Tissue culture inHaworthia
Tóm tắt
Effects of three auxins and kinetin on growth of the calluses of two species ofHaworthia, H. aristala andH. setata, were investigated. Stock calluses derived from the flower buds of these species were maintained for two years on RM-1964 agar medium containing 5 mg/l NAA. Small pieces of the stock calluses were transferred to the basal medium containing either auxin, IAA, NAA or 2,4-D in six different concentrations (0.1–50 mg/l) combined with three concentrations (0–2 mg/l) of kinetin; in total, 54 kinds of media were used. Fresh weight of the calluses was measured 0 to 30 days from transfer and transformed to the natural logarithm. The linearity of their growth curves against the culture period was tested. The growth curves of theH. aristata calluses grown in dark and under continuous light and that of theH. setata callus grown in dark gave similar regression coefficients of 0.07 to 0.11, indicating that the doubling time of the callus mass was about 6.3 to 10.1 days. After 42 to 50 days from inoculation, the fresh weight of each individual callus was recorded, and the data were statistically analyzed. All auxins at the concentration of 50 mg/l significantly inhibited callus growth. Kinetin did not affect growth of theH. aristata callus in dark, while its effect on theH. setata callus was detected under light. Interaction of kinetin was found with IAA and 2,4-D inH. aristata and with IAA and NAA inH. setata. REsponses of theH. aristata callus to auxins and kinetin, when grown in dark, were different in several points from those of theH. setata callus grown under light. The best callus growth was observed in the following media; 0.2 mg/l kinetin supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA, or 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D, and 2 mg/l kinetin with 0.5 mg/l NAA inH. aristata, and 0.2 mg/l kinetin supplemented with 1 mg/l IAA, 5 mg/l NAA or 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D inH. setata.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Caplin, S.M. 1947. Growth and morphology of tobacco tissue culturein vitro. Bot. Gaz.106: 379–393.
Carlson, P.S. 1973. Methionine sulfoximine-resistant mutants of tobacco. Science180: 1366–1368.
—. 1972. Parasexual interspecific hybridization. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.69: 2292–2294.
Carter, O., Y. Yamada andE. Takahashi. 1967. Tissue culture of oats. Nature214: 1029–1030.
Gautheret, R.J. 1942. Hétéro-auxines et cultures de tissue végétaux. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol.24: 13–47.
— 1959. La Culture des Tissues Végétaux. Masson & Cie, Paris.
Kaul, K. andP.S. Sabharwal. 1972. Morphogenetic studies onHaworthia: Establishment of tissue culture and control of differentiation. Amer. J. Bot.59: 377–385.
Linsmaier, E.M. andF. Skoog. 1965. Organic growth factor requirements of tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant.18: 100–127.
Majundar, S.K. 1970a. Culture ofHaworthia influorescencesin vitro. J.S. Afr. Bot.36: 63–68.
— 1970b. Production of plantlets from the ovary wall ofHaworthia turgida var.pallidifolia. Planta90: 212–214.
Maliga, P.A., A. Breznovitz andL. Marton. 1973. Streptomycin resistant plants from callus culture of haploid tobacco. Nature New Biol.244: 29–30.
Nishi, T., Y. Yamada andE. Takahashi. 1973. The role of auxins in differentiation of rice tissue culturedin vitro. Bot. Mag. Tokyo86: 183–188.
Power, J.B., E.M. Frearson, C. Hayward, D. George, P.K. Evans, S.F. Berry andE.C. Cooking. 1976. Somatic hybridization ofPetunia hybrida andP. parodii. Nature263: 500–502.
Shimada, T., T. Sasakuma andK. Tsunewaki. 1969.In vitro culture of wheat tissues. I. Callus formation, organ redifferentiation and single cell culture. Can. J. Genet. Cytol.11: 294–304.
Skoog, F. andC.O. Miller. 1957. Chemical regulation of growth and organ formation in plant tissue culturedin vitro. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol.11: 118–140.
Smith, H.H., K.N. Kao andN.C. Combatti. 1976. Interspecific hybridization by protoplast fusion inNicotiana: Confirmation and extension. J. Hered.67: 123–128.
Widholm, J.M. 1974. Cultured carrot cell mutants: 5-methyltryptophan resistance trait carried from the to plant and back. Plant Sci. Letters3: 323–330.
Wilmar, C. andM. Hallendoon. 1968. Growht and morphogenesis ofAsparagus cells culturedin vitro. Nature217: 369–370.
Yamabe, M. andT. Yamada. 1973. Studies on differentiation in cultured cells. II. Chromosomes ofHaworthia callus and of the plants grown from the callus. La Kromosomo94: 2923–2931 (Japanese with English summary).
Yatazawa, M., K. Furuhashi andM. Shimizu. 1967. Growth of callus tissues from rice rootsin vitro. Plant Cell Physiol.8: 363–373.