The self-esteem of adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a systematic review of the literature

ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders - Tập 6 Số 4 - Trang 249-268 - 2014
Jennifer Cook1,2, Eve Knight2, Ian Hume2, Adam Qureshi3
1Central England Rehabilitation Unit, Neuropsychology Department, Royal Leamington Spa Rehabilitation Hospital, Warwick, UK
2Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Clinical Psychology Doctorate Programme, Coventry and Warwick Universities, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
3Plymouth University Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, Devon, UK

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

References marked with an asterisk indicate studies included in the systematic review

Allport GW (1943) The ego in contemporary psychology. Psychol Rev 50(5):451–478

American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3rd edn. Author, Washington

American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd edn, rev.). Washington, Author

American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn. Author, Washington

American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn, text rev). Washington: Author

Asherson P, Adamou M, Bolea B, Muller U, Morua SD, Pitts M et al (2010) Is ADHD a valid diagnosis in adults? Yes. Br Med J 340:549

*Babinski DE, Pelham WE, Molina BSG, Gnagy EM, Waschbusch DA, Yu J et al (2011a) Late adolescent and young adult outcomes of girls diagnosed with ADHD in childhood: an exploratory investigation. J Atten Disord 15(3):204–214

*Babinski D, Pelham W Jr, Molina BG, Waschbusch D, Gnagy E, Yu J, Biswas A (2011b) Women with childhood ADHD: comparisons by diagnostic group and gender. J Psychopathol Behav Assess 33(4):420–429

Barkley RA (1997) ADHD and the nature of self-control. Guilford Press, New York

Barkley RA (1998) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment. Guilford Press, New York

Battle J (1981) Culture-free SEI self-esteem inventories for children and adults. J.B. Preston, Washington

Biederman J (2004) Impact of comorbidity in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 65(3):3–7

Biederman J, Petty CR, Evans M, Small J, Faraone SV (2010) How persistent is ADHD? A controlled 10-year follow-up study of boys with ADHD. Psychiatry Res 177(3):299–304

Biederman J, Petty CR, Clarke A, Lomedico A, Faraone SV (2011) Predictors of persistent ADHD: an 11-year follow-up study. J Psychiatry Res 45(2):150–155

Biederman J, Petty CR, O’Connor KB, Hyder LL, Faraone SV (2012) Predictors of persistence in girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results from an 11-year controlled follow-up study. Acta Psychiatry Scand 125(2):147–156

*Bramham J, Young S, Bickerdike A, Spain D, McCartan D, Xenitidis K (2009) Evaluation of group cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with ADHD. J Atten Disord 12(5):434–441

Bussing R, Zima BT, Perwien AR (2000) Self-esteem in special education children with ADHD: relationship to disorder characteristics and medication use. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39(10):1260–1269

Butler A, Hokanson J, Flynn H (1994) A comparison of self-esteem lability and low trait self-esteem as vulnerability factors for depression. J Pers Soc Psychol 66(1):166–177

Campbell JD, Lavallee LF (1993) Who am I? The role of self-concept confusion in understanding the behavior of people with low self-esteem. In: Baumeister RF (ed) Self-esteem: the puzzle of low self-regard. Plenum Press, New York, pp 3–20

*Canu WH, Carlson CL (2007) Rejection sensitivity and social outcomes of young adult men with ADHD. J Atten Disord 10(3):261–275

Canu WH, Newman ML, Morrow TL, Pope DL (2008) Social appraisal of adult ADHD: stigma and influences of the beholder’s big five personality traits. J Atten Disord 11(6):700–710

Cohen J (1992) A power primer. Psychol Bull 112(1):155–159

Conners CK, Erhardt D, Sparrow E (1999) Conners’ adult ADHD rating scales (CAARS Technical Manual). Multi-Health Systems, New York

*Dan O, Raz S (2012) The relationships among ADHD, self-esteem, and test anxiety in young adults. J Atten Disord. doi: 10.1177/1087054712454571

Davidson H, Lang G (1960) Children’s perceptions of their teacher’s feelings towards them related to self perception, school achievement and behaviour. J Exp Educ 29:107–118

De Quiros GB, Kinsbourne M (2001) Adult ADHD. Analysis of self-ratings on a behavior questionnaire. Ann N Y Acad Sci 931:140–147

*Dooling-Litfin J, Rosen LA (1997) Self-esteem in college students with a childhood history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Coll Stud Psychother 11(4):69–82

Downs SH, Black N (1998) The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Commun Health 52(6):377–384

Evangelista NM, Owens JS, Golden CM, Pelham WE (2008) The positive illusory bias: do inflated self-perceptions in children with ADHD generalize to perceptions of others? J Abnorm Child Psychol 36(5):779–791

Foley-Nicpon M, Rickels H, Assouline SG, Richards A (2012) Self-esteem and self-concept examination among gifted students with ADHD. J Educ Gifted 35(3):220–240

Friedman SR, Rapport LJ, Lumley M, Tzelepis A, VanVoorhis A, Stettner L, Kakaati L (2003) Aspects of social and emotional competence in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychology 17(1):50–58

Greenwald AG, Farnham SD (2000) Using the implicit association test to measure self-esteem and self-concept. J Pers Soc Psychol 79(6):1022–1038

Hervey AS, Epstein JN, Curry JF (2004) Neuropsychology of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Neuropsychology 18(3):485–503

Hoza B, Gerdes AC, Hinshaw SP, Arnold LE, Pelham WE, Molina BS et al (2004) Self-perceptions of competence in children with ADHD and comparison children. J Consult Clin Psychol 72(3):382–391

Hoza B, Pelham WE, Dobbs J, Owens JS, Pillow DR (2002) Do boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have positive illusory self-concepts? J Abnorm Psychol 111(2):268–278

James W (1890) Principles of psychology. Macmillan and Co, London

Joanna Briggs Institute (2008) Joanna Briggs institute reviewers’ manual. Adelaide, SA: Joanna Briggs Institute. Retrieved from, http://www.joannabriggs.edu.au/

Knouse LE, Safren SA (2010) Current status of cognitive behavioral therapy for adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Clin N Am 33(3):497–509

Kuntsi J, Eley TC, Taylor A, Hughes C, Asherson P, Caspi A, Moffitt TE (2004) Co-occurrence of ADHD and low IQ has genetic origins. Am J Med Genet B: Neuropsychiatr Genet 124(1):41–47

Lawson JS, Marshall WL, McGrath P (1979) The social self-esteem inventory. Educ Psychol Meas 39:803–811

Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche PC, Loannidis JPA et al (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 61(10):1–34

Mannuzza S, Klein RG (2000) Long-term prognosis in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Clin N Am 9(3):711–726

Maslow A (1954) Motivation and personality. Harper, New York

McElearney C, Fitzpatrick C, Farrell N, King M, Lynch B (2005) Stimulant medication in ADHD: what do children and their parents say? Ir J Psychol Med 22:5–9

Miller GA, Chapman JP (2001) Misunderstanding analysis of covariance. J Abnorm Psychol 110(1):40–48

Moncrieff J (2010) Is ADHD a valid diagnosis in adults? No. Br Med J 340:736–737

Mruk C (1999) Self-esteem: research, theory, and practice, 2nd edn. Springer, New York

Newark PE, Stieglitz R (2010) Therapy-relevant factors in adult ADHD from a cognitive behavioural perspective. ADHD Atten Defic Hyperact Disord 2(2):59–72

*Newark PE, Elsässer M, Stieglitz R (2012) Self-esteem, self-efficacy, and resources in adults with ADHD. J Atten Disord. doi: 10.1177/1087054712459561

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2008) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management of ADHD in children, young people and adults. Retrieved from, http://www.nice.org.uk/CG72

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2012) Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance (3rd edn). Retrieved from, http://www.nice.org.uk

Owens JS, Goldfine ME, Evangelista NM, Hoza B, Kaiser NM (2007) A critical review of self-perceptions and the positive illusory bias in children with ADHD. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 10(4):335–351

Paulson JF, Buermeyer C, Nelson-Gray RO (2005) Social rejection and ADHD in young adults: an analogue experiment. J Atten Disord 8(3):127–135

Pliszka SR, Carlson CL, Swanson JM (1999) ADHD with comorbid disorders: clinical assessment and management. Guilford Press, New York

Ramsay RJ, Rostain AL (2008) Cognitive-behavioural therapy for adult ADHD: an integrative psychosocial and medical approach. Routledge, London

Ratey JJ, Greenberg MS, Bemporad JR, Lindem KJ (1992) Unrecognized attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults presenting for outpatient psychotherapy. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2(4):267–275

Rosenberg MJ (1965) When dissonance fails: on eliminating evaluation apprehension from attitude measurement. J Pers Soc Psychol 1:28–42

Rosenberg M, Schooler C, Schoenbach C, Rosenberg F (1995) Global self-esteem and specific self-esteem: different concepts, different outcomes. Am Sociol Rev 60(1):141–156

*Rucklidge JJ, Kaplan BJ (1997) Psychological functioning of women identified in adulthood with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Atten Disord 2(3):167–176

*Rucklidge J, Brown D, Crawford S, Kaplan B (2007) Attributional styles and psychosocial functioning of adults with ADHD: practice issues and gender differences. J Atten Disord 10(3):288–298

Salmivalli C (2001) Feeling good about oneself, being bad to others? Remarks on self-esteem, hostility, and aggressive behaviour. Aggress Viol Behav 6(4):375–393

Sanderson S, Tatt ID, Higgins JP (2007) Tools for assessing quality and susceptibility to bias in observational studies in epidemiology: a systematic review and annotated bibliography. Int J Epidemiol 36(3):666–676

Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D (2010) CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. Br Med J 340:698–702

*Shaw-Zirt B, Popali-Lehane L, Chaplin W, Bergman A (2005) Adjustment, social skills, and self-esteem in college students with symptoms of ADHD. J Atten Disord 8(3):109–120

Shekim WO, Asarnow RF, Hess E, Zaucha K, Wheeler N (1990) A clinical and demographic profile of a sample of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, residual state. Compr Psychiatry 31(5):416–425

Silverstone PH, Salsali M (2003) Low self-esteem and psychiatric patients: part I—the relationship between low self-esteem and psychiatric diagnosis. Ann Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2(1):2–10

*Solanto MV, Marks DJ, Wasserstein J, Mitchell K, Abikoff H, Alvir JMJ, Kofman MD (2010) Efficacy of meta-cognitive therapy for adult ADHD. Am J Psychiatry 167(8):958–968

*Stevenson CS, Stevenson RJ, Whitmont S (2003) A self-directed psychosocial intervention with minimal therapist contact for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother 10(2):93–101

*Stevenson CS, Whitmont S, Bornholt L, Livesey D, Stevenson RJ (2002) A cognitive remediation programme for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 36(5):610–616

Swann WB, Chang-Schneider C, McClarty KL (2007) Do people’s self-views matter? Self-concept and self-esteem in everyday life. Am Psychol 62(2):84–94

Vidal RV, Bosch R, Nogueira M, Gómez-Barros N, Valero S, Palomar G, Ramos-Quiroga JA (2013) Psychoeducation for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder vs. cognitive behavioral group therapy: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Nerv Ment Dis 201(10):894–900

Weiss G, Hechtman L (1993) Hyperactive children grown up: ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults, 2nd edn. Guilford Press, New York

Wells LE, Marwell G (1976) Self-esteem: its conceptualization and measurement. Sage, London

Wender PH, Wolf LE, Wasserstein J (2001) Adults with ADHD. An overview. Ann N Y Acad Sci 931:1–16

Wiggins D, Singh K, Getz HG, Hutchins DE (1999) Effects of a brief group intervention for adults with ADHD. J Ment Health Couns 21(1):82–92

Wilens TE, Biederman J, Spencer TJ (2002) Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder across the lifespan. Annu Rev Med 53:113–131

World Health Organization (1979) The ICD-9 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. World Health Organization, Geneva

World Health Organization (1992) The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. World Health Organization, Geneva

Young S, Bramham J (2007) ADHD in adults: a psychological guide to practice. Wiley, Chichester

Young S, Bramham J, Gray K, Rose E (2008) The experience of receiving a diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in adulthood: a qualitative study of clinically referred patients using interpretative phenomenological analysis. J Atten Disord 11(4):493–503

Zeigler-Hill V, Jordon CH (2010) Two faces of self-esteem: implicit and explicit forms of self-esteem. In: Gawronski B, Payne BK (eds) Handbook of implicit social cognition: measurement, theory and applications. Guilford Press, New York, pp 392–407

Zwi M, York A (2004) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: validity unknown. Adv Psychiatry Treat 10(4):248–256