Vai trò điều trị và chẩn đoán của thiết bị điện trong suy tim cấp tính

Frieder Braunschweig1
1Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Các thiết bị điện, bao gồm máy pacemaker liệu pháp đồng bộ tim (CRT), máy khử rung tim cấy ghép (ICD) và sự kết hợp của cả hai, là một phương pháp điều trị quan trọng trong liệu pháp suy tim mãn tính vừa đến nặng. Hiệu quả của các thiết bị này trong điều trị suy tim cấp tính chưa được đánh giá một cách hệ thống. Tuy nhiên, những tác động lâm sàng tích cực của CRT dẫn đến việc giảm đáng kể tỷ lệ nhập viện liên quan đến suy tim. Các thiết bị này cũng cung cấp các ứng dụng chẩn đoán độc đáo bằng cách đo liên tục các thông số sinh lý hữu ích theo thời gian. Đặc biệt, việc theo dõi điện trở nội ngực và áp lực thất phải cho phép phát hiện sự thay đổi trong tải trọng thể tích ở giai đoạn sớm trước khi phát triển các triệu chứng lâm sàng. Thông tin này có thể giúp ngăn chặn sự tiến triển thêm đến suy tim cấp và tránh việc nhập viện cũng như các sự kiện lâm sàng cấp tính. Sử dụng công nghệ viễn thông hiện đại, bệnh nhân cũng có thể được theo dõi từ xa trong môi trường sinh hoạt hàng ngày của họ. Do đó, việc tích hợp công nghệ thiết bị vào các chương trình quản lý suy tim đòi hỏi sự hợp tác chặt chẽ giữa các chuyên gia suy tim và các nhà điện sinh lý học. Bài tổng quan này đề cập đến các khía cạnh điều trị và chẩn đoán của liệu pháp thiết bị trong bối cảnh suy tim cấp tính.

Từ khóa

#thiết bị điện #suy tim cấp tính #máy pacemaker CRT #máy khử rung tim ICD #theo dõi điện trở nội ngực #quản lý suy tim

Tài liệu tham khảo

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