The transition from restrictive anorexia nervosa to binging and purging: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Riccardo Serra1,2,3, Chiara Di Nicolantonio1, Riccardo Di Febo1, Franco De Crescenzo4,5, Johan Vanderlinden2, Elske Vrieze2, Ronny Bruffaerts2,3, Camillo Loriedo1, Massimo Pasquini1, Lorenzo Tarsitani1
1Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
2Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
3Department of Neurosciences, Public Health Psychiatry, KULeuven, Leuven RM, Belgium
4Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
5Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Tóm tắt

Numerous studies addressed the topic of behavioral and symptomatic changes in eating disorders. Rates of transition vary widely across studies, ranging from 0 to 70.8%, depending on the diagnoses taken into account and the study design. Evidence shows that the specific transition from restrictive-type anorexia nervosa (AN-R) to disorders involving binging and purging behaviors (BPB) is related to a worsening of the clinical picture and worse long-term outcomes. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to focus on this specific transition, review existing literature, and summarize related risk factors. Medline and PsycINFO databases were searched, including prospective and retrospective studies on individuals with AN-R. The primary outcome considered was the rate of onset of BPB. Twelve studies (N = 725 patients) were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. A total of 41.84% (95% CI 33.58–50.11) of patients with AN-R manifested BPB at some point during follow-up. Risk factors for the onset of BPB included potentially treatable and untreatable factors such as the family environment, unipolar depression and higher premorbid BMI. These findings highlight that patients with AN-R frequently transition to BPB over time, with a worsening of the clinical picture. Existing studies in this field are still insufficient and heterogeneous, and further research is needed. Mental health professionals should be aware of the frequent onset of BPB in AN-R and its risk factors and take this information into account in the treatment of AN-R. Evidence obtained from a systematic review and meta-analysis, Level I.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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