The vasodilator role of adenosine

Adelstein, 1978, Phosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin ligh chain kinase by the catalytic subunit of adenosine 3′:5′-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 253, 8347, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)34295-3 Afonso, 1970, Inhibition of coronary vasodilating action of dipyridamole and adenosine by aminophylline in the dog, Circ. Res., 26, 743, 10.1161/01.RES.26.6.743 Afonso, 1967, Enhancement of coronary vasodilator actionof adenosine triphosphate by dipyridamole, Circ. Res., 20, 403, 10.1161/01.RES.20.4.403 Afonso, 1970, Inhibition of cardiovascular, metabolic and haemodynamic effects of adenosine by aminophylline, Am. J. Physiol., 219, 1672, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1970.219.6.1672 Afonso, 1972, Coronary vasodilator responses to hypoxia before and after amphetamine, J. Physiol. Lond., 221, 589, 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009769 Anand-Srivastava, 1985, Stimulation of adenylate cyclase by adenosine and other agonists in mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells in culture, Life Sci., 37, 857, 10.1016/0024-3205(85)90521-1 Bacchus, 1982, Adenosine and coronary blood flow in conscious dogs during normal physiologic stimuli, Am. J. Physiol., 243, H628 Bache, 1985, Effect of adenosine receptor blockade on coronary blood flow during exercise in the dog, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 5, 444 Ballard, 1984, Release of adenosine into blood from contracting skeletal muscles in dogs, J. Physiol., 348, 78P Bardenheuer, 1987, Increased adenosine formation by the human heart during regional ischemia, 46, 1402 Belloni, 1979, The role of adenosine in prolonged vasodilation following flow-restricted exercise of canine skeletal muscle, Circ. Res., 44, 759, 10.1161/01.RES.44.6.759 Berne, 1963, Cardiac nucleotides in hypoxia: possible role in regulation of coronary blood flow, Am. J. Physiol., 204, 217, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1963.204.2.317 Berne, 1971, Adenosine and adenine nucleotides as possible mediators of cardiac and skeletal muscle blood flow regulation, Circ. Res., 28, 115 Berne, 1983, Blood flow regulation by adenosine in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle, 293 Bittar, 1970, Potentiation by dipyridamole of myocardial reactive hyperaemia in the dog, Pharmac. Res. Commun., 2, 231, 10.1016/S0031-6989(70)80008-X Bittar, 1971, Myocardial reactive hyperaemia responses in the dog after aminophylline and lidoflazine, Am. J. Physiol., 220, 812, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.3.812 Bockamn, 1979, Adenosine production in skeletal muscles of different fibers types, 145 Bockman, 1981, Increased adenosine in cerebrospinal fluid during the autoregulatory response to midl hypotension, 243 Bockman, 1982, Adenosine and active hyperaemia in dog gracilis muscle, 41, 1680 Borgers, 1971, Adenosine-producing sites in the mammalian heart: a cytochemical study, J. Molec. Cell Cardiol., 3, 287, 10.1016/0022-2828(71)90047-2 Borgers, 1971, Localization of specific phosphatase activities in canine coronary blood vessels and heart muscle, J. Histochem. Cytochem., 19, 526, 10.1177/19.9.526 Bradley, 1985, Cellular Ca2+ monitored by aequorin in adenosine-mediated smooth muscle relaxation, Am. J. Physiol., 248, H109 Brown, 1983, Adeonosine A1 receptor mediated inhibition of nerve stimulation-induced contractions of the rabbit portal vein, Eur. J. Pharmac., 93, 277, 10.1016/0014-2999(83)90148-6 Bruns, 1980, Adenosine receptor activation in human fibroblasts: nucleoside agonists and antagonists, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmac., 58, 673, 10.1139/y80-110 Bruns, 1980, Adenosine receptors in brain membranes: Binding of N6-cyclohexy[3H] adenosine and 1,3 diethyl-8-[3H] phenylxanthine, 77, 5547 Bruns, 1988, Adenosine antagonist as pharmacological tools, 39 Bunag, 1964, Influence of pyrimidopyridine derivative on deamination of adenosine by blood, Circ. Res., 15, 83, 10.1161/01.RES.15.1.83 Burnstock, 1978, A basis for distingushing two types of purigenic receptor, 107 Cassis, 1986, Mechanics of adenosine- and ATP-induced relaxation in the rabbit femoral artery: role of the endothelium and cyclic nucleotides, 486 Collis, 1985, Are there two types of adenosine receptors in peripheral tissues?, 75 Collis, 1988, Cardiac and renal effects of adenosine antagonists in vivo, 259 Collis, 1983, Adenosine relaxes the aorta by interacting with an A2 receptors and an intracellular site, Eur. J. Pharmac., 96, 61, 10.1016/0014-2999(83)90529-0 Collis, 1986, Investigation of the receptors mediating in vivo vasodilator responses to ATP and adenosine, Br. J. Pharmac., 89, 847P Collis, 1979, Isoproterenol-induced relaxation of venous smooth muscle contracted by agents which mobilize different calcium pools, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther., 209, 359 Collis, 1984, Evidence that the positive inotropic effects of the alkyxanthines are not due to adenosine receptor blockade, Br. J. Pharmac., 81, 401, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1984.tb10092.x Collis, 1985, Comparison of the potency of 8-phenyltheophylline as an antagonist at A1 and A2 adenosine receptors in atria and aorta from the guinea-pig, J. Pharm. Pharmac., 37, 278, 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb05063.x Collis, 1986, Evidence that the inracellular effects of adenosine in the guinea-pig aorta are mediated by inosine, Eur. J. Pharmac., 121, 141, 10.1016/0014-2999(86)90404-8 Collis, 1987, Apparent affinity of some 8-phenyl-substituted xanthines at adenosine receptors in guinea-pig aorta and atria, Br. J. Pharmac., 92, 69, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11297.x Cotterell, 1979, Adenosine and hind-limb vascular resistance in the dog, J. Physiol., 290, 47P Curnish, 1972, Effect of aminophylline on myocardial reactive hyperaemia, 141, 593 Daly, 1982, Adenosine receptors: targets for future drugs, J. Med. Chem., 25, 197, 10.1021/jm00345a001 Degenering, 1976, Effect of dipyridamole on myocardial adenosine metabolism and coronary flow in hypoxia and reactive hyperaemia in the isolated perfused guinea-pig heart, J. Molec. Cell Cardiol., 8, 877, 10.1016/0022-2828(76)90070-5 DeMey, 1981, Role of the intima in cholinergic and purinergic relaxation of isolated canine femoral arteries, J. Physiol. Lond., 316, 347, 10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013792 DeMey, 1982, Heterogenous behaviour of the canine arterial and venous wall: importance of the endothelium, Circ. Res., 51, 439, 10.1161/01.RES.51.4.439 DeMey, 1979, Modulation of the evoked release of noradrenaline in canine saphenous vein via presynaptic receptors for adenosine but not ATP, Eur. J. Pharmac., 55, 401, 10.1016/0014-2999(79)90115-8 Dobson, 1971, Role of adenine nucleotides, adenosine and inorganic phosphate in the regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow, Circ. Res., 29, 375, 10.1161/01.RES.29.4.375 Dole, 1985, Role of adenosine in coronary blood flow regulation after reductions in perfusion pressure, Circ. Res., 56, 517, 10.1161/01.RES.56.4.517 Dolphin, 1986, Inhibition of calcium currents by the adenosine analogue 2-chloroadenosine involves GTP binding proteins, Br. J. Pharmac., 89, 780P Dora, 1984, Effect of topical adenosine deaminase treatment on the functional hyperaemic and hypoxic responses of cerebrocortical microcirculation, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 4, 447, 10.1038/jcbfm.1984.64 Dresse, 1982, Pharmacokinetics of dipyridamole (persantine) and its effects on platelet adenosine uptake in man, Eur. J. Clin. Pharmac., 23, 229, 10.1007/BF00547559 Drury, 1929, The physiological activity of adenine compounds with special reference to their action upon the mammalian heart, J. Physiol., Lond., 68, 213, 10.1113/jphysiol.1929.sp002608 Dutta, 1980, Effects of adenosine on the uptake and efflux of calcium by coronary arteries of dog, 39, 530 Edvinsson, 1983, Characterization of adenosine receptors in isolated cerebral arteries of cat, Br. J. Pharmac., 80, 631, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb10052.x Emerson, 1981, Involvement of adenosine in cerebral hypoxic hyperaemia in dog, Am. J. Physiol., 241, H138 Enero, 1977, Possible feed-back inhibition of noradrenaline release by purine compounds, Naunyn. Schmeidebergs Arch. Pharmak., 297, 39, 10.1007/BF00508808 Feigl, 1983, Coronary physiology, Physiol. Rev., 63, 1, 10.1152/physrev.1983.63.1.1 Fenton, 1982, Effect of adenosine on calcium uptake by intact and cultured vascular smooth muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 242, H797 Fenton, 1986, β-Adrenergic stimulation elevates heart interstitial (epicardial transudate) adenosine levels, 45, 782 Fox, 1974, Release of adenosine from human hearts during angina induced by rapid atrial pacing, J. Clin. Invest., 53, 1447, 10.1172/JCI107693 Fredholm, 1987, Effects of N-ethylmaleimide and forskolin on noradrenaline release from rat hippocampal slices. Evidence that prejunctional adenosine and α-receptors are linked to N-proteins but not to adenylate cyclase, Acta Physiol. Scand., 130, 95, 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08116.x Fredholm, 1983, Adenosine in the regulation of neurotransmitter release in the peripheral nervous system, 479 Grick, 1976, Studies of 5′-nucleotidase in perfused rat heart including measurements of the enzyme in perfused skeletal muscle and liver, J. Biol. Chem., 251, 6372, 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)81871-7 Frick, 1978, Vectorial production of adenosine by 5′-nucleotidase in the perfused rat heart, J. Biol. Chem., 253, 1240, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38136-X Fuchs, 1981, Adenosine release from skeletal muscle during free-flow exercise, Physiologist, 24, 76 Furchgott, 1983, Role of endothelium in responses of vascular smooth muscle, Circ. Res., 53, 557, 10.1161/01.RES.53.5.557 Furchgott, 1984, The role of endothelium in the responses of vascular smooth muscle to drugs, A. Rev. Pharmac. Tox., 24, 175, 10.1146/annurev.pa.24.040184.001135 Furchgott, 1980, The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine, Nature, 288, 373, 10.1038/288373a0 Gewirtz, 1983, Role of adenosine in the maintenance of coronary vasodilation distal to a severe coronary stenosis, Circ. Res., 53, 42, 10.1161/01.RES.53.1.42 Gerwitz, 1984, Role of adenosine in mediating coronary autoregulation under basal conditions, Circulation, 70, 14 Gewirtz, 1987, Role of adenosine in mediating the coronary vasodilator response to acute hypoxia, Cardioasc. Res., 21, 81, 10.1093/cvr/21.2.81 Gibson, 1972, Properties of 5′-nucleotidase from avian heart, Biochemistry, 11, 223, 10.1021/bi00752a013 Giles, 1977, Reactive in the dog heart: interrelations between adenosine, ATP, and aminophylline and the effect of indomethacin, Carciovasc. Res., 11, 113, 10.1093/cvr/11.2.113 Gordon, 1983, Endothelium-dependent relaxation of the pig aorta: relationship to stimulation of 86Rb efflux from isolated endothelial cells, Br. J. Pharmac., 79, 531, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb11028.x Gottstein, 1972, The effect of intracarotid aminophylline infusion on the cerebral circulation, Stroke, 3, 560, 10.1161/01.STR.3.5.560 Hanley, 1983, Direct measurement of left ventricular interstitial adenosine, Am. J. Physiol., 245, H327 Hardebo, 1987, P1- and P2-purinergic receptors in brain circulation, Eur. J. Pharmac., 144, 343, 10.1016/0014-2999(87)90387-6 Harder, 1979, Differential effects of adenosine and nitroglycerin of large and small coronary arteries, Circ. Res., 44, 176, 10.1161/01.RES.44.2.176 Hashimoto, 1964, Mode of action of adenine, uridine and cytidine nucleotides and 2,6-bis (diethanol-amino)-4,8-dipiperidino-pyrimidino (5,4-d) pyrimidine on the coronary renal and femoral arteries, Arzneim. Forsch., 14, 1252 Heistad, 1980, Effect of acetylcholine, vasoactive intestinal peptide and adenosine on cerebral blood flow, Blood Vessels, 17, 151 Herlihy, 1976, Adenosine relaxation of isolated vascular smooth muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 230, 1239, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1976.230.5.1239 Hoffman, 1984, The role of adenosine in CBF increase during hypoxia in young vs aged rats, Stroke, 15, 124, 10.1161/01.STR.15.1.124 Hom, 1981, Presynaptic inhibition of vascular sympathetic neurotransmission by adenosine, Eur. J. Pharmac., 69, 101, 10.1016/0014-2999(81)90607-5 Honig, 1980, Role of adenosine in exercise vasodilation in dog gracilis muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 238, H703 Hopkins, 1973, The potentiation of the action of adenosine on the guinea-pig heart, Biochem. Pharmac., 22, 341, 10.1016/0006-2952(73)90415-2 Itoh, 1985, Evidence for existence of a cytosol 5′-nucleotidase in chicken heart: comparison of some properties of heart and liver enzymes, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 81, 159, 10.1016/0305-0491(85)90177-4 Jarvis, 1983, Nucleoside transport in human erythrocytes, Biochem. J., 210, 457, 10.1042/bj2100457 Jones, 1982, Effect of aminophylline on coronary functional hyperaemia and myocardial adenosine, Am. J. Physiol., 243, H480 Juhran, 1971, Pharmacological effects on coronary reactive hyperaemia in conscious dogs, Naunyn-Schmeidebergs Arch. Pharmac., 269, 32, 10.1007/BF01422014 Kammermeir, 1985, Concentrations of adenosine and inosine in the interstitial fluid of isolated perfused rat hearts, J. Molec. Cell Cardiol., 17, 7 Karim, 1986, Contribution of adenosine to vasodilation in active skeletal muscle, Blood Vessels, 23, 81 Kennedy, 1984, Evidence for an inhibitory pre-junctional P1-purinocetor in the rat portal vein with characteristics of the A2 subr-type, Eur. J. Pharmac., 100, 363, 10.1016/0014-2999(84)90014-1 Kennedy, 1985, ATP produces vasodilatatoni via P1-purinoceptors and vasoconstriction via P2-purinoceptors in the isolated rabbit central ear artery, Blood Vessels, 22, 145 Kille, 1981, Potentiation of post-exercise hyperaemia by dipyridamole in the canine gracilis muscle in situ, Physiologist, 24, 75 Kille, 1984, Adenosine as a mediator of post-contraction hyperaemia in dog gracilis muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 246, H274 Kjellmer, 1965, On the competition between metabolic vasodilation and neurogenic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle, Acta. Physiol. Scand., 63, 450, 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1965.tb04088.x Klabunde, 1987, Effects of adenosine on sympathetic vasconstriction in dog gracilis muscle, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther., 240, 106 Knoll, 1985, Adenosine in unimportant in controlling coronary blood flow in unstressed dog hearts, Am. J. Physiol., 249, H1176 Kontos, 1981, Role of adenosine in cerebral arteriolar dilation from arterial hypoxia, 40, 454 Kubler, 1970, Influence of dipyrimidamole (persantin) on myocardial adenosine metabolism, J. Molec. Cell Cardiol., 1, 23, 10.1016/0022-2828(70)90026-X Kukovetz, 1978, Role of cyclic nucleotides in adenosine-mediated regulation of coronary flow, Adv. Cyclic Nucleotide Res., 9, 397 Kusachi, 1983, Ligand selectivity of dog coronary adenosine receptor resembles that of adenylate cyclase stimulatory (Ra) receptors, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther., 227, 316 Lammerant, 1975, Inhibition of pacing-induced coronary dilation by aminophylline, Cardiovasc. Res., 9, 532, 10.1093/cvr/9.4.532 Londos, 1980, Subclasses of external adenosine receptors, 77, 2551 Lowenstein, 1983, Regulation of adenosine metabolism by 5′-nucleotidase, 117 Magnussen, 1977, The effect of intra-arterial administered aminophylline on cerebral hemodynamics in man, Acta Neurol. Scand., 55, 131, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05633.x McKenzie, 1987, Effect of theophylline on adenosine production in the canine myocardium, Am. J. Physiol., 252, 204 Mellander, 1968, Control of resistance, exchange and capacitance functions in the peripheral circulation, Pharmac. Rev., 20, 117 Merrill, 1985, Adenosine deaminase attenuates norepinephrine-induced coronary functional hyperaemia, Physiologist, 28, 340 Merrill, 1986, Adenosine deaminase attenuates canine coronary vasodilation during systemic hypoxia, Am. J. Physiol., 250, H579 Miller, 1979, Canine myocardial adenosine and lactate production, oxygen consumptionl, and coronary flow duing stellate ganglia stimulation, Circ. Res., 45, 708, 10.1161/01.RES.45.6.708 Mohrman, 1984, Effect of aminophylline on adenosine and exercise and exercise dilation of rat cremaster muscles, Am. J. Physiol., 246, H592 Morii, 1983, Effect of theophylline, an adenosine receptor blocker, on cerebral blood flow (CBF) during rest and transient hypoxia, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 3, S480 Morri, 1984, The effects of theophylline on cerebral blood flow during sustained hypoxia, 43, 512 Morii, 1987, Role of adenosine in regulation of cerebral blood flow: effects of theophylline during normoxia and hypoxia, Am. J. Physiol., 253, H165 Moylan, 1979, Effect of adenosine on adrenergic neurotransmission in the superfused rat portal vein, Blood Vessels, 16, 302 Mustafa, 1985, Evidence suggesting an Ra-type adenosine receptor in bovine coronary arteries, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther., 232, 49 Nakatsu, 1972, Adenylate metabolism and adenosine formation in the heart, Am. J. Physiol., 223, 1119, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1972.223.5.1119 Newby, 1986, Critical evaluation of the role of ecto- and cytosolic 5′-nucleotidase in adenosine formation, 155 Ngai, 1987, Cerebral vasoactivity of inosine: potentiation of adenosine induced vasodilation, 46, 800 Ohlstein, 1985, Cyclic guanosine monophosphate mediates vascular relaxation induced by atrial natriuretic factor, Hypertension, 7, 306, 10.1161/01.HYP.7.2.306 Olsson, 1976, Evidence for an adenosine receptor on the surface of dog coronary myocytes, Circ. Res., 39, 93, 10.1161/01.RES.39.1.93 Olsson, 1982, Compartmentalization of the adenosine pool of dog and rat hearts, Circ. Res., 50, 617, 10.1161/01.RES.50.5.617 Palmer, 1982, Adenosine receptors in capillaries and PIA-arachnoid of rat cerebral cortex, Eur. J. Pharmac., 81, 129, 10.1016/0014-2999(82)90610-0 Palmer, 1987, Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, Nature, Lond., 327, 524, 10.1038/327524a0 Pearson, 1978, Uptake and metabolism of adenosine by pig aortic endothelial and smooth-muscle cells in culture, Biochem. J., 170, 265, 10.1042/bj1700265 Phair, 1979, Adenosine content of skeletal muscle during active hyperaemia and ischaemic contraction, Am. J. Physiol., 237, H1 Proctor, 1984, Reduction of contraction-induced arteriolar vasodilation by adenosine deaminase or theophylline, Am. J. Physiol., 247, H195 Proctor, 1982, Adenosine and free flow functional hyperaemia in striated muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 242, H688 Rapaport, 1983, Agonist-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat thoracic aorta may be mediated through cGMP, Circ. Res., 52, 352, 10.1161/01.RES.52.3.352 Remensnijder, 1962, Functional sympatholysis during muscular activity. Observations on influence of carotid sinus on oxygen uptake, Circ. Res., 11, 370, 10.1161/01.RES.11.3.370 Rowlands, 1968, Sympathetic vasoconstructive responses during exercise, or drug-induced vasodilation. A time-dependent response, Circ. Res., 23, 45, 10.1161/01.RES.23.1.45 Rubanyi, 1985, Endothelium-removal decreases relaxations of canine coronary arteries caused by beta-adrenergic agonists and adenosine, J. Cardiovasc. Pharmac., 7, 139, 10.1097/00005344-198501000-00023 Rubio, 1969, Release of adenosine in reactive hyperaemia of the dog heart, Am. J. Physiol., 216, 56, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.216.1.56 Rubio, 1973, Sites of adenosine production in cardiac and skeletal muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 225, 938, 10.1152/ajplegacy.1973.225.4.938 Saito, 1981, Intracoronary adenosine deaminase reduces canine myocardial reactive hyperaemia, Circ. Res., 49, 1262, 10.1161/01.RES.49.6.1262 Schaumann, 1970, Antagonism of circulation effect of adenosine by theophylline, Arzneim. Forsch., 20, 372 Scholar, 1979, Effect of purine compounds on the vascular responsiveness of bovine coronary and lingual arteries, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn., 238, 257 Schrader, 1976, Compartmentation of cardiac adenine nucleotides and formation of adenosine, Pflugers Arch., 367, 129, 10.1007/BF00585148 Schrader, 1980, Increased adenosine content in cerebral cortex of the cat during bicuculline-induced seizure, Pflugers Arch., 387, 245, 10.1007/BF00580977 Schrader, 1981, Role of S-adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase in adenosine metabolism in mammalian heart, Biochem. J., 196, 65, 10.1042/bj1960065 Schultz, 1978, The purine nucleotide cycle, J. Biol. Chem., 253, 1938, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)62338-0 Schutz, 1977, Effect of aminophylline on coronary reactive hyperaemia following brief and long occlusion periods, Cardiovasc. Res., 11, 507, 10.1093/cvr/11.6.507 Schutz, 1981, Different sites of adenosine formation in the heart, Am. J. Physiol., 240, H963 Schutz, 1982, Functional identification of adenylate cyclase-coupled adenosine receptors in rat brain microvessels, Eur. J. Pharmac., 85, 177, 10.1016/0014-2999(82)90463-0 Schwartz, 1986, Attenuation of active hyperemia by adenosine deaminase in soleus and gracilis muscle of cats, 45, 164 Silver, 1984, Adenosine-mediated relaxation and activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein-kinase in coronary arterial smooth muscle, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther., 228, 342 Skinhoj, 1970, The mechanism of action of aminophylline upon cerebral vascular disorders, Acta. Neurol. Scand., 46, 129, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1970.tb05612.x Smellie, 1979, Alkylxanthines: Inhibition of adenosine-elicited accumulation of cyclic AMP in brain sites and of brain phosphodiesterase activity, Life Sci., 24, 2475, 10.1016/0024-3205(79)90458-2 Snow, 1973, Myocardial blood purine nucleoside concentration ratios in canine myocardium, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 39, 41, 10.1007/978-1-4615-9020-0_4 Steffen, 1983, Changes in dog gracilis muscle adenosine during exercise and acetate infusion, Am. J. Physiol., 244, H387 Su, 1978, Purigenic inhibition of adrenergic transmission in rabbit blood vessels, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther., 204, 351 Subbarao, 1977, Binding of dipyridamole to human platelets and to α, acid glycoprotein and its significance for inhibition of adenosine uptake, J. Clin. Invest., 60, 936, 10.1172/JCI108848 Tabaie, 1977, Reduction of exercise dilation by theophylline, 154, 93 Thompson, 1980, Changes in adenosine and glycoge phosphorylase activity during the cardiac cycle, Am. J. Physiol., 238, H389 Thompson, 1986, Aminophylline and interstitial adenosine during sustained exercise hyperaemia, Am. J. Physiol., 251, H1232 Thomson, 1975, Comparison of the adenine nucleotide metabolism of dog atrial and ventricular myocardium, J. Molec. Cell. Cardiol., 7, 115, 10.1016/0022-2828(75)90013-9 Tominaga, 1980, Adenosine release during early and sustained exercise of canine skeletal muscle, Am. J. Physiol., 238, H156 Trost, 1977, Effects of adenosine derivatives on cAMP accumulation and lipolysis in rat adipocytes and on adenylate cyclase in adipocyte plasma membranes, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmac., 299, 33, 10.1007/BF00508634 Van Calker, 1979, Adenosine regulates via two different types of receptors, the accumulation of cyclic AMP in cultured brain cells, J. Neurochem., 33, 999, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1979.tb05236.x Van Wylen, 1986, Increases in cerebral interstitial fluid adenosine concentration during hypoxia, local potassium infusion and ischaemia, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 6, 522, 10.1038/jcbfm.1986.97 Van Wylen, 1987, Brain dialysate adenosine (ADO) concentration during cerebral autoregulation in the adult rat, 46, 354 Vanhoutte, 1981, Calcium dependence of prejunctional inhibitory effects of adenosine and acetylcholine on adrenergic neurotransmission in canine saphenous veins, Eur. J. Pharmac., 72, 189, 10.1016/0014-2999(81)90273-9 Verhaeghe, 1977, Action of adenosine and adenine nucleotides on dogs isolated veins, Am. J. Physiol., 233, H114 Verhaeghe, 1977, Inhibition of sympathetic neurotransmission in canine blood vessels by adenosine and adenine nucleotides, Circ. Res., 40, 208, 10.1161/01.RES.40.2.208 Wadsworth, 1972, The effects of aminophylline on the increased myocardial blood flow produced by systemic hypoxia or by coronary artery occlusion, Eur. J. Pharmac., 20, 130, 10.1016/0014-2999(72)90229-4 Wahl, 1976, The dilatory action of adenosine in the pial arteries of cats and its inhibition by theophylline, Pflugers Arch., 362, 55, 10.1007/BF00588681 Watkinson, 1979, Myocardial adenosine formation with increased cardiac performance in the dog, Am. J. Physiol., 236, H13 Westfall, 1977, Local regulation of adrenergic neurotransmission, Physiol. Rev., 57, 659, 10.1152/physrev.1977.57.4.659 Winn, 1979, Brain adenosine production in the rat during 60 seconds of ischaemia, Circ. Res., 45, 486, 10.1161/01.RES.45.4.486 Winn, 1980, Changes in brain adenosine during bicuculline-induced seizures in rats: Effects of hypoxia and altered systemic blood pressure, Circ. Res., 47, 568, 10.1161/01.RES.47.4.568 Winn, 1981, Brain adenosine concentration during hypoxia in rat, Am. J. Physiol., 241, H235 Winn, 1981, The role of adenosine in the regulation of cerebral blood flow, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 1, 239, 10.1038/jcbfm.1981.29 Young, 1983, Comparative effects of adenosine and nifedipine in rabbit vascular smooth muscle, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmac., 61, 1057, 10.1139/y83-157