The impact of environmental and nutritional stresses on milk fat synthesis in dairy cows

Verdier-Metz, 2001, Relationship between milk fat and protein contents and cheese yield, Anim Res, 50, 365, 10.1051/animres:2001138 Jensen, 2002, The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000, J Dairy Sci, 85, 295, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74079-4 Palmquist, 2020, Origin of fatty acids and influence of nutritional factors on milk fat, Adv Dairy Chem, 2, 33 Chilliard, 2007, Diet, rumen biohydrogenation and nutritional quality of cow and goat milk fat, Eur J Lipid Sci Technol, 109, 828, 10.1002/ejlt.200700080 Lock, 2004, Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health, Lipids, 39, 1197, 10.1007/s11745-004-1348-6 Bauman, 2003, Nutritional regulation of milk fat synthesis, Annu Rev Nutr, 23, 203, 10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073408 Carroll, 2007, Influence of stress and nutrition on cattle immunity, Vet Clin Food Anim, 23, 105, 10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.01.003 Mudron, 2005, Stress response in dairy cows related to blood glucose, Acta Vet Brno, 74, 37, 10.2754/avb200574010037 Wheelock, 2010, Effects of heat stress on energetic metabolism in lactating Holstein cows, J Dairy Sci, 93, 644, 10.3168/jds.2009-2295 Baumgard, 2013, Effects of heat stress on post-absorptive metabolism and energetics, Annu Rev Anim Biosci, 1, 311, 10.1146/annurev-animal-031412-103644 Graber, 1971, Fatal heat stroke: circulating endotoxin and gram-negative sepsis as complications, JAMA, 216, 1195, 10.1001/jama.1971.03180330069018 Muccioli, 2010, The endocannabinoid system links gut microbiota to adipogenesis, Mole Sys Biol, 6, 392, 10.1038/msb.2010.46 Fontoura, 2022, Heat stress develops with increased total-tract gut permeability, and dietary organic acid and pure botanical supplementation partly restores lactation performance in Holstein dairy cow, J Dairy Sci, 105, 7842, 10.3168/jds.2022-21820 Rico, 2017, Temporal changes in sphingolipids and systemic insulin sensitivity during the transition from gestation to lactation, PLoS ONE, 12, 10.1371/journal.pone.0176787 Abou-Rjeileh, 2021, Redox regulation of lipid mobilization in adipose tissues, Antioxidants, 10, 1090, 10.3390/antiox10071090 Duffield, 2008, A meta-analysis of the impact of monensin in lactating dairy cattle. Part 1. Metabolic effects, J Dairy Sci, 91, 1334, 10.3168/jds.2007-0607 Bradford, 2009, Daily injection of tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} increases hepatic triglycerides and alters transcript abundance of metabolic genes in lactating dairy cattle, J Nutri, 139, 1451, 10.3945/jn.109.108233 Shingfiled, 2007, Role of biohydrogenation intermediates in milk fat depression, Eur J Lipid Sci Technol, 109, 799, 10.1002/ejlt.200700026 Dobson, 2000, What is stress, and how does it affect reproduction?, Anim Rep Sci, 60-61, 743, 10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00080-4 Dobson, 2003, A conceptual model of the influence of stress on female reproduction, Reproduction, 125, 151, 10.1530/rep.0.1250151 Borski, 2000, Nongenomic membrane actions of glucocorticoids in vertebrates, Trends in Endo and Met, 11, 427, 10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00325-8 Bradford, 2015, Invited review: inflammation during the transition to lactation: new adventures with an old flame, J Dairy Sci, 98, 6631, 10.3168/jds.2015-9683 De Vries, 2000, Energy balance of dairy cattle in relation to milk production variables and fertility, J Dairy Sci, 83, 62, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74856-9 Hammon, 2009, Performance and metabolic and endocrine changes with emphasis on glucose metabolism in high-yielding dairy cows with high and low-fat content in liver after calving, J Dairy Sci, 92, 1554, 10.3168/jds.2008-1634 Lean, 2013, Energy and protein nutrition management of transition dairy cows, Vet Clinic Food Anim, 29, 367, 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.004 Mann, 2016, Short communication: association of milk fatty acids with early lactation hyperketonemia and elevated concentration of non-esterified fatty acids, J Dairy Sci, 99, 5851, 10.3168/jds.2016-10920 Churakov, 2021, Milk fatty acids as indicators of negative energy balance of dairy cows in early lactation, Animal, 15, 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100253 Chebel, 2016, Social stressors and their effects on immunity and health of periparturient dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 99, 3217, 10.3168/jds.2015-10369 Tao, 2012, Effect of cooling heat-stressed dairy cows during the dry period on insulin response, J Dairy Sci, 95, 5035, 10.3168/jds.2012-5405 Murata, 2004, Current research on acute phase proteins in veterinary diagnosis: an overview, Vet J, 168, 28, 10.1016/S1090-0233(03)00119-9 Bruins, 2002, Arginine supplementation in pigs decreases liver protein turnover and increases hindquarter protein turnover both during and after endotoxemia, Am J Clin Nutr, 75, 1031, 10.1093/ajcn/75.6.1031 Alsemgeest, 1995, Influence of physical stress on the plasma concentration of serum amyloid-a (SAA) and haptoglobin (HP) in calves, Vet Q, 17, 9, 10.1080/01652176.1995.9694521 Emmanuel, 2008, Feeding high proportions of barley grain stimulates an inflammatory response in dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 91, 606, 10.3168/jds.2007-0256 Zebeli, 2009, Relationships between rumen lipopolysaccharide and mediators of inflammatory response with milk fat production and efficiency in dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 92, 3800, 10.3168/jds.2009-2178 Schoonjans, 1996, Role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in mediating the effects of fibrates and fatty acids on gene expression, J Lipid Res, 37, 907, 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)42003-6 Ma, 2022, A high-concentrate diet induces an inflammatory response and oxidative stress and depresses milk fat synthesis in the mammary gland of dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 105, 5493, 10.3168/jds.2021-21066 Ametaj, 2005, A new understanding of the causes of fatty liver in dairy cows, Adv Dairy Technol, 17, 97 Sweet, 1996, Endotoxin signal transduction in macrophages, J Leukoc Biol, 60, 8, 10.1002/jlb.60.1.8 Ibeagha-Awemu, 2008, Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces increased expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and downstream TLR signaling molecules in bovine mammary epithelial cells, Vet Res, 39, 11, 10.1051/vetres:2007047 Schukken, 2011, Seyfert HM, and members of the Pfizer mastitis research consortium. Host-response patterns of intra-mammary infections in dairy cows, Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 144, 270, 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.08.022 Kobayashi, 2013, Lipopolysaccharide disrupts the milk-blood barrier by modulating claudine in mammary alveolar tight junctions, PLOS one, 8, e62187, 10.1371/journal.pone.0062187 Dalmas, 2019, Innate immune priming of insulin secretion, Current Opinion Immunol, 56, 44, 10.1016/j.coi.2018.10.005 Bagby, 1980, Lipoprotein lipase activity in rat heart and adipose tissue during endotoxin shock, Am. J Physiol, 238, H325 Horst, 2021, Invited review: the influence of immune activation on transition cow health and performance – A critical evaluation of traditional dogmas, J Dairy Sci, 104, 8380, 10.3168/jds.2021-20330 Sies, 2017, Hydrogen peroxide as a central redox signaling molecule in physiological oxidative stress: oxidative eustress, Redox Biol, 11, 613, 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.035 Bernabucci, 2005, Influence of body condition score on relationships between metabolic status and oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 88, 2017, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72878-2 Ellah, 2010, Involvement of free radicals in animal diseases, Comp Clin Pathol, 19, 615, 10.1007/s00580-010-1016-3 Abaker, 2017, Lipopolysaccharide derived from the digestive tract provokes oxidative stress in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-grain diet, J Dairy Sci, 100, 666, 10.3168/jds.2016-10871 Sordillo, 2016, Symposium review: oxylipids and the regulation of bovine mammary inflammatory responses, J Dairy Sci, 101, 5629, 10.3168/jds.2017-13855 Song, 2016, β-hydroxybutyrate induces bovine hepatocyte apoptosis via an ROS-p38 signaling pathway, J Dairy Sci, 99, 9184, 10.3168/jds.2016-11219 Jóźwik, 2012, Relations between the oxidative status, mastitis, milk quality and disorders of reproductive functions in dairy cows- a review, Anim Sci Pap and Rep, 30, 297 Baratta, 2019, Mammary stem cells in domestic animals: the role of ROS, Antioxidants, 8, 6, 10.3390/antiox8010006 Osorio, 2016, Supplementing Zn, Mn, and Cu from amino acid complexes and Co from cobalt glucoheptonate during the peripartal period benefits postpartal cow performance and blood neutrophil function, J Dairy Sci, 99, 1868, 10.3168/jds.2015-10040 Zhou, 2016, Rumen protected methionine compared with rumen-protected choline improves immune-metabolic status in dairy cows during the peripartal period, J Dairy Sci, 99, 8956, 10.3168/jds.2016-10986 Collier, 2012 Tao, 2013, Invited review: heat stress effects during late gestation on dry cows and their calves, J Dairy Sci, 96, 4079, 10.3168/jds.2012-6278 Miller-Cushon, 2019, Effects of acute and chronic heat stress on feed sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows, Animal, 13, 2044, 10.1017/S1751731118003762 Rhoads, 2009, Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows: I. Production, metabolism, and aspects of circulating somatotropin, J Dairy Sci, 92, 1986, 10.3168/jds.2008-1641 Ouellet, 2019, The relationship between the number of consecutive days with heat stress and milk production of Holstein dairy cows raised in a humid continental climate, J Dairy Sci, 102, 8537, 10.3168/jds.2018-16060 Liu, 2017, Heat stress in dairy cattle alters lipid composition of milk, Sci Rep, 7, 961, 10.1038/s41598-017-01120-9 Urrutia, 2019, Effect of dietary supplementation of sodium acetate and calcium butyrate on milk fat synthesis in lactating dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 102, 5172, 10.3168/jds.2018-16024 Arner, 1981, The antilipolytic effect of insulin in human adipose tissue in obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyper insulinemia, and starvation, Metabolism, 30, 753, 10.1016/0026-0495(81)90020-2 Min, 2016, Plasma-based proteomics reveals immune response, complement and coagulation cascades pathway shifts in heat-stressed lactating dairy cows, J Proteomics, 146, 99, 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.06.008 Balogh, 2013, Key role of lipids in heat stress management, FEBS Letters, 587, 1970, 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.05.016 Broucek, 1991, Estimation of cold stress effect on dairy cows, Int J Biometeorol, 35, 29, 10.1007/BF01040960 Mader, 2015, Management of cattle exposed to adverse environmental conditions, Vet Clin Food Anim, 31, 247, 10.1016/j.cvfa.2015.03.006 Weekes, 1983, Enhanced responsiveness to insulin in sheep exposed to cold, Am J Physiol, 244, E335 Thomson, 1979, Effect of cold exposure on mammary gland uptake of fat precursors and secretion of milk fat and carnitine in the goat, Quart J Exp Physiol, 64, 7, 10.1113/expphysiol.1979.sp002460 Grant, 1995, Feeding behavior and management factors during the transition period in dairy cattle, J Anim Sci, 73, 2791, 10.2527/1995.7392791x Huzzey, 2012, The effects of overstocking Holstein dairy cattle during the dry period on cortisol secretion and energy metabolism, J Dairy Sci, 95, 4421, 10.3168/jds.2011-5037 Hill, 2007, Effect of stocking density on the short-term behavior of dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 90, 244 Bauman, 2006, Major advances associated with the biosynthesis of milk, J Dairy Sci, 89, 1235, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72192-0 Fustini, 2016, Overstocking dairy cows during the dry period affects dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol secretion, J Dairy Sci, 100, 620, 10.3168/jds.2016-11293 Krawczel, 2009, Effects of cow comfort on milk quality, productivity, and behavior Miller, 1991, Some effects of housing on the social behavior of dairy cows, Anim Prod, 53, 271 Hart, 2014, Effect of frequency of feed delivery on the behavior and productivity of lactating dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 97, 1713, 10.3168/jds.2013-7504 De Koster, 2013, Insulin resistance in dairy cows, Vet Clin Food Anim, 29, 299, 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.04.002 Kerestes, 2009, Periparturient insulin secretion and whole body insulin responsiveness in dairy cows showing various forms of ketone pattern with or without puerperal metritis, Domest Anim Endocrinol, 37, 250, 10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.07.003 Murphy, 2000, Rumen fermentation in lactating cows selected for milk fat content fed two forage to concentrate ratios with hay or silage, J Dairy Sci, 83, 756, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74938-1 Conte, 2018, A canonical discriminant analysis to study the association between milk fatty acids of ruminal origin and milk fat depression in dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 101, 6497, 10.3168/jds.2017-13941 Rico, 2015, Rapid changes in key ruminal microbial populations during the induction of and recovery from diet-induced milk fat depression in dairy cows, Bri J Nutri, 114, 358, 10.1017/S0007114515001865 Zeng, 2019, The ruminal microbiome and metabolome alterations associated with diet-induced milk fat depression in dairy cows, Metabolites, 9, 154, 10.3390/metabo9070154 Chouinard, 1999, Conjugated linoleic acids alter milk fatty acid composition and inhibit milk fat secretion in dairy cows, J. Nutri, 129, 1579, 10.1093/jn/129.8.1579 Maxin, 2011, Response of milk fat concentration and yield to nutrient supply in dairy cows, Animal, 5, 1299, 10.1017/S1751731111000206 Sandri, 2020, Transient reductions in milk fat synthesis and their association with the ruminal and metabolic profile in dairy cows fed high-starch, low-fat diets, Animal, 14, 2523, 10.1017/S1751731120001585 Corl, 2006, Short Communication: regulation of milk fat yield and fatty acid composition by insulin, J Dairy Sci, 89, 4172, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72462-6 Guo, 2013, Changes in feed intake, nutrient digestion, plasma metabolites, and oxidative stress parameters in dairy cows with sub-acute ruminal acidosis and its regulation with pelleted beet pulp, J Anim Sci Biotech, 4, 1, 10.1186/2049-1891-4-31 Albornoz, 2019, Diet starch concentration and starch fermentability affect markers of inflammatory response and oxidant status in dairy cows during the early postpartum period, J Dairy Sci, 103, 1 Douglas, 2007, Prepartum nutrition alters fatty acid composition in plasma, adipose tissue, and liver lipids of periparturient dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 90, 2941, 10.3168/jds.2006-225 Calder, 2008, Feeding the immune system, Proc Nutri Soci, 72, 299, 10.1017/S0029665113001286 Rico, 2014, Effect of a high-palmitic acid fat supplement on milk production and apparent total-tract digestibility in high and low-milk yield dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 97, 3739, 10.3168/jds.2013-7341 Lock, 2013, Feeding a C16:0-enriched fat supplement increased the yield of milk fat and improved conversion of feed to milk, J Dairy Sci, 96, 6650, 10.3168/jds.2013-6892 de Souza, 2019, 2019. Effects of timimg of palmitic acid supplementation on production responses of early-lactation dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 102, 260, 10.3168/jds.2018-14976 Ipharraguerre, 2003, Usefulness of ionophores for lactating dairy cows: a review, Anim Feed Sci and Technol, 106, 39, 10.1016/S0377-8401(03)00065-8 Schären, 2017, Differential effects of monensin and a blend of essential oils on rumen microbiota composition of transition dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 100, 2765, 10.3168/jds.2016-11994 AlZahal, 2008, Effects of monensin and dietary soybean oil on milk fat percentage and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows, J Dairy Sci, 91, 1166, 10.3168/jds.2007-0232 He, 2011, Effect of fatty acid profile in vegetable oils and antioxidant supplementation on dairy cattle performance and milk fat depression, J Dairy Sci, 94, 2481, 10.3168/jds.2010-3755 Rico, 2014, Effect of monensin on recovery from diet-induced milk fat depression, J Dairy Sci, 97, 2376, 10.3168/jds.2013-7486 Jenkins, 2003, Monensin by fat interactions on trans fatty acids in cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms grown in continuous fermentors fed corn or barley, J Dairy Sci, 86, 324, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73609-1