Therapeutic effect of oxyberberine on obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rats

Akash, 2018, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha: role in development of insulin resistance and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 119, 105, 10.1002/jcb.26174 Antonopoulos, 2017, The molecular mechanisms of obesity paradox, Cardiovasc. Res., 113, 1074, 10.1093/cvr/cvx106 Bessone, 2019, Molecular pathways of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development and progression, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 76, 99, 10.1007/s00018-018-2947-0 Birkenfeld, 2014, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes, Hepatology, 59, 713, 10.1002/hep.26672 Boden, 2008, Obesity and free fatty acids, Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am., 37, 635, 10.1016/j.ecl.2008.06.007 Brunt, 2011, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score and the histopathologic diagnosis in NAFLD: distinct clinicopathologic meanings, Hepatology, 53, 810, 10.1002/hep.24127 Bustin, 2009, The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments, Clin. Chem., 55, 611, 10.1373/clinchem.2008.112797 Cameron, 2016, J. Med. Chem., 59, 8068, 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00866 Cao, 2013, Berberine metabolites exhibit triglyceride-lowering effects via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in Hep G2 cells, J. Ethnopharmacol., 149, 576, 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.025 Carling, 2017, AMPK signalling in health and disease, Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 45, 31, 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.01.005 Chen, 2014, Berberine reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis via activating AMPK and PI3K-Akt signaling in diabetic rats, Apoptosis, 19, 946, 10.1007/s10495-014-0977-0 Chi, 1996, Mechanical and electrophysiological effects of 8-oxoberberine (JKL1073A) on atrial tissue, Br. J. Pharmacol., 118, 503, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15431.x Chopra, 2012, Phosphorylation of the insulin receptor by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes ligand-independent activation of the insulin signalling pathway in rodent muscle, Diabetologia, 55, 783, 10.1007/s00125-011-2407-y Cicero, 2018, Nutraceutical approach to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): the available clinical evidence, Nutrients, 10, 1153, 10.3390/nu10091153 Cohen, 2004, GSK3 inhibitors: development and therapeutic potential, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 3, 479, 10.1038/nrd1415 Cole, 2018, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) models in drug discovery, Expert Opin. Drug Discov., 13, 193, 10.1080/17460441.2018.1410135 Collin de l'Hortet, 2019, Generation of human fatty livers using custom-engineered induced pluripotent stem cells with modifiable SIRT1 metabolism, Cell Metab., 30, 385, 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.06.017 Corey, 2014, Obesity and liver disease: the epidemic of the twenty-first century, Clin. Liver Dis., 18, 1, 10.1016/j.cld.2013.09.019 Day, 2017, AMPK as a therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 28, 545, 10.1016/j.tem.2017.05.004 Demine, 2019, Mitochondrial uncoupling: a key controller of biological processes in physiology and diseases, Cells, 8, 795, 10.3390/cells8080795 Dou, 2021, Oxyberberine, an absorbed metabolite of berberine, possess superior hypoglycemic effect via regulating the PI3K/Akt and Nrf2 signaling pathways, Biomed. Pharmacother., 137, 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111312 Duwaerts, 2019, Macronutrients and the adipose-liver axis in obesity and fatty liver, Cell Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 7, 749, 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.02.001 Dyson, 2014, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a practical approach to diagnosis and staging, Frontline Gastroenterol., 5, 211, 10.1136/flgastro-2013-100403 El-Zeftawy, 2019, Berberine chloride ameliorated PI3K/Akt-p/SIRT-1/PTEN signaling pathway in insulin resistance syndrome induced in rats, J. Food Biochem., 43, e13049, 10.1111/jfbc.13049 Engin, 2017, What is lipotoxicity?, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 960, 197, 10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_8 2016, EASL-EASD-EASO clinical practice guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, J. Hepatol., 64, 1388, 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.11.004 Feng, 2019, Berberine in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutics, Theranostics, 9, 1923, 10.7150/thno.30787 Forli, 2016, Computational protein-ligand docking and virtual drug screening with the autodock suite, Nat. Protoc., 11, 905, 10.1038/nprot.2016.051 Friedman, 2018, Mechanisms of NAFLD development and therapeutic strategies, Nat. Med., 24, 908, 10.1038/s41591-018-0104-9 Green, 2018, Of mice and men: is there a future for metformin in the treatment of hepatic steatosis?, Diabetes Obes. Metab., 21, 749, 10.1111/dom.13592 Guo, 2016, Berberine ameliorates hepatic steatosis and suppresses liver and adipose tissue inflammation in mice with diet-induced obesity, Sci. Rep., 6, 22612, 10.1038/srep22612 Hu, 2018, Berberine is a potential therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome via brown adipose tissue activation and metabolism regulation, Am. J. Transl. Res., 10, 3322 Huang, 2017, Identification of direct activator of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by structure-based virtual screening and molecular docking approach, Int. J. Mol., 18, 1408, 10.3390/ijms18071408 Kim, 2016, AMPK activators: mechanisms of action and physiological activities, Exp. Mol. Med., 48, e224, 10.1038/emm.2016.16 Kusminski, 2016, Targeting adipose tissue in the treatment of obesity-associated diabetes, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 15, 639, 10.1038/nrd.2016.75 Li, 2020, Oxyberberine, a novel gut microbiota-mediated metabolite of berberine, possesses superior anti-colitis effect: Impact on intestinal epithelial barrier, gut microbiota profile and TLR4-MyD88-NF-kappaB pathway, Pharmacol. Res., 152, 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104603 Li, 2019, Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects of berberine, and its natural oxidative and reduced derivatives from Rhizoma Coptidis in vitro and in vivo, Phytomedicine, 52, 272, 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.228 Li, 2019, Identification of potential AMPK activator by pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking and QSAR study, Comput. Biol. Chem., 79, 165, 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.02.007 Li, 2011, Bioactivities of berberine metabolites after transformation through CYP450 isoenzymes, J. Transl. Med., 9, 62, 10.1186/1479-5876-9-62 Li, 2004, Protein kinase C theta inhibits insulin signaling by phosphorylating IRS1 at Ser (1101), J. Biol. Chem., 279, 45304, 10.1074/jbc.C400186200 Liu, 2017, Transformation of patchouli alcohol to beta-patchoulene by gastric juice: beta-patchoulene is more effective in preventing ethanol-induced gastric injury, Sci. Rep., 7, 5591, 10.1038/s41598-017-05996-5 Liu, 2010, Extensive intestinal first-pass elimination and predominant hepatic distribution of berberine explain its low plasma levels in rats, Drug Metab. Disposition, 38, 1779, 10.1124/dmd.110.033936 Lou, 2011, Berberine inhibits inflammatory response and ameliorates insulin resistance in hepatocytes, Inflammation, 34, 659, 10.1007/s10753-010-9276-2 Mancini, 2017, Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase rapidly suppresses multiple pro-inflammatory pathways in adipocytes including IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 phosphorylation, Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 440, 44, 10.1016/j.mce.2016.11.010 Manning, 2017, AKT/PKB signaling: navigating the network, Cell, 169, 381, 10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.001 Misík, 1995, Lipoxygenase inhibition and antioxidant properties of protoberberine and aporphine alkaloids isolated from Mahonia aquifolium, Planta Med., 61, 372, 10.1055/s-2006-958107 Ning, 2010, AMP-activated protein kinase inhibits IGF-I signaling and protein synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells via stimulation of insulin receptor substrate 1 S794 and tuberous sclerosis 2 S1345 phosphorylation, Mol. Endocrinol., 24, 1218, 10.1210/me.2009-0474 Pang, 2015, Application of berberine on treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, Int. J. Endocrinol., 10.1155/2015/905749 Parker, 2018, The role of adipose tissue in fatty liver diseases, Liver Res., 2, 35, 10.1016/j.livres.2018.02.002 Patel, 2004, Glycogen synthase kinase-3 in insulin and Wnt signalling: a double-edged sword?, Biochem. Soc. Trans., 32, 803, 10.1042/BST0320803 Petersen, 2018, Mechanisms of insulin action and insulin resistance, Physiol. Rev., 98, 2133, 10.1152/physrev.00063.2017 Petroni, 2021, Management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, BMJ, 372 Qiang, 2016, Demethyleneberberine attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with activation of AMPK and inhibition of oxidative stress, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 472, 603, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.019 Russo, 2018, Properties and functions of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity, Immunology, 155, 407, 10.1111/imm.13002 Samuel, 2018, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a nexus of metabolic and hepatic diseases, Cell Metab., 27, 22, 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.08.002 Sengupta, 2017, Differential roles of 3-hydroxyflavone and 7-hydroxyflavone against nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rat renal proximal tubule cells, PLoS One, 12, 10.1371/journal.pone.0179777 Singh, 2009, Fungal spore germination inhibition by alkaloids dehydrocorydalmine and oxyberberine, J. Plant Prot. Res., 49, 287, 10.2478/v10045-009-0046-9 Singh, 2016, Cytotoxicity of alkaloids isolated from Argemone Mexicana on SW480 human colon cancer cell line, Pharm. Biol., 54, 740, 10.3109/13880209.2015.1073334 Tan, 2016, Rhizoma Coptidis: a potential cardiovascular protective agent, Front. Pharmacol., 7, 362, 10.3389/fphar.2016.00362 Tan, 2019, Dihydroberberine, a hydrogenated derivative of berberine firstly identified in Phellodendri Chinese cortex, exerts anti-inflammatory effect via dual modulation of NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways, Int. Immunopharmacol., 75, 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105802 Titchenell, 2017, Unraveling the regulation of hepatic metabolism by insulin, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 28, 497, 10.1016/j.tem.2017.03.003 Wang, 2015, The brown fat secretome: metabolic functions beyond thermogenesis, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 26, 231, 10.1016/j.tem.2015.03.002 Wang, 2018, Metformin and berberine, two versatile drugs in treatment of common metabolic diseases, Oncotarget, 9, 10135, 10.18632/oncotarget.20807 Wang, 2019, Coptidis Rhizoma: a comprehensive review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, Pharm. Biol., 57, 193, 10.1080/13880209.2019.1577466 Winder, 1999, AMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: possible roles in type 2 diabetes, Am. J. Physiol., 277, E1 Zhang, 2012, Pharmacokinetics-pharmacology disconnection of herbal medicines and its potential solutions with cellular pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic strategy, Curr. Drug Metab., 13, 558, 10.2174/1389200211209050558 Zhang, 2019, Berberine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats via activation of SIRT3/AMPK/ACC pathway, Curr. Med. Sci., 39, 37, 10.1007/s11596-019-1997-3 Zhang, 2018, Octahydrocurcumin, a final hydrogenated metabolite of curcumin, possesses superior anti-tumor activity through induction of cellular apoptosis, Food Funct., 9, 2005, 10.1039/C7FO02048A Zhang, 2014, Berberine activates thermogenesis in white and brown adipose tissue, Nat. Commun., 5, 5493, 10.1038/ncomms6493 Zhang, 2018, Curcumin's metabolites, tetrahydrocurcumin and octahydrocurcumin, possess superior anti-inflammatory effects in vivo through suppression of TAK1-NF-kappaB pathway, Front. Pharmacol., 9, 1181, 10.3389/fphar.2018.01181 Zhu, 2016, The potential mechanisms of berberine in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Molecules, 21, 1336, 10.3390/molecules21101336