and sustaining interorganizational information sharing relationships: The competitive impact of interfacing supply chain operations with marketing strategy, in: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS-97), J. DeGross and K. Kumar (eds.) (Atlanta, GA, December 1997).
A.J. van Weele, Purchasing and Supply Chain Management (Thomson Learning, London, UK, 2000).
E.G. Wang and A. Seidmann, Electronic Data Interchange: Competitive Externalities and Strategic Implementation Policies, Management Science 41 (1995) 401– 418.