Ảnh hưởng của thể lực đến kháng insulin ở trẻ em béo phì

Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Blair SN. Cardiorespiratory fitness attentuates the effects of the metabolic syndrome on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:1092–7. Must A, Strauss RS. Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23(Suppl 11):2–11. Goran MI, Ball GDC, Cruz ML. Obesity and risk of type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:1417–27. Weiss R, Dzuira J, Burgert TS, Tamborlane WV, Sherwin RS, Caprio S. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2362–74. Nader PR, O’Brien MO, Houts R, Bradley R, Mei Z, Susman EJ. Identifying risk for obesity in early childhood. Pediatrics. 2006;118(3):e594–601. Goran MI, Reynolds KD, Lindquist CH. Role of physical activity in the prevention of obesity in children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23(Suppl 3):S18–33. Blair SN, Cheng Y, Holder JS. Is physical activity or physical fitness more important than defining health benefits? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33:S379–99. Kim SH, Reaven GM. Impact of degree of obesity on surrogate estimates of insulin resistance. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:1998–2002. Katzmarzyk PT, Gagnon J, Leon AS, Skinner JS, Wilmore JH, Rao DC, et al. Fitness, fatness, and estimated coronary heart disease risk: the HERITAGE Family Study. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2001;33(4):585–90. Facchini FS, Hua N, Abbasi F, Reaven GM. Insulin resistance as a predictor of age related diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(8):3574–8. Blair SN, Brodney S. Effects of physical inactivity and obesity on morbidity and mortality: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31(11 Suppl):S646–62. Lee CD, Blair SN, Jackson AS. Cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69(3):373–80. Katz A, Nambi SS, Mather K, Baron AD, Follmann DA, Sullivan G, et al. Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index: A simple, accurate method for assissing insulin sensitivity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:2402–10. Laakso M. How good a marker is insulin level for insulin resistance? Am J Epidemiol. 1993;137:959–65. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28:412–9. Huang TT, Johnson MS, Goran MI. Development of a prediction equation for insulin sensitivity from anthropometry and fasting insulin in prepubertal and early pubertal children. Diabetes Care. 2002;25(7):1203–10. Blair SN, Church TS. The fitness, obesity, and health equation: is physical activity the common denominator? JAMA. 2004;292(10):1232–4. Manson JE, Nathan DM, Krolewski AS, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Hennekens CH. A prospective study of exercise and incidence of diabetes among US male physicians. JAMA. 1992;268:63–7. Katzmarzyk PT, Leon AS, Wilmore JH, Skinner JS, Rao DC, Rankinin T, et al. Targeting the metabolic syndrome with exercise: Evidence from the HERITAGE family study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(10):1703–9. Anderssen SA, Cooper AR, Riddoch C, Harro M, Brage S, Andersen LB. Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor for clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children independent of country, age, sex. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007;14:526–31. Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS. Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes. 2002;51(1):204–9. Gutin B, Cucuzzo N, Islam S, Smith C, Stachura ME. Physical training, lifestyle education, and coronary risk factors in obese girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996;28(1):19–23. Gutin B, Yin Z, Humphries MC, Hoffman WH, Gower B, Barbeau P. Relations of fatness and fitness to fasting insulin in black and white adolescents. J Pediatr. 2004;145:737–43. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(6):393–403. Ibanez L, Potau N, Marcos MV, de Zegher F. Exaggerated adrenarche and hyperinsulinism in adolescent girls born small for gestational age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84(12):4739–41. Srinivasan SR, Bao W, Wattigney WA, GS B. Adolescent overweight is asociated with adult overweight and related multiple cardiovascular risk factors: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Metabolism. 1996;45:235–40. Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson J, Valle T. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(18):1343–50. Jamner MS, Spruijt-Metz D, Bassin S, Cooper DM. A controlled evaluation of a school-based intervetnion to promote phyical activity among sedentary adolescent females: Project FAB. J Adolesc Health. 2004;34(4):279–89. Kelley DE, Goodpaster BH. Effects of physical activity on insulin action and glucose tolerance in obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31(11):23. Lakka H-M, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002;288:2709–16. Travers SH, Labarta JI, Gargosky SE, Rosenfield RG, Jeffers BW, Eckel RH. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 levels are associated with insulin sensitivity and obesity in prepubertal children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83(6):1935–9. Eliakim A, Scheet T, Newcomb R, Cooper DM. Fitness training and the growth hormone/IGF-1 axis in prepubertal girls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(6):2797–802. Kasa-Vubu JZ, Lee CC, Rosenthal A, Singer K, Halter JB. Cardiovascular fitness and exercise as determinants of insulin resistance in postpubertal adolescent females. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:849–54. Sinha R, Dufour S, Petersen KF, LeBon V, Enoksson S, Shulman GI, et al. Assessment of skeletal muscle triglyceride content by (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in lean and obese adolescents: relationships to insulin sensitivity, total body fat, and central adiposity. Diabetes. 2002;51(4):1022–7. Dietz WH. Childhood weight affects adult morbidity and mortality. J Nutr. 1998;128(2 Suppl):411S–4. Gutin B, Owens S, Treiber F, Islam S, Karp W, Slavens G. Weight-independent cardiovascular fitness and coronary risk factors. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997;151:462–5. Goran MI, Treuth MS. Energy expenditure, physical activity, and obesity in children. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001;48(4):931–53. Wei M, Kampert JB, Barlow CE. Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. JAMA. 1999;282:1547–53. Wessel TR, Arant CB, Olson MB, Pepine CJ, Merz CNB. Relationship of physical fitness vs. body mass index with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular events in women. JAMA. 2004;292(10):1179–87. Allen DB, Clark RR, Peterson SE, Nemeth BA, Eickhoff J, Carrel AL. Fitness is a stronger predictor of fasting insulin than fatness in overweight male middle-school children. J Pediatr. 2007;150:383–7. Anderson KK, Frystyk J, Wolthers OD, Heuck C, Flyvbjerg A. Gender differences of oligomers and total adiponectin during puberty: A cross-sectional study of 859 Danish School Children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007(Feb 6 [epub ahead of print]). Anderson LB, Hasselstrom H, Gronfelt V, Hansen SE, Karsten F. The relationship between physical fitness and clustered risk from adolescence to young adulthood: eight years follow-up in the Danish Youth and Sport Study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2004;1:1–4. Treuth MS, Butte NF, Adolph AL, Puyay MR. A longitudinal study of fitness and activity in girls predisposed to obesity. Med Sci Sport Exercise. 2004;36(2):198–204. Bessesen DH. Update on obesity. J Clin Endo Metab. 2008;93:2027–34. Rizzo NS, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Sjostrom M. Relationship of physical activity, fitness, and fatness with clustered metabolic risk in children and adolescents: The European Youth Heart Study. J Pediatr. 2007;150:388–94. Klasson-Heggebo L, Andersen LB, Wennlof AH, Sardinha LB, Harro M, Froberg K, et al. Graded associations between cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness, and blood pressure in children. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40:25–9. Morrow JR, Freedson PS. Relationship between habitual physical activity and aerobic fitness in adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1994;6:315–29. Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Castillo MJ, Sjostrom M. Physical fitness in childhood: A powerful marker of helath. Int J Obes. 2008;32:1–11. Andersen LB, Hasselstrom H, Hansen SE, Froberg K. The relationship between physical fitness and clustered risk, and the tracking of clustered risk from adolescence to adulthood. Int J Behav Nutrit Phys Act. 2004;1:6–12. Morena LA, Joyanes M, Mesana MI, Gil CM, Sarria A. Harmonization of anthropometric measurements for a multicenter nutrient survey in Spanish adolescents. Nutrition. 2003;19:481–6. Institute of Medicine. Children’s health, the nation’s wealth: Assessing and improving child health. Washington, DC; 2004. Barlow SE, Committee E. Expert committee recommendations regarding the prevention, assessment and treatment of child overweight and obesity: summary report. Pediatrics. 2007;120(supp 4):s164–92. United States Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and improving Health. In: Washington, DC: Government Printing Office; 2000. p. 1–1272. Council for Physical Education for Children. Physical Activity Guidelines for Children. 1998:1–21. Ross JG, Gilbert GG. Children and youth fitness study: a summary of findings. J Phys Educ Recreat Dance. 1985;56(1):45–50. Sallis JF, McKenzie TL, Alcaraz JE, Kolody B, Faucette N, Hovell MF. Effects of a 2-year Physical Education Program (SPARK) on physical activity and fitness in elementary school students, Sallis. Am J Publ Health. 1997;87(8):1328–34. Dietz WH, Gortmaker SL. Preventing obesity in children and adolescents. Annu Rev Public Health. 2001;22:337–53. Schmitz KH, Jacobs DR, Hong C-P, Steinberger J, Moran A, Sinaiko AR. Association of physical activity with insulin sensitivity in children. Int J Obes. 2002;26:1310–6. Knowler WC, Narayan KMV, Hanson RL. Preventing non-insulin dependent diabetes. Diabetes. 1995;44:483–8. Owens S, Gutin B. Exercise testing of the child with obesity. Pediatr Cardiol. 1999;20(1):79–83. Gutin B, Barbeau P, Owens S, Lemmon CR, Bauman M, Allison J. Effects of exercise intensity on cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and visceral adiposity in obese adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;75(5):818–26. Carrel AL, Clark RR, Peterson SE, Nemeth BA, Sullivan JC, Allen DB. School-based exercise program improves fitness, body composition and insulin sensitivity in overweight children: A randomized, controlled study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005. Williamson DA, Champagne CM, Harsha D, Han H, Martin CK, Newton R Jr, et al. Louisiana (LA) Health: Design and methods for a childhood obesity prevention program in rural schools. Contemp Clin Trials. 2008(March 26 (epub)). Gortmaker SL, Peterson KE, Wiecha J. Reducing obesity via a school-based interdisciplinary intervention among youth (Planet Health). Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1999;153:409–18. Robinson TN. Reducing Children’s Television Viewing to Prevent Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 1999;282(16):1561–7. Caballero B, Clay T, Davis SM, Ethelbah B, Lohman T, Norman J, et al. Pathways: a school-based, randomized controlled trial for the prevention of obesity in American Indian schoolchildren. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78:1030–8. Goran MI. Metabolic precursors and effects of obesity in children: a decade of progress, 1990–1999. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(2):158–71. Shaya FT, Flores D, Gbarayor CM, Wang J. School-based obesity interventions: A literature review. J Sch Health. 2008;78(4):189–96. Pate RR, Wang CY, Dowda M, Farrell SW, O’Neill JR. Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US youth 12 to 19 years of age. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:1005–12. Bertucci W, Duc S, Villerius V, Grappe F. Validity and reliability of the PowerTap mobile cycling powermeter when compared with the SRM device. Int J Sports Med. 2005;26(10):868–73. Crocker PR, Bailey DA, Faulker RA, Kowalski KC, McGrath R. Measuring general levels of physical activity: prelimanary evidence for the Physical Activity Questionnaire in Older Children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997;29(10):1344–9. Carrel AL, Sledge JS, Ventura SJ, Clark RR, Peterson SE, Allen DB. Measuring Power as an Assessment of Childhood Fitness. J Strength Cond Res. 2007. Carrel AL, Clark RR, Peterson SE, Nemeth BA, Eickhoff J, Allen DB. Improvements in fitness from a school-based intervention are lost during the summer in overweight middle-school children. Arch Pediar Adolesc Med. 2007. Astrand PO, Ryhming I. A nomogram for calculation of aerobic capacity (physical fitness) from pulse rate during submaximal work. J Appl Phys. 1954;7:218–21. Gore C, Booth M, Bauman A, Neville O. Utility of PWC75% as an estimate of aerobic power in epidemiological and population-based studies. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31:348–51. Huerta M, Grotto I, Shmela S, Askenazi I, Kark JD. Cycle Ergometry Estimation of Physical Fitness among Israeli Soldiers. Mil Med. 2004;169(3):217–20. Varness TS, Carrel AL, Eickhoff J, Allen DB. Prediction of insulin resistance by a field-based fitness test in middle-school children. Paper presented at: Pediatric Academic Society Annual Meeting, Honolulu, HI. 2008. Balde A, Figueras J, Hawking DA, Miller JR. Physician advice to the elderly about physical activity. J Aging Phys Act. 2003;11:90–7.