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Mối quan hệ giữa tăng trưởng kinh tế và khí thải carbon ở các nước G-7: bằng chứng từ các tham số biến thiên theo thời gian trong một lịch sử dài
Tóm tắt
Bài báo này tái điều tra tác động biến thiên theo thời gian của tăng trưởng kinh tế đối với khí thải carbon ở các nước G-7 trong một lịch sử dài. Để làm được điều này, dữ liệu lịch sử kéo dài từ thế kỷ 19 đến 2010 (theo cách thức xây dựng) cho mỗi quốc gia được phân tích bằng phương pháp đồng liên kết biến thiên theo thời gian và ước lượng cửa sổ cuộn bootstrap. Không giống như các nghiên cứu trước đây về đường cong Kuznets môi trường (EKC), phương pháp này cho phép chúng tôi phát hiện ra hơn một, hai hoặc nhiều điểm chuyển tiếp trong mối liên kết giữa tăng trưởng kinh tế và khí thải carbon. Các phát hiện thực nghiệm cho thấy mối liên kết giữa tăng trưởng kinh tế và khí thải carbon dường như có hình dạng M trong suốt lịch sử đối với Canada và Vương quốc Anh; hình dạng N đối với Pháp; hình dạng N đảo ngược đối với Đức; và hình dạng M đảo ngược (hình M ở dạng W) đối với Italia, Nhật Bản và Hoa Kỳ. Ngoài ra, khả năng tính hợp lệ của giả thuyết EKC cũng được kiểm tra cho cả giai đoạn trước năm 1973 và sau năm 1973. Dựa trên cuộc điều tra này, chúng tôi nhận thấy rằng hình dạng U đảo ngược chỉ được xác nhận cho giai đoạn trước năm 1973 ở Pháp, Italia và Hoa Kỳ. Những bằng chứng thực nghiệm này cung cấp cái nhìn mới cho các nhà hoạch định chính sách trong việc cải thiện chất lượng môi trường bằng cách sử dụng tăng trưởng kinh tế như một công cụ kinh tế lâu dài, thông qua việc quan sát sự thay đổi trong tác động môi trường của sự tăng trưởng này qua từng năm.
Từ khóa
#tăng trưởng kinh tế #khí thải carbon #nước G-7 #đồng liên kết biến thiên #đường cong Kuznets môi trường #chính sách môi trườngTài liệu tham khảo
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