The sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Yinggehai–Song Hong basin and the southern Hainan margin, South China Sea: Implications for Tibetan uplift and monsoon intensification
Tóm tắt
The Yinggehai–Song Hong basin is one of the world's largest pull‐apart basins, lying along the trace of the Red River fault zone in the South China Sea. South of Hainan Island this basin crosscuts the rifted margin of the northern South China Sea. In this paper we present for the first time a regional compilation of multichannel seismic reflection data from both the strike slip and rifted margins. The basins started to open after ∼45 Ma, especially after ∼34 Ma. The Yinggehai basin was folded and inverted in the middle Miocene, after 21 Ma in the north and 14 Ma in the south, before rapidly subsiding again after ∼5 Ma because of continued tectonism. This subsidence has caused shale diapirism, especially driven by associated sedimentation in the late Pliocene (2.6–2.0 Ma). Extension along the adjacent south Hainan margin shows preferential lower crustal extension, suggestive of lower crustal flow increasing toward the continent‐ocean transition during breakup. Sediment supply is reconstructed to peak in the middle Miocene, then falls between 14 and 10.3 Ma to reach a low in the late Miocene. However, rates rose again in the Pliocene‐Pleistocene. The Red River sediment budget is incompatible with climate models that propose stronger monsoon rains starting at 8 Ma or with large‐scale river capture away from the Red River after ∼10 Ma. Both lines of evidence point to major uplift in the Red River drainage being middle Miocene or older. The recent, preindustrial Red River carried much more sediment than the average Pleistocene accumulation rate, indicating modest sediment buffering onshore, at least in recent geologic time.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Braitenberg C., 2002, Satellite Altimetry for Geodesy, Geophysics and Oceanography, 143
British Oceanographic Data Centre, 2003, GEBCO Digital Atlas, Centenary Edition [CD‐ROM]
Burchfiel B. C., 1997, Cenozoic tectonic evolution around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, Eos Trans. AGU, 78
Burrus J., 1998, Abnormal Pressures in Hydrocarbon Environments, 35
Dettman D. L., 2001, Seasonal stable isotope evidence for a strong Asian monsoon throughout the past 10.7 m.y., Geology, 29, 31, 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0031:SSIEFA>2.0.CO;2
Fang H., 2000, Thermal regime, interreservoir compositional heterogeneities, and reservoir‐filling history of the Dongfang gas field, Yinggehai basin, South China Sea: Evidence for episodic fluid injections in overpressured basins?, AAPG Bull., 84, 607
Gong Z., 1997, Basin Analysis and Accumulation of Oil and Gas in the Northern Margin of the South China Sea
Gong Z., 2004, Dynamic research of oil and gas accumulation in northern marginal basins of South China Sea (in Chinese)
Guo L., 2001, Regional tectonic evolution around Yinggehai basin of South China Sea, Geol. J. China Univ., 7, 1
Hamilton W.(1979) Tectonics of the Indonesian region Geol. Surv. Pap.1087 pp.0–345 U.S. Gov. Print. Off. Washington D. C.
Hao F., 1995, Overpressure retardation of the organic matter maturation and petroleum generation: A case study from the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basins, South China Sea, AAPG Bull., 79, 551
Hao F., 2000, Thermal regime, interreservoir compositional heterogeneities, and reservoir‐filling history of the Dongfang gas field, Yinggehai basin, South China Sea: Evidence for episodic fluid injections in overpressured basins?, AAPG Bull., 84, 607
Harrison T. M., 1996, The Tectonic Evolution of Asia, 208
Holloway N. H., 1982, North Palawan Block, Philippines—Its relation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of South China Sea, AAPG Bull., 66, 1355
Kroon D., 1991, Onset of monsoonal related upwelling in the western Arabian Sea as revealed by planktonic foraminifers, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program Sci. Results, 117, 257
Kuhlemann J., 2002, Post‐collisional sediment budget history of the Alps: Tectonic versus climatic control, Int. J. Earth Sci., 91, 818‐37
Kusznir N. J., 1989, Extensional Tectonics and Stratigraphy of the North Atlantic Margins, 305
Kusznir N. J., 1991, The Geometry of Normal Faults, 41
Kusznir N. J., 1995, Hydrocarbon Habitat in Rift Basins, 33
Liu Z., 1985, The Bouger anomalies and depths of Mohorovicic discontinuity in the South China Sea region, Acta Oceanogr. Sin., 4, 579
Lu W., 1987, Characteristics of magnetic lineations and tectonic evolution of the South China Sea basin, Acta Oceanogr. Sin., 6, 577
Metcalfe I., 1996, Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia, 97
Packham G., 1996, Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia, 123
Tapponnier P., 1986, Collision Tectonics, 115
Wheeler P. J.(2000) Cenozoic basin formation in SE Asia Ph.D. thesis 246 pp. Univ. of Cambridge Cambridge U.K.
Zhong Z., 2004, The dynamics of Yinggehai basin formation and its tectonic significance, Acta Geol. Sin., 78, 1
Zhou D., 2002, Opening of the South China Sea by dextral splitting of the east Asia continental margin, Acta Geol. Sin., 76, 180