The influence of vehicle dynamics on the time-dependent resonances of a bridge
Tóm tắt
In bridge structural health monitoring, the response of the bridge while the vehicle is on the bridge, is called a vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) response. If the vehicle and the bridge are dynamically coupled, the VBI response depends on the bridge’s and the vehicle’s dynamic properties. Therefore, the damage detection techniques based on the bridge resonances become questionable due to the dynamic coupling between the bridge and the vehicle. This study investigates the influence of vehicle dynamics on the bridge’s time-dependent resonances. Vehicle-Induced Delta Frequency (VIDF) represents the changes in the bridge’s time-varying resonances resulting from the vehicle-bridge interaction, while Damage-Induced Delta Frequency (DIDF) accounts for the additional alterations caused by bridge damage. The dynamic interaction between vehicles and bridges (VBIs) is characterized by the frequency ratio between the vehicle (super-system) and the bridge (sub-system). The vehicle frequency is influenced by its dynamics, particularly the suspension systems. Two vehicle models, single suspension and dual suspension vehicles representing passenger trains and freight trains, respectively, are analyzed to assess the significance of vehicle dynamics on VIDF and DIDF. The results demonstrate that both vehicle models experience resonance, which magnifies the dynamic response to damage. However, not all types of vehicles possess the desired dynamic characteristics for effective bridge health monitoring. Trains with single suspension systems exhibit more pronounced changes in the bridge’s frequency response. This characteristic makes them more suitable for effective bridge health monitoring and damage detection.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Cantero D, Ülker Kaustell M, Karoumi R (2016) Time-frequency analysis of railway bridge response in forced vibration. Mech Syst Signal Process 76–77:518–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.01.016
Cantero D, Hester D, Brownjohn J (2017) Evolution of bridge frequencies and modes of vibration during truck passage. Eng Struct 152:452–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.039
Cantero D, McGetrick P, Kim CW et al (2019) Experimental monitoring of bridge frequency evolution during the passage of vehicles with different suspension properties. Eng Struct 187:209–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.02.065
Doménech A, Museros P, Martínez-Rodrigo MD (2014) Influence of the vehicle model on the prediction of the maximum bending response of simply-supported bridges under high-speed railway traffic. Eng Struct 72:123–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.04.037
Fryba L (2013) Vibration of solids and structures under moving loads. Noordhoff International Publishing, Groningen
He XH, Hua XG, Chen ZQ et al (2011) EMD-based random decrement technique for modal parameter identification of an existing railway bridge. Eng Struct 33(4):1348–1356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.01.012
Hester D, Gonzalez A (2012) A wavelet-based damage detection algorithm based on bridge acceleration response to a vehicle. Mech Syst Signal Process 28:145–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2011.06.007
Hung CF, Hsu WL (2017) Influence of long-wavelength track irregularities on the motion of a high-speed train. Veh Syst Dyn 56(1):95–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2017.1346261
Huseynov F, Kim C, Obrien EJ et al (2020) Bridge damage detection using rotation measurements - experimental validation. Mech Syst Signal Process 135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.106380
Iwnicki S, Spiryagin M, Cole C et al (2019) Handbook of Railway Vehicle Dynamics. Handbook of Railway Vehicle Dynamics. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429469398
Kouroussis G, Verlinden O, Conti C (2011) Free field vibrations caused by high-speed lines: Measurement and time domain simulation. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 31(4):692–707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.11.012
Law SS, Zhu XQ (2004) Dynamic behavior of damaged concrete bridge structures under moving vehicular loads. Eng Struct 26(9):1279–1293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.04.007
Li J, Zhu X, Ss Law et al (2020) Time-varying characteristics of bridges under the passage of vehicles using synchroextracting transform. Mech Syst Signal Process 140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106727
Li JZ, Su MB, Fan LC (2003) Natural frequency of railway girder bridges under vehicle loads. J Bridge Eng 8(4):199–203. https://doi.org/10.1061/(Asce)1084-0702(2003)8:4(199)
Liu K, Roeck GD, Lombaert G (2009) The effect of dynamic train-bridge interaction on the bridge response during a train passage. J Sound Vib 325(1–2):240–251
Marchesiello S, Bedaoui S, Garibaldi L et al (2009) Time-dependent identification of a bridge-like structure with crossing loads. Mech Syst Signal Process 23(6):2019–2028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2009.01.010
Mostafa N, Di Maio D, Loendersloot R et al (2021) Extracting the time-dependent resonances of a vehicle-bridge interacting system by wavelet synchrosqueezed transform. Struct Control Health Monit. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2833
Mostafa N, Maio DD, Loendersloot R et al (2022) Railway bridge damage detection based on extraction of instantaneous frequency by wavelet synchrosqueezed transform. Adv Bridge Eng 3(1):12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43251-022-00063-0
Roveri N, Carcaterra A (2012) Damage detection in structures under traveling loads by Hilbert-Huang transform. Mech Syst Signal Process 28:128–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2011.06.018
Sarwar MZ, Cantero D (2023) Vehicle assisted bridge damage assessment using probabilistic deep learning. Measurement 206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2022.112216
SKF. Railway technical handbook: a handbook for the industrial designer and operator. Vol. 1. Axleboxes, wheelset bearings, sensors, condition monitoring, subsystems and services, Volume 1. SKF; 2011. https://books.google.nl/books?id=8xkUtwAACAAJ. ISBN: 9789197896634.
Spiryagin M, Sun YQ, Cole C et al (2013) Development of a real-time bogie test rig model based on railway specialised multibody software. Veh Syst Dyn 51(2):236–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2012.724176
Spiryagin M, Wolfs P, Cole C et al (2016) Design and Simulation of Heavy Haul Locomotives and Trains. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315369792-4
Wang ZL, Yang JP, Shi K, et al (2022) Recent advances in researches on vehicle scanning method for bridges. Int J Struct Stab Dyn 22(15). https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219455422300051
Xin T, Wang P, Ding Y (2019) Effect of long-wavelength track irregularities on vehicle dynamic responses. Shock Vib 2019:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4178065
Xin Y, Hao H, Li J (2019) Time-varying system identification by enhanced empirical wavelet transform based on synchroextracting transform. Eng Struct 196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109313
Yang YB, Yau JD (2017) Resonance of high-speed trains moving over a series of simple or continuous beams with non-ballasted tracks. Eng Struct 143:295–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.04.022
Yang YB, Lin CW, Yau JD (2004) Extracting bridge frequencies from the dynamic response of a passing vehicle. J Sound and Vib 272(3–5):471–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-460x(03)00378-x
Yang YB, Cheng MC, Chang KC (2013) Frequency variation in vehicle–bridge interaction systems. Int J Struct Stab Dyn 13(02). https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219455413500193
Youcef K, Sabiha T, El Mostafa D et al (2013) Dynamic analysis of train-bridge system and riding comfort of trains with rail irregularities. J Mech Sci Technol 27(4):951–962. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-013-0206-8
Yu G, Yu M, Xu C (2017) Synchroextracting transform. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 64(10):8042–8054. https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2017.2696503
Zhai W, Sun X (2008) A detailed model for investigating vertical interaction between railway vehicle and track. Veh Syst Dyn 23(sup1):603–615. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423119308969544
Zhai W, Han Z, Chen Z et al (2019) Train-track-bridge dynamic interaction: a state-of-the-art review. Veh Syst Dyn 57(7):984–1027. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2019.1605085
Zhai WM, Cai CB (2016) Train/track/bridge dynamic interactions: Simulation and applications. Veh Syst Dyn 37(sup1):653–665. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2002.11666270
Zhang N, Tian Y, Xia H (2016) A train-bridge dynamic interaction analysis method and its experimental validation. Engineering 2(4):528–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Eng.2016.04.012
Zhang TP, Zhu J, Xiong ZL, et al (2023) A new drive-by method for bridge damage inspection based on characteristic wavelet coefficient. Buildings 13(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020397
Zhu Z, Gong W, Wang L et al (2017) A hybrid solution for studying vibrations of coupled train-track-bridge system. Adv Struct Eng 20(11):1699–1711. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433217691775