The virulence of dread rumors: A field experiment

Allport, 1947 Anthony, 1980, Anxiety and rumor, Journal of Social Psychology, 89, 91, 10.1080/00224545.1973.9922572 Back, 1950, The methodology of studying rumor transmission, Human Relations, 3, 307, 10.1177/001872675000300304 Cohen, 1985, Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis, Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310, 10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310 Crano, 1986 Deaux, 1985, Sex and gender, Annual Review of Psychology, 36, 49, 10.1146/annurev.ps.36.020185.000405 Declerque, 1986, Rumor, misinformation and oral contraceptive use in Egypt, Social Science Medicine, 23, 83, 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90327-8 De Fleur, 1987, The growth and decline of research on the diffusion of news, Communication Research, 14, 109, 10.1177/009365087014001006 Jaeger, 1980, Who hears what from whom with what effect: a study of rumor, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6, 473, 10.1177/014616728063024 Knapp, 1944, A psychology of rumor, Public Opinion Quarterly, 8, 22, 10.1086/265665 Levin, 1985, An exploratory analysis of sex differences in gossip, Sex Roles, 12, 281, 10.1007/BF00287594 Porter, 1984, Birth control discontinuance as a diffusion process, Studies in Family Planning, 15, 20, 10.2307/1965481 Rosnow, 1980, Psychology of rumor reconsidered, Psychological Bulletin, 87, 578, 10.1037/0033-2909.87.3.578 Rosnow, 1988, Rumor as communication: a contextualist approach, Journal of Communication, 38, 1, 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1988.tb02033.x Rosnow, 1987, Factors influencing rumor spreading: replication and extension, Language and Communication, 7, 1 Rosnow, 1988, Focused tests of significance and effect size estimation in counseling psychology, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35, 203, 10.1037/0022-0167.35.2.203 Rosnow, 1986, Belief in rumor and likelihood of rumor transmission, Language and Communication, 6, 189, 10.1016/0271-5309(86)90022-4 Rothbaum, 1982, Changing the world and changing the self: a two-process model of perceived control, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 5, 10.1037/0022-3514.42.1.5 Seligman, 1975 Spielberger, 1971, Anxiety as an emotional state, Vol. 1 Tesser, 1975, The reluctance to transmit bad news, Vol. 8 Walker, 1987, The effect of state anxiety on rumor transmission, Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 2, 353