Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Vai trò của các môi trường tự nhiên và nhân tạo khác nhau trong việc bảo tồn chim ở một hồ Andean cao
Tóm tắt
Các mục tiêu phát triển bền vững đòi hỏi việc quản lý cảnh quan một cách hợp lý, đây là một nhiệm vụ đầy thách thức trong các môi trường chịu ảnh hưởng của con người, nơi việc xác định các môi trường sống chính thường là cần thiết để đạt được sự bảo tồn các cộng đồng đa loài hoặc các taxa bị đe dọa. Chúng tôi đã nghiên cứu thành phần chim của 9 môi trường sống tại hồ Tota, một vùng đất ngập nước ở Andes có sự đa dạng cao bị ảnh hưởng bởi các hoạt động của con người. Chúng tôi đã đánh giá sự phong phú, độ phong phú, ưu thế và đa dạng chim, và đã sử dụng phương pháp mạng lưới loài-môi trường sống để đánh giá một số đặc tính nổi bật của cảnh quan và để xác định các môi trường sống chính cho việc bảo tồn. Chúng tôi quan sát thấy 116 loài chim, với chỉ số đa dạng thấp (Shannon = 2,2) do sự ưu thế của các loài xã hội hóa. Cảnh quan cho thấy độ nhạy cảm đáng kể đối với các tác động do mất môi trường sống. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên quan trọng hơn các môi trường sống liên quan đến con người, ngoại trừ các đồng cỏ cây gỗ được sử dụng cho chăn thả quy mô nhỏ, là một trong những vùng phủ quan trọng nhất. Môi trường sống này đại diện cho một ví dụ tốt về việc sử dụng đất bền vững. Ngược lại, các vùng trồng trọt và bãi biển du lịch lại nổi bật là không bền vững về mặt bảo tồn động vật hoang dã. Trong số các môi trường sống tự nhiên, các vùng đầm lầy là quan trọng nhất với độ phong phú, sự phong phú cao, tầm quan trọng đối với mạng lưới cảnh quan, và là nơi được các loài chim có giá trị bảo tồn sử dụng nhiều nhất. Các môi trường sống rừng tự nhiên, mặc dù đã bị giảm thiểu và phân mảnh, vẫn quan trọng hơn cho chim so với các rừng rộng lớn của thực vật ngoại lai được giới thiệu, có lẽ do lịch sử tiến hóa của chim với thực vật bản địa.
Từ khóa
#bảo tồn chim #môi trường sống tự nhiên #Andean #hồ Tota #đa dạng sinh họcTài liệu tham khảo
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