The road to homeownership: a longitudinal analysis of tenure transition in urban China (1949–94)

International Journal of Urban and Regional Research - Tập 28 Số 4 - Trang 774-795 - 2004
Youqin Huang1
1([email protected]), Department of Geography and Planning, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA

Tóm tắt

With ongoing housing reform and profound changes in housing consumption in urban China, this article aims to understand tenure transition from rental to homeownership. Because of different housing systems in China over time, and thus different connotations attached to homeownership, tenure transition should be understood within its historic context. Using a sample survey of life history in 20 cities and the method of event history analysis, this article examines the tenure transition to the first homeownership during 1949–94, a period covering both the socialist era and the early stage of housing reform. In contrast to conventional wisdom, older and married people, and those working in the public sector and living in public housing were less likely to change to homeownership before housing reform, mainly because the socialist housing system was ironically in favor of those households with higher socio‐economic positions. In the reform era, while there are remnants of the socialist housing system, tenure transition has different dynamics with factors such as marital status, work units and previous housing tenure no longer important, at least by the mid‐1990s. In addition, crowded housing conditions and long duration in the rental sector generally encourage the transition to homeownership, and there are significant regional variations.Face à la réforme actuelle du logement et aux mutations de consommation de l'habitat dans la Chine urbaine, cet article cherche à comprendre le passage de la location à la propriété. Les systèmes de logement ayant varié avec le temps, donnant à la propriété différentes connotations, il faut appréhender la transition du mode d'occupation dans son contexte historique. S'appuyant sur une étude biographique effectuée par sondage dans 20 villes et sur la méthode de l'analyse historique des événements, l'article examine la transition vers la première accession à la propriété entre 1949 et 1994, période couvrant l'ère socialiste et le stade initial de la réforme du logement. Contrairement à l'avis traditionnel, les individus mariés et plus âgés, ainsi que les employés du secteur public qui vivent dans des logements sociaux, avaient moins tendance à opter pour la propriété avant la réforme, essentiellement parce que l'habitat socialiste favorisait bizarrement les ménages aux positions socio‐économiques élevées. Pendant la période de réforme, malgré une survivance du système socialiste, le changement de mode d'occupation présente une autre dynamique; ainsi, des facteurs tels que le statut marital, les unités de travail et le mode de jouissance antérieur n'ont plus d'importance, du moins jusqu'au milieu des années 1990. De plus, les conditions de surpopulation des logements et une durée prolongée dans le secteur locatif encouragent généralement le passage à la propriété, sans oublier des variations régionales significatives.

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International Journal of Urban and Regional Research

Tập 28 Số 4

774-795

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