The kindling model of epilepsy: A review

Albright, 1979, Effect of atropine sulfate on amygdaloid kindling in the rat, Exp. Neurol., 66, 409, 10.1016/0014-4886(79)90091-8

Alger, 1976, Long term and short term plasticity in the CA1, CA3, and dentate regions of the rat hippocampal slice, Brain Res., 110, 463, 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90858-1

Andersen, 1975, Organization of hippocampal neurons and their interconnections, Vol. 1, 155

Arnold, 1973, Effects of atropine, reserpine, 6-hydroxydopamine, and handling on seizure development in the rat, Exp. Neurol., 40, 457, 10.1016/0014-4886(73)90087-3

Ayala, 1973, Genesis of epileptic interictal spike, 52, 1

Babington, 1973, The pharmacology of seizures induced by sensitization with low intensity brain stimulation, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 1, 461, 10.1016/0091-3057(73)90013-0

Baker, 1968, Analysis of local discharges induced by intrahippocampal microinjection of carbachol or diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), Int. J. Neuropharmacol., 7, 135, 10.1016/0028-3908(68)90007-5

Bergstrom, 1979, Effect of electroconvulsive shock on monoaminergic receptor binding sites in rat brain, Nature (Lond.), 278, 464, 10.1038/278464a0

Burchfiel, 1979, Neuronal supersensitivity to acetylcholine induced by kindling in the rat hippocampus, Science, 204, 1096, 10.1126/science.36660

Byrne, 1980, Amygdala kindling induces muscarinic cholinergic receptor decline in a highly specific distribution in the limbic system, Exp. Neurol., 10.1016/0014-4886(80)90145-4

Cain, 1977, Seizure development following repeated electrical stimulation of central olfactory structures, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 290, 200, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb39727.x

Cain, 1979, Sensory kindling: implications for development of sensory prostheses, Neurology, 29, 1595, 10.1212/WNL.29.12.1595

Choi, 1977, Benzodiazepine specifically modulate GABA-mediated postsynaptic inhibition in cultured mammalian neurones, Nature (Lond.), 269, 342, 10.1038/269342a0

Collins, 1978, Kindling of neuroanatomic pathways during recurrent focal penicillin seizures, Brain Res., 150, 503, 10.1016/0006-8993(78)90816-8

Corcoran, 1976, A failure of atropine to retard amygdaloid kindling, Exp. Neurol., 51, 271, 10.1016/0014-4886(76)90071-6

Crandall, 1979, Kindling in the rat hippocampus: absence of dendritic alterations, Behavioral and Neural Biology, 27, 516, 10.1016/S0163-1047(79)92124-1

Daniels, 1973, The convulsant effect of topically applied atropine, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 34, 83, 10.1016/0013-4694(73)90155-7

Dasheiff, 1980

Dasheiff, 1980, Evidence for an agonist independent down regulation of hippocampal muscarinic receptors in kindling, Brain Res., 10.1016/0006-8993(80)90070-0

Delgado, 1961, Evolution of repeated hippocampal seizures in the cat, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 13, 722, 10.1016/0013-4694(61)90104-3

Douglas, 1975, Long-term potentiation of the perforant path-granule cell synapse in the rat hippocampus, Brain Res., 86, 205, 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90697-6

Dunwiddie, 1978, Long-term potentiation and depression of synaptic response to the rat hippocampus: localization and frequency dependence, J. Physiol., 276, 353, 10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012239

Emson, 1979, Choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase containing projections from the basal forebrain to the amygdaloid complex of the rat, Brain Res., 165, 271, 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90559-6

Engel, 1977, Long-lasting depletion of dopamine in the rat amygdala induced by kindling stimulation, Brain Res., 136, 381, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90815-0

Engel, 1979, Electrical-behavioral dissociation in experimental epilepsy: increased EEG spike activity can be correlated with decreased epileptogenicity, Neurology, 29, 609

Engel, J., Jr., Rausch, R., Lieb, J.P., Kuhl, D.E. and Crandall, P.H. (Submitted for publication) Reevaluation of criteria for localizing the epileptic focus in patients considered for surgical therapy of epilepsy.

Farjo, 1978, Reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the rat amygdala induced by kindling stimulation, Brain Res., 153, 423, 10.1016/0006-8993(78)90427-4

Fifkova, 1977, Long lasting morphological changes in dendritic spine of dentate granular cells following stimulation of the entorhinal area, J. Neurocytology, 6, 211, 10.1007/BF01261506

Fitz, 1979, Spontaneous interictal spiking in the awake kindled rat, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 47, 592, 10.1016/0013-4694(79)90260-8

Goddard, 1967, Development of epileptic seizures through brain stimulation at low intensity, Nature (Lond.), 214, 1020, 10.1038/2141020a0

Goddard, 1969, A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation, Exp. Neurol., 25, 295, 10.1016/0014-4886(69)90128-9

Goddard, 1975, Does the engram of kindling model the engram of long term memory?, Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 2, 385, 10.1017/S0317167100020539

Grob, 1950, The toxic effects in man of the anticholinesterase insecticide parathion (p-nitrophenyl diethyl thianophosphate), Bull. J. Hopkins Hosp., 87, 106

Kilbey, 1979, The effects of chronic cocaine pretreatment on kindled seizures and behavioral stereotypes, Exp. Neurol., 64, 306, 10.1016/0014-4886(79)90271-1

Lange, 1977, Temporal-spatial pattern of subcortical spike activity in kindling epilepsy, 42, 564

Leech, 1976, Kindling rates in inbred mice: an analog to learning?, Behav. Biol., 16, 439, 10.1016/S0091-6773(76)91603-5

Liebowitz, 1978, Release of γ-aminobutyric acid from hippocampal slice of the rat following generalized seizures induced by daily electrical stimulation of entorhinal cortex, Brain Res., 138, 369, 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90755-7

MacDonald, 1978, Chlordiazepoxide selectively augments GABA action in spinal cord cell cultures, Nature (Lond.), 271, 563, 10.1038/271563a0

Mason, 1980, Role of forebrain catecholamines in amygdaloid kindling, Brain Res.

McNamara, 1978, Muscarinic cholinergic receptors participate in the kindling model of epilepsy, Brain Res., 154, 415, 10.1016/0006-8993(78)90716-3

McNamara, 1978, Selective alterations of regional β-adrenergic receptor binding in the kindling model of epilepsy, Exp. Neurol., 61, 582, 10.1016/0014-4886(78)90025-0

McNamara, 1980, Repeated seizures induce long term elevation of hippocampal benzodiazepine receptors, 77, 3029

Messenheimer, 1979, Sprouting fibers gain access to circuitry transynaptically altered by kindling, Exp. Neurol., 64, 469, 10.1016/0014-4886(79)90225-5

Morrell, 1979, Human secondary epileptogenic lesions, Neurology, 29, 558

Morrell, 1976, Kindling in the frog: development of spontaneous epileptiform activity, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 40, 1, 10.1016/0013-4694(76)90174-7

Mucha, 1977, Postseizure inhibition of kindled seizures, Exp. Neurol., 54, 266, 10.1016/0014-4886(77)90269-2

Pinel, 1975, Generality of kindling phenomenon: some clinical implications, Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 2, 467, 10.1017/S0317167100020618

Pinel, 1978, Electrode placement and kindling-induced experimental epilepsy, Exp. Neurol., 58, 335, 10.1016/0014-4886(78)90145-0

Post, 1976, Cocaine, kindling and psychosis, Am. J. Psychiatry, 133, 627, 10.1176/ajp.133.6.627

Racine, 1972, Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation—I. After-discharge threshold, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 32, 269, 10.1016/0013-4694(72)90176-9

Racine, 1972, Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation—II. Motor seizure, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 32, 281, 10.1016/0013-4694(72)90177-0

Racine, 1972, Epileptiform activity and neural plasticity in limbic structures, Brain Res., 47, 262, 10.1016/0006-8993(72)90268-5

Racine, 1973, Rates of motor seizure development in rats subjected to electrical brain stimulation: strain and interstimulation interval effects, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 35, 553, 10.1016/0013-4694(73)90033-3

Racine, 1975, Modification of seizure activity by electrical stimulation: cortical areas, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 38, 1, 10.1016/0013-4694(75)90204-7

Racine, 1975, Post-activation potentiation and the kindling phenomenon, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 39, 261, 10.1016/0013-4694(75)90148-0

Racine, 1975, Kindling unit discharge patterns and neural plasticity, Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 2, 395, 10.1017/S0317167100020540

Racine, 1976, Effects of procaine hydrochloride, diazepam and diphenyl-hydantoin on seizure development in cortical and subcortical structures in rats, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 38, 355, 10.1016/0013-4694(75)90260-6

Racine, 1979, The effect of procaine hydrochloride and diazepam, separately or in combination on cortico-generalized kindled seizures, Electroenceph. clin. Neurophys., 47, 204, 10.1016/0013-4694(79)90221-9

Ramer, 1976, Progressive intensification of motor seizures produced by periodic electroconvulsive shock, Exp. Neurol., 51, 421, 10.1016/0014-4886(76)90266-1

Rial, 1978, Kindling effect in the reptilian brain: Motor and electrographic manifestations, Epilepsia, 19, 581, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1978.tb05038.x

Sainsbury, 1978, Electrically induced seizure activity in the hippocampus: time course for postseizure inhibition of subsequent kindled seizures, Behav. Biol., 22, 479, 10.1016/S0091-6773(78)92601-9

Squires, 1977, Benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain, Nature (Lond.), 266, 732, 10.1038/266732a0

Sramka, 1977, Observation of kindling phenomenon in treatment of pain by stimulation in thalamus, 651

Tanaka, 1972, Progressive changes of behavioral and electroencephalographic responses to daily amygdaloid stimulation in rabbits, Fukuoka Acta Med., 63, 152

Vosu, 1975, Cholinergic seizure kindling in the rat: comparison of caudate, amygdala, and hippocampus, Behav. Biol., 13, 491, 10.1016/S0091-6773(75)91109-8

Wada, 1974, Persistent seizure susceptibility and recurrent spontaneous seizures in kindled cats, Epilepsia, 15, 465, 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1974.tb04022.x

Wada, 1975, Recurrent spontaneous seizure state induced by prefrontal kindling in Sengalese baboons, Papio papio, Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 2, 477, 10.1017/S031716710002062X

Wada, 1977, Pharmacological prophylaxis in the kindling model of epilepsy, Arch. Neurol., 34, 389, 10.1001/archneur.1977.00500190023003

Waquier, 1979, Behavioral analysis of amygdaloid kindling in beagle dogs and the effects of clonazepam, diazepam, phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, and flunarizine on seizure manifestation, Exp. Neurol., 64, 579, 10.1016/0014-4886(79)90233-4

Wasterlain, 1980, Cholinergic kindling: transsynaptic generation of a chronic seizure focus, Life Sci., 26, 387, 10.1016/0024-3205(80)90155-1

Wilkinson, 1979, Turnover kinetics of dopamine and norepinephrine in the forebrain after kindling in rats, Neuropharmacology, 18, 219, 10.1016/0028-3908(79)90065-0

Wise, 1974, Effects of diazepam and phenobarbital on electrically induced amygdaloid seizures and seizure development, Exp. Neurol., 45, 355, 10.1016/0014-4886(74)90124-1