The noise insulation properties of non-food-crop walling for schools and colleges: A case study
Tóm tắt
The use of sustainable materials in building design and renovation has been driven by government initiatives such as the Code for Sustainable Homes, BREEAM and other assessment techniques. This paper presents the results from in situ measurements of insulation against unwanted sound (noise) for a sustainable walling system that has much anecdotal commentary concerning its good sound-insulating qualities: straw bale walls. The case study building in which the measurements were conducted is the Genesis Centre, an educational facility in Somerset. Schools need to be acoustically effective buildings, as pupils and students need to concentrate to take part in the education process. Sound insulation measurements were undertaken according to ISO 140: 4 – 1998 and Approved Document E (ADE) procedure, or as close to these standards as possible given the ‘as built’ nature of the case study buildings. With due regard for the limitations that an in situ measurement case provides, the acoustical data collected from these tests suggests that it is possible for straw bale walls to achieve the minimum requirements of Part E with a range of values of 48–50 dB DnT,w+C
tr
. These results are also compared with guidelines related to acoustics in schools and robust details.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Braithwaite, P. and Cowell, J. (2007) Acoustics and Sustainability, Proceedings from the Institute of Acoustics Spring Conference, St Albans, IoA, 29(2).
BRE. (1994) Digest 337, Sound Insulation: Basic Principles. London: BRE Press, p. 3.
BS EN ISO 140–4. (1996) Acoustics – Rating of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements. Brussels: BSI.
BS EN ISO 717–1. (1998) Acoustics – Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and of Building Elements – Part 4 Field Measurement of Airborne Sound Insulation between Rooms. Brussels: BSI.
Building Regulations. (2000) as amended by SI 2002/2872 and SI 2004/1465.
CIB. (1999) Agenda 21 for Sustainable Construction. Report 237, CIB, p.55.
Dale, J. (2007) The Green Perspective: A UK Construction Industry Report on Sustainability. Ascot, CIOB, p.4.
Dalmeijer, R. (2006) Straw bale sound insulation and acoustics. The Last Straw, The International Journal of Straw Bale and Natural Building (53): 8, Nebraska, GPFS.
DGLG. (2004) Approved Document E: Resistance to the Passage of Sound; Building Regulations Act 2000, London, SO, p. 12/75.
DEFRA. (2007) UK Energy Efficiency Action Plan 2007. London: DEFRA, p. 8.
DELTA. (2001) Measurement of Air-sound Insulation for Clay Plastered Straw Bale Wall at the Property on Kordalsvej 16. Translated by D. Lithgow. 9493 Saltum, Denmark: DELTA.
Desarnaulds, V., Costanzo, E. and Carvalho, A. (2005) Sustainability of acoustic materials and acoustic characterization of sustainable materials. 12th International Conference of Vibration and Sound, Lisbon, pp.1, 5.
DfES. (2003) Building Bulletin 93: Acoustic Design for Schools. London: The Stationary Office, pp. 1, 10–11, 14.
Goodhew, S., Griffiths, R. and Woolley, T. (2004) An investigation of the moisture content in the walls of a straw bale building. Building and the Environment 39: 1443.
Jones, B. (2001) Information Guide to Straw Bale Building. Todmorden, UK: Amazon Nails.
King, B. (ed.) (2006) Design of Straw Bale Buildings: The State of the Art, San Rafael, California: Green Building press.
Minke, G. and Mahlke, F. (2005) Building with Straw: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture, Basel: Birkhauser.
Purkis, H.J. (1966) Building Physics: Acoustics. Oxford: Pergamon Press, pp. 2–3, 24.
Robust Details. (2007) Robust Details: Part E Resistance to the Passage of Sound, 3rd edn., Milton Keynes, UK: Robust Details Ltd.
Szokolay, S.V. (2004) Introduction to Architectural Science. Oxford: Architectural Press.