Tác động của chương trình giáo dục về kiêng cữ và chương trình giáo dục tình dục và STD/HIV toàn diện đến hành vi tình dục của thanh thiếu niên

Sexuality Research & Social Policy - Tập 5 - Trang 18-27 - 2008
Douglas B. Kirby1
1ETR Associates, Scotts Valley

Tóm tắt

Nhằm giảm thiểu tình trạng mang thai ngoài ý muốn và các bệnh lây truyền qua đường tình dục (STD) ở thanh thiếu niên, cả chương trình kiêng cữ và giáo dục tình dục toàn diện đã được đề xuất. Dựa trên các tiêu chí xác định, tác giả đã tìm kiếm và xem xét 56 nghiên cứu đánh giá tác động của những chương trình này (8 nghiên cứu đánh giá 9 chương trình kiêng cữ và 48 nghiên cứu đánh giá các chương trình toàn diện) đối với hành vi tình dục của thanh thiếu niên. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hầu hết các chương trình kiêng cữ không làm trì hoãn việc bắt đầu quan hệ tình dục và chỉ có 3 trong số 9 chương trình có tác động tích cực đáng kể đến hành vi tình dục. Ngược lại, khoảng hai phần ba của các chương trình toàn diện cho thấy bằng chứng mạnh mẽ rằng chúng có tác động tích cực đến hành vi tình dục của giới trẻ, bao gồm cả việc trì hoãn việc bắt đầu quan hệ tình dục và tăng cường sử dụng bao cao su cùng các biện pháp tránh thai trong các nhóm thanh niên quan trọng. Dựa trên đánh giá này, các chương trình kiêng cữ có rất ít bằng chứng để biện minh cho việc áp dụng rộng rãi; ngược lại, bằng chứng mạnh mẽ cho thấy rằng một số chương trình toàn diện nên được phổ biến rộng rãi.

Từ khóa

#kiêng cữ #giáo dục tình dục #bệnh lây truyền qua đường tình dục #thanh thiếu niên #hành vi tình dục

Tài liệu tham khảo

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