The urban hierarchy in medieval Staffordshire

Reynolds, 1977 Aston, 1976 Brooks, 1977, Planning and growth in the medieval Scottish burgh Transactions, Institute of British Geographers N.S., 2, 278, 10.2307/621832 Slater, 1982, Urban genesis and medieval town plans, in Warwickshire and Worcestershire, 173 Coates, 1965, The origin and distribution of markets and fairs in medieval Derbyshire, Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 85, 92 Palliser, 1971, The markets of medieval Staffordshire North Staffs, Journal of Field Studies, 11, 49 Unwin, 1981, Rural marketing in medieval Nottinghamshire, Journal of Historical Geography, 7, 231, 10.1016/0305-7488(81)90001-3 Britnell, 1981, The proliferation of markets in England 1200–1349, Economic History Review, 34, 209 Britnell, 1979, King John's early grants of markets and fairs, English Historical Review, 170, 90, 10.1093/ehr/XCIV.CCCLXX.90 R. H. Hilton, A medieval society: the West Midlands at the end of the thirteenth century (London 1966) 167–216. W. G. Hoskins, Local history in England (London, 1959) 236–41 The most important subsequent commentary is that by R. E. Glasscock, England circa 1334, chapter 4 of H.C. Darby (ed.), A new historical geography of England (Cambridge 1973) Hadwin, 1983, The medieval lay subsidies and economic history, Economic History Review, 36, 200, 10.1111/j.1468-0289.1983.tb01229.x Beresford, 1963, The Lay Subsidies and Poll Taxes Willard, 1934 M. J.Stanley, Medieval tax returns as source material, pp. 231–257 of of Slater and Jarvis (1982) op. cit. provides an introduction to the physical landscape Darby, 1954, The Domesday geography of Midland England, 198 Cantor, 1968, The medieval forests and chases of Staffordshire North Staffs, Journal of Field Studies, 8, 39 Bazeley, 1921, The extent of the English Forest in the thirteenth century, Transactions of Royal Historical Society, 4, 140, 10.2307/3678331 Cantor, 1962, The medieval deer parks of North Staffordshire, North Staffs. Journal of Field Studies, 2, 72 Cantor, 1964, The medieval deer parks of North Staffordshire, North Staffs. Journal of Field Studies, 4, 61 Cantor, 1963, The medieval deer parks of North Staffordshire, North Staffs. Journal of Field Studies, 80, 1 M. W. Beresford and H. P. R. Finberg, English medieval boroughs: a handlist (Newton Abbot 1973) 21–58 supplemented by M. W. Beresford, English medieval boroughs: a hand list; revisions 1973–81 Urban history yearbook 1981 (Leicester 1981) 59–66 ibid; for the East Midlands see Unwin (1981) op. cit. J. Tait, The medieval English borough (Manchester 1936) 354–8 de Hemmeon, 1914 M. W. Beresford New towns of the Middle Ages (London 1967) 486–9 Taylor, 1969, The origins of Lichfield Transactions South Staffs, Archaeological and Historical Society, 13, 1 Underhill, 1941, History of Burton-upon-Trent, 34 Hooke, 1983 Darby, 1954, The Domesday geography of Midland England J. Morris (ed.) The Domesday Book: Staffordshire (Chichester 1976) 248c Palliser, 1972, The boroughs of medieval Staffordshire North Staffs, Journal of Field Studies, 12, 63 C. Stephenson Borough and town: a study of urban origins in England (Cambridge, Mass. 1933) 222–5 S. K. Mitchell Taxation in medieval England (Yale 1951) 277–80 C. Stephenson Borough and town: a study of urban origins in England (Cambridge, Mass. 1993) 313–20 R. A. Donkin, Changes in the early Middle Ages, chapter 3 of Darby (ed.) (1973) op. cit.; M. Biddle (ed.) Winchester in the early Middle Ages (Oxford 1976) 500–1 Stephenson (1993) op. cit. 1915, Pipe Roll 33 Henry II (1186–7), Publications Pipe Roll Society, 7 Pipe, 1941, Publications Pipe Roll Society, 19, 1205 Pipe Roll 33 Henry II op. cit. 1908, the Wolverhampton market is recorded (1179–80), Publications Pipe Roll Society, 29 Palliser (1972), op. cit. Hilton, (1966), op. cit. 1886, Staffordshire Historical Collections, 7, 194 1889, 10, 79 1975, Records of Social and Economic History, 2 See the discussion in Beresford (1963) op. cit. and Willard (1934) op. cit. Hadwin (1983) op. cit. op. cit. Stanley (1982) op. cit. Palliser (1972) op. cit. Hoskins (1959) op. cit.; the West Midland figures are extracted from Glasscock (1975) op. cit. 1896, Transactions of Midland Record Society, 1–6 Carter, 1926, The Lay Subsidy Roll for Warwickshire of 6 Edward II (1332), Publications of the Dugdale Society, 6 Palliser and Pinnock (1971) op. cit. ibid.; Britnell (1981) op. cit. notes that nine out of the nineteen chartered markets from the Anglo-Norman period, were licensed to be held on Sunday. Glasscock (1975) op. cit. Wrottesley (1889) op. cit. Wrottesley (1886) op. cit. For taxation rates of Subsidies (1934) op. cit. and Hadwin (1983) op. cit. Brief urban histories are provided in D. M. Palliser The Staffordshire landscape (London 1976) 143–67 Hadwin (1983) op. cit. Stanley comes to much the same conclusion in his study of the Warwickshire returns; Stanley (1982) op. cit. Thorpe, 1954, Lichfield, a study of its growth and function, Staffordshire Historical Collections for 1950–1, 137 Palliser (1976) op. cit. Hoskins (1959) op. cit. The 1332 return has been damaged at the entry for Penkridge which is partly missing and partly unreadable Thorpe (1959) op. cit. Beresford (1963) op. cit. L. M. Midgley, Some Staffordshire Poll Tax Returns Staffordshire Historical Collections 4th Series 6 1–25 Roughly, because the number of beneficed clergy in each place is not known. Gaydon, 1959, The taxation of 1297, Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, 39 P. D. A. Harvey A medieval Oxfordshire village: Cuxham 1240–1400 (Oxford 1965) 106–7 Hilton, 1982, Lords, burgesses and hucksters, Past & Present, 97, 1, 10.1093/past/97.1.3 Palliser, 1971, The markets of medieval Staffordshire North Staffs, Journal of Field Studies, 11, 49 Hilton (1966) A medieval society: the West Midlands at the end of the thirteenth century (London 1966) 183–5 Razi, 1980 McKinley, 1977 McKinley, 1981 Hilton, 1984, Small town society in England before the Black Death, Past and Present, 105, 53, 10.1093/past/105.1.53 Thorpe (1954) op. cit. Carus-Wilson, 1965, The first half-century of the borough of Stratford-upon-Avon, Economic History Review, 18, 46, 10.1111/j.1468-0289.1965.tb01660.x Hilton (1966) op. cit. Maddicot, 1970, Thomas of Lancaster 1307–1322, 309 Maddicot, 1888, Staffordshire Historical Collections, 9, 95 Hilton (1966) op. cit. Britnell (1981) op. cit. Hilton (1982) op. cit. Le Patourel, 1968, Documentary evidence and the medieval pottery industry, Medieval Archaeology, 12, 101, 10.1080/00766097.1968.11735307 Carver, 1979, Stafford town, West Midlands Archaeology, 72, 7