Timing of puberty and physical growth in obese children: a longitudinal study in boys and girls

Pediatric obesity - Tập 9 Số 4 - Trang 292-299 - 2014
Cosimo Giannini1,2, M. Loredana Marcovecchio1,2, Valentina Chiavaroli1,2, Tommaso de Giorgis1,2, Francesco Chiarelli1,2, Angelika Mohn1,2
1Center of Excellence on Aging, “G. D’Annunzio” University Foundation, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
2Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy

Tóm tắt

SummaryWhat is already known about this subject There is emerging evidence suggesting that childhood obesity may influence the timing/tempo of puberty and growth patterns. An earlier onset of puberty generally occurs in obese girls, whereas conflicting data are available for boys. Obese children tend to be taller during pre‐puberty but lose this growth advantage during puberty. What this study adds Obese boys and girls present an earlier onset of puberty and completion of puberty, with a shorter duration of puberty compared to normal‐weight peers. Obese children tend to have a similar adult height compared to normal‐weight children. BackgroundThere is emerging evidence suggesting that childhood obesity may influence the timing of puberty and growth patterns. However, there are scant and controversial data in this field.ObjectiveTo assess whether puberty and physical growth vary in obese when compared to normal‐weight children.MethodsOne hundred obese pre‐pubertal children (44 boys; mean age (±SD): 9.01 ± 0.62 years; 56 girls; 8.70 ± 0.57 years) were compared to 55 normal‐weight controls (27 boys; 9.17 ± 0.26 years; 28 girls; 8.71 ± 0.62 years). All study participants were followed prospectively with 6‐monthly follow‐up visits. At each study visit, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and pubertal stage were assessed.ResultsObese children entered puberty and achieved later stages of puberty earlier than controls (onset of puberty: boys: 11.66 ± 1.00 vs. 12.12 ± 0.91 years, P = 0.049; girls: 9.90 ± 0.78 vs. 10.32 ± 1.70, P = 0.016; late puberty: boys: 13.33 ± 0.71 vs. 14.47 ± 1.00 years, P < 0.001; girls: 11.54 ± 0.99 vs. 12.40 ± 1.02, P = 0.001). Pre‐pubertal BMI standard deviation score (SDS) was inversely associated with both age at the onset of puberty (β = −0.506, P < 0.001) and age at late puberty (β = −0.514, P < 0.001). Obese children also showed an earlier age at peak height velocity (PHV) (boys: 12.62 ± 0.82 vs. 13.19 ± 0.96 years, P = 0.01; girls: 11.37 ± 0.89 vs. 12.77 ± 0.76, P < 0.001) and a lower PHV (boys: 7.74 ± 1.49 vs. 9.28 ± 1.64 cm year−1, P < 0.001; girls: 7.60 ± 1.64 vs. 8.29 ± 1.03, P = 0.03). Height SDS progressively declined over the study period in the obese group (P for trend <0.001), whereas there were no significant changes in the control group (P for trend = 0.5).ConclusionsObese boys and girls presented an earlier onset of puberty and completion of puberty and an impaired height gain during puberty.

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Pediatric obesity

Tập 9 Số 4

292-299

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