The impact of low concentrations of aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol or fumonisin in diets on growing pigs and poultry
Tóm tắt
In the present review, the quantitative impact of dietary aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin concentrations on performance of pigs and broilers is evaluated, with special emphasis on low concentrations of these toxins. Also, responses in performance of pigs and broilers to these three toxins are related to their absorption and elimination kinetics. By applying simple linear regression, information from many literature sources is integrated and condensed into, for example, estimates of depression in rates of weight gain, relative to non-contaminated diets, with increasing toxin concentrations. It was estimated that with each mg/kg increase of aflatoxin in the diet, the growth rate would be depressed by 16 % for pigs and 5 % for broilers. For DON, with each mg/kg increase in the diet, the growth depression was estimated at about 8 % for pigs, while broilers showed no response to DON concentrations below 16 mg/kg. Fumonisin showed the lowest impact on growth performance; with each mg/kg increase, the depression in growth rate was estimated at 0·4 and 0·0 % for pigs and broilers, respectively. Dietary concentrations that cause a 5 % reduction in growth rate were estimated at 0·3 and 1·0 mg/kg for aflatoxin for pigs and broilers, respectively; 1·8 and 0·6 mg/kg for pure and naturally contaminated DON for pigs, respectively; 21 and 251 mg/kg for fumonisin for pigs and broilers, respectively.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Sodhi, 1996, Biochemical studies on combined immunomodulatory effects of aflatoxin and malathion in broiler chicks, Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 31, 88
Shukla, 1985, Effect of aflatoxicosis on growth and development in cockerels, Indian Veterinary Journal, 62, 341
Ram, 1988, Effect of aflatoxin feeding and its withdrawal effect on the growth rate of broilers and layers under long term feeding trials, Indian Veterinary Journal, 65, 113
2001
Panangala, 1986, Effect of aflatoxin on the growth performance and immune responses of weanling swine, American Journal of Veterinary Research, 47, 2062
Lillehoj, 1979, Interactions of Mycotoxins in Animal Production. Proceedings of a Symposium, July 13, 1978, Michigan State University, 1979, 139
Latimer, 2002, Feed Industry Memorandum, 5
Reddy, 1982, Effect of experimentally induced aflatoxicosis on the performance of commercial broiler chicks, Indian Journal of Animal Science, 52, 405
Diaz, 1994, Fumonisin toxicosis in domestic animals: a Review, Veterinary Human Toxicology, 36, 548
Zomborszkyne-Kovacs, 2000, A fusarium moniliforme fumonizin–B1 toxinjanak toleralhato hatarertekere es perinatalis toxikozist eloidezo hatasara vonatkozo vizsgalatok sertesben (Investigations on the tolerable limit values and the perinatal toxic effect of mycotoxins produced by fusarium moniliforme), Mayar-Allatorvosok-Lapja, 122, 168
United States Department of Agriculture (1996) Mycotoxin levels in the 1996 midwest preharvest corn crop. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services Information Sheet no.N222·1296, December 1996.
Mani, 1998, Combined effects of aflatoxin B1 and spontaneous IBD exposure of commercial broilers, Cheiron, 27, 59
Prabaharan, 1999, Influence of dietary aflatoxin and coccidiosis on growth rate in broiler chicken, Indian Veterinary Journal, 76, 827
Scott, 1991, Cereal Grain Mycotoxin, Fungi and Quality in Drying andStorage, 529
Armbrecht, 1971, Swine aflatoxicosis. 1. An assessment of growth efficiency and other responses in growing pigs fed aflatoxin, Environmental Physiology, 1, 198
1998, WHO Food Additives Series, 361
Harvey, 1995, Effects of aflatoxin on tocopherol and retinol concentrations in growing barrows, Agri-Practice, 16, 12
Carlson, 1983, Effect of vomitoxin contaminated wheat and copperaddition in weanling pig diets, Journal of Animal Science, 57, 239
Clarkson, 1979, Aflatoxicosis in swine: a review, Forum Newsletter, 12
Forsyth, 1977, Emetic and refusal activity of deoxynivalenol in swine, Applied Environmental Microbiology, 34, 547, 10.1128/AEM.34.5.547-552.1977
Harvey, 1995, Influence of aflatoxin and fuminisin B1-containing culture material on growing barrows, American Journal of Veterinary Research, 56, 1668
Harvey, 1989, Evaluation of diets cocontaminated with aflatoxin and ochratoxin fed to growing pigs, American Journal of Veterinary Research, 50, 1400
Hsieh, 1979, Interactions of Mycotoxins in Animal Production. Proceedings of a Symposium, July 13, 1978, Michigan State University, 1979, 43